{"id":339804,"date":"2025-06-09T07:30:14","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T02:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=339804"},"modified":"2025-06-09T00:21:46","modified_gmt":"2025-06-08T18:51:46","slug":"psir-power-50-day-5-capsule-rights-theories-practice-qs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/psir-power-50-day-5-capsule-rights-theories-practice-qs\/","title":{"rendered":"PSIR Power 50 \u2013 Day 5 Capsule: Rights theories + Practice Qs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Here, I give you the summarized version of everything that I taught you in this topic in PSIR Optional Foundation classes. If you are not able to recall the scholar or a concept, then go back to class notes and handouts.<\/p>\n<p>UPSC has asked <strong>3 ten-mark questions, 5 fifteen-mark questions, and 5 twenty-mark questions<\/strong> from this topic in last 12 years.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u2002What are \u201crights\u201d and why do they grow?<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Corner-stone<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Key idea<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>quotes \/ example<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Co-relativity<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Every right presupposes a matching <strong>duty<\/strong>; without obligation the claim is empty.<\/td>\n<td>\u201cRights and duties are two sides of the same coin.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Social recognition<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Rights do not float in a vacuum; they exist <strong>only through community acknowledgement<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>Critics of \u201cabstract\u201d rights press this point.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Modernity<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Pre-modern orders relied on concession or charity; modern revolutions (<strong>1789 France \u2013 \u201crights of man\u201d<\/strong>) turned them into enforceable entitlements.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Expansion<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>New rights keep appearing \u2014 work, strike, privacy, environmental integrity.<\/td>\n<td>Rights discourse is <em>dynamic<\/em>, not fixed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>2.\u2002Hohfeld\u2019s Analytic Grid\/ Incidence<\/strong><strong> \u00a0(1913)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Incidence<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Opposite\/Correlative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Essence<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Claim<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Duty<\/td>\n<td>You <em>may<\/em> demand X of B.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Privilege (liberty)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>No-right<\/td>\n<td>You are <em>free<\/em> to do X.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Power<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Liability<\/td>\n<td>You can <em>alter<\/em> legal relations.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Immunity<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Disability<\/td>\n<td>You are <em>shielded<\/em> from A\u2019s power.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>3.\u2002Competing Theories of Rights<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Theory<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Core postulate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Chief advocates<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Main criticisms<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Natural-rights<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Rights are pre-social, <em>self-evident<\/em> truths (life, liberty, property).<\/td>\n<td><strong>Locke, Jefferson (1776), French Declaration (1791), Herbert Spencer<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Vague list, clashes (liberty vs equality), ignores social origin, fuels extreme individualism.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Legal \/ Positivist<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Rights are <em>creations of law<\/em>; state is the fountainhead.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Bentham<\/strong> (\u201cnonsense upon stilts\u201d), shade of <strong>Hobbes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Makes state omnipotent, forgets moral basis; law often codifies prior custom.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Historical \/ Conservative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Rights crystallise from <strong>long-standing custom<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Edmund Burke, Ritchie<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Custom can sanctify slavery; stifles reform.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Social-welfare \/ Utilitarian<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>A right is any rule that <strong>maximises social expediency\/happiness<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Bentham (in utility mode), J.S. Mill (qualified)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Greatest-number rule sacrifices minorities; happiness unquantifiable; may let ends justify means.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Marxist view<\/strong> (critique)<\/td>\n<td>\u201cBourgeois\u201d masks of atomistic society; genuine human emancipation lies beyond rights-talk.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Marx<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Overlooks anti-statist protection value of rights.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>4.\u2002Moving past the binaries \u2014 Laski\u2019s Social-Liberal Synthesis<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Laski\u2019s thesis <\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Rights as social conditions of self-realisation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Neither atomistic nor state-gifted; rooted in moral realm and collective welfare.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Capitalism fails rights test<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Built on <em>privilege<\/em>, not equal rights; socialism offers fuller realisation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Rights dynamic, not static<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u201cCivilisation is not static\u201d; rights evolve with social needs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>State recognises, does not create, rights<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Echoes <strong>Spencer<\/strong>: law defines &amp; protects pre-legal moral claims.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Threat map<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Liberty endangered by fascism <strong>and<\/strong> unbridled capitalism; vigilance &amp; reform perpetual.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>5. Dworkin\u2019s Rights-as-Trumps<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Pillar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Essence<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Answer cue<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Moral shield<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Some rights place absolute limits on state action; they override \u201coverall benefit\u201d calculations.<\/td>\n<td><em>Taking Rights Seriously<\/em> (1977)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Non-negotiable<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Inviolable, non-weighable, unconditional\u2014protect dignity &amp; autonomy.<\/td>\n<td>Quote: <em>\u201cRights trump collective goals.\u201d<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Qualified exceptions<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Gov\u2019t may curb a right only if: (1) the right isn\u2019t genuinely at stake, (2) social cost is disproportionate, or (3) collision with dignity\/other rights.<\/td>\n<td>Frame any limit using Dworkin\u2019s 3-test rubric.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>6. Generations of Human Rights \u2013 From Vasak to Sohn<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Generation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Focus &amp; examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Key advocates \/ texts<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1st<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>Civil-political<\/em> (life, speech, fair trial) \u2013 \u201cnegative\u201d duties.<\/td>\n<td>Roots: Magna Carta \u2192 <em>Bill of Rights<\/em> \u2192 <em>ICCPR<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2nd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>Socio-economic-cultural<\/em> (work, health, social security) \u2013 positive state action.<\/td>\n<td>Post-WW II constitutions; <em>ICESCR<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>3rd<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>Solidarity\/collective<\/em> (self-determination, environment, development).<\/td>\n<td>Decolonisation era; North\u2013South dialogues.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>4th?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Tech-future or vulnerability rights: genome, AI, digital access <strong>or<\/strong> special safeguards for tribals, women, disabled.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Louis B. Sohn<\/strong>; alternative stream links to marginalised groups.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Debate &amp; critiques<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Karel Vasak<\/strong> coined the 3-tier lexicon (1979).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Steven Jensen &amp; Patrick Macklem<\/strong>: neat \u201cgenerations\u201d mask messy historical overlaps.<\/li>\n<li>Global governance &amp; biotech push the frame beyond the state \u2192 calls for a fourth tier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7. Communitarian &amp; Multicultural Challenges to Liberal Rights<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Communitarian charge<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Scholar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Key claim<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Liberalism\u2019s <em>\u201cunencumbered self\u201d<\/em> myth<\/td>\n<td><strong>Michael Sandel<\/strong>, <em>Liberalism and the Limits of Justice<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Identity is forged in shared ends; politics should centre on <strong>common good<\/strong>, not atomistic rights.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Contextual justice &amp; complex equality<\/td>\n<td><strong>Michael Walzer<\/strong>, <em>Spheres of Justice<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Distribution rules differ across social spheres; justice follows <strong>shared meanings<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Group-differentiated rights<\/td>\n<td><strong>Bhikhu Parekh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Minorities seek collective rights (language, land, veto) to protect culture; liberal law must adapt.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Multicultural fault-lines<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Universal citizenship vs cultural recognition<\/strong> \u2192 \u201cdifference-blind\u201d equality is too thin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Group rights vs individual rights<\/strong> \u2192 autonomy, language or land claims may clash with liberal neutrality.<\/li>\n<li>Gender warning: cultural defenses can entrench patriarchal practices; liberal core values must still police oppression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>8. Human Rights <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1\u2002Post-1945 \u201cHuman Rights Turn\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>importance<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Key Scholars \/ voices<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Holocaust &amp; Hiroshima<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Exposed the dark side of absolute, Austinian sovereignty \u2192 moral space for <strong>international oversight<\/strong> of states.<\/td>\n<td>Early UN drafters; <strong>Louis Henkin<\/strong> later codifies the \u201cconcern of mankind\u201d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>International Bill of Rights<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><em>UDHR 1948 + ICCPR &amp; ICESCR 1966<\/em> form a single normative package\u2014civil-political AND socio-economic guarantees.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Eleanor Roosevelt<\/strong> (UDHR chair); <strong>John Locke<\/strong>\u2019s life-liberty triad and <strong>Immanuel Kant<\/strong>\u2019s human dignity supply philosophical spine.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>9.\u2002Globalisation &amp; Human-Rights Four-Lens Audit<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Generation touched<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Globalisation boosts \u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Globalisation erodes \u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Scholars \/ cases<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1st (Civil-political)<\/td>\n<td>Quicker information flows; NGO watchdogs (Amnesty, HRW).<\/td>\n<td>Mass surveillance, corporate capture.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Kofi Annan<\/strong> on sovereignty-plus-responsibility.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2nd (Socio-economic)<\/td>\n<td>FDI can enlarge jobs, health spend.<\/td>\n<td><strong>IMF SAPs<\/strong> slash welfare; widening wealth gap.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Joseph Stiglitz<\/strong>, <em>Globalisation and Its Discontents<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3rd (Solidarity \/ development)<\/td>\n<td>Trans-border green activism, climate treaties.<\/td>\n<td>Resource rush \u2192 ecological harm &amp; local displacement.<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4th (Vulnerable groups \/ tech)<\/td>\n<td>Digital inclusion, tele-medicine.<\/td>\n<td>Data colonialism, AI bias.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Louis B. Sohn<\/strong> on genome rights.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>Optimists<\/em> see market-led rights diffusion; <em>pessimists<\/em> call it \u201cde-development\u201d. Reality = dual impact.<\/p>\n<p><strong>10.\u2002Western Universalism vs Cultural Relativism<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Claim<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Illustration<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Counter-<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cultural Relativists<\/strong>: rights are Western individualism masquerading as universal; \u201cAsian values\u201d (Lee<strong> Kuan Yew<\/strong>, <strong>Mahathir<\/strong> ).<\/td>\n<td>Selective West-led critiques (e.g., Kashmir vs silence on allies).<\/td>\n<td>UNESCO Art 4 &amp; Vienna 1993 reject culture as excuse for abuse.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Universalists<\/strong>: rights precede culture; indivisible minimum.<\/td>\n<td>Responsibility to Protect (ICISS 2001).<\/td>\n<td>Risk of imperial overreach \u2192 <strong>Makau Mutua<\/strong>\u2019s \u201csaviour-victim-savage\u201d caution.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Relative Universalism<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Rights are global <strong>in principle<\/strong> but domestically \u201cvernacularised\u201d.<\/td>\n<td><strong>Donnelly<\/strong>; <strong>Amartya Sen<\/strong>\u2019s dialogic approach.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>11.\u2002Indian Context \u2013 Post-colonial Asymmetries<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Features<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Modern coercive state vs pre-modern social hierarchies (caste, tribe).<\/li>\n<li>Strong police\u2013paramilitary, weaker conflict-resolution institutions.<\/li>\n<li>Narrow social base for rights consciousness.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Challenges<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promotion gap, weak implementing agencies.<\/li>\n<li>Culture-specific tensions (particularism).<\/li>\n<li>Surveillance rise (\u201cOrwellian state\u201d).<\/li>\n<li>Forced displacement, xenophobia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Amartya Sen<\/strong>: freedom is <em>instrumental, constitutive &amp; constructive<\/em> to development\u2014eroded when HR slide.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Practice questions Answer-Writing Frameworks<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Theme heading<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cultural Relativism Tight rope<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Boas\u2019s anti-ethnocentrism \u2192 Geertz\u2019s <em>understand before judge<\/em> \u2192 UNESCO Art 4 limit \u2192 Donnelly\u2019s weak relativism \u201crelative universality\u201d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Changing State Conduct<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Post-1945 duty-bearers \u2192 treaty monitoring \u2192 R2P &amp; Annan \u2192 critics (selectivity \/ Asian values) \u2192 keep pressure multilateral &amp; rule-bound.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Universalism <\/strong><strong>\u21c6<\/strong><strong> Relativism Dialectic<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>UDHR floor; imperial risk \u2192 relativism shields patriarchy \u2192 Donnelly\u2019s overlapping consensus; Sen\/Nussbaum \u201cpublic reasoning\u201d; Mutua power lens.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Scholars Index &#8211;<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Kofi Annan\u2002|\u2002Jeremy Bentham\u2002|\u2002Franz Boas\u2002|\u2002Edmund Burke\u2002|\u2002Jack Donnelly\u2002|\u2002Ronald Dworkin\u2002|\u2002 Louis Henkin\u2002|\u2002Thomas Hobbes\u2002|\u2002Wesley Hohfeld\u2002|\u2002Thomas Jefferson\u2002|\u2002Steven Jensen\u2002|\u2002Immanuel Kant\u2002|\u2002Harold Laski\u2002|\u2002Lee Kuan Yew\u2002|\u2002John Locke\u2002|\u2002Patrick Macklem\u2002|\u2002Mahathir Mohamad\u2002|\u2002Karl Marx\u2002|\u2002John Stuart Mill\u2002|\u2002Makau Mutua\u2002|\u2002Martha Nussbaum\u2002|\u2002Bhikhu Parekh\u2002|\u2002David G. Ritchie\u2002|\u2002Eleanor Roosevelt\u2002|\u2002Michael Sandel\u2002|\u2002Amartya Sen\u2002|\u2002Louis B. Sohn\u2002|\u2002Herbert Spencer\u2002|\u2002Joseph Stiglitz\u2002|\u2002Karel Vasak\u2002|\u2002Michael Walzer<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>(Cohort<\/em><\/strong><em> <strong>1<\/strong> of <strong>PSIR O-AWFG<\/strong> &amp; <strong>ATS<\/strong> programmes, starting <strong>11 June<\/strong>, will track these shifts through and my evaluation will be looking for the contextual mentioning of these scholars in your copies)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Practice Questions (Write before 4 p.m.)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 1. <em>Write on Cultural Relativism.\u201d<\/em> (UPSC 2022, 10 marks)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 2. The implementation of human rights is regarded as a matter of changing the conduct of states. Comment. (UPSC 2016, 15 marks)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Question 3. The debate on human rights is caught between the limitations of both universalism and cultural relativism. Comment<\/strong><em>.<\/em><strong> UPSC (2024 , 20 Marks)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\ud83d\udccc <em>Model answers drop this evening on the Telegram channel:<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/psirbyamitpratap\"><strong>https:\/\/t.me\/psirbyamitpratap<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 keep notifications on.<\/p>\n<p>See you tomorrow with Day 6\u2014until then, keep writing.<br \/>\n\u2014<strong>Amit Pratap Singh &amp; Team<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A quick note on submissions of copies and mentorship<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>2025 Mains writers<\/strong>: <strong>Cohort 1 of O-AWFG<\/strong> kicks off <strong>11 June<\/strong> and <strong>ATS<\/strong> on <strong>15 June<\/strong>. The above practice set will serve as your <em>revision tool<\/em> for Test 1, just <strong>do not miss booking your mentorship sessions<\/strong> for personalised feedback especially for starting tests. Come with your evaluated test copies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2026\u00a0 Mains writers &#8211; <\/strong>keep uploading through your usual dashboard. This topic is in test 4 of PSIR-AWFG and ATS 1<\/li>\n<li>Alternate between mini-tests <strong>(O-AWFG)<\/strong> and full mocks <strong>(ATS)<\/strong> to tackle speed, content depth, and structured revision\u2014line-by-line evaluation pinpoints your weaknesses and errors. Follow your <strong>PSIR O-AWFG &amp; ATS <\/strong>schedule and use the model answers to enrich your content, as rankers recommended based on their own success.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Keep writing\u2014see you tomorrow with Day 6!<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;border-style: solid;background-color: #f5f1e1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Power-50-\u2013-Day-5-Capsule.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Click Here<\/a> to Download the PDF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here, I give you the summarized version of everything that I taught you in this topic in PSIR Optional Foundation classes. If you are not able to recall the scholar or a concept, then go back to class notes and handouts. UPSC has asked 3 ten-mark questions, 5 fifteen-mark questions, and 5 twenty-mark questions from&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/psir-power-50-day-5-capsule-rights-theories-practice-qs\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">PSIR Power 50 \u2013 Day 5 Capsule: Rights theories + Practice Qs<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10394,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12128],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-339804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psir-optional","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/339804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10394"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=339804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/339804\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=339804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=339804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=339804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}