{"id":340034,"date":"2025-06-11T16:03:19","date_gmt":"2025-06-11T10:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=340034"},"modified":"2025-06-15T18:56:49","modified_gmt":"2025-06-15T13:26:49","slug":"flue-gas-desulphurisation-fgd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/flue-gas-desulphurisation-fgd\/","title":{"rendered":"Flue gas desulphurisation (FGD)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>News:<\/strong> Power Minister says that the Central Pollution Control Board will decide on future of flue gas desulphurisation units. <strong>Flue gas desulphurisation (FGD)<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>About Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD)<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_340037\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-340037\" style=\"width: 372px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-340037\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Source-ResearchGate-1.png?resize=372%2C415&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Source-ResearchGate-1.png?resize=269%2C300&amp;ssl=1 269w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Source-ResearchGate-1.png?resize=768%2C858&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Source-ResearchGate-1.png?w=785&amp;ssl=1 785w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-340037\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source &#8211; ResearchGate<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>Flue-gas desulfurization(FGD) is a <strong>set of technologies<\/strong> used to <strong>remove sulfur dioxide (SO2)<\/strong> from <strong>exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants<\/strong> and from the emissions of other sulfur dioxide-emitting processes such as <strong>waste incineration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>These are an <strong>additional piece of equipment<\/strong> required to be retro-fitted in TPPs to cut harmful sulphur dioxide emissions resulting from burning coal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"900\"><strong>Flue Gas<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Flue gas (sometimes called <strong>exhaust gas\u00a0or\u00a0stack<\/strong> gas) refers to the <strong>gas that is\u00a0released from combustion plants.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is a <strong style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">by-product<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\"> of burning fossil fuels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Flue gas actually contains a <strong style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">mixture of gases<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">, such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor, nitrogen oxides (NO &amp; NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), other trace pollutants, and often some particulate matter.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">Ill effects of Sulphur Dioxide<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sulphur dioxide emissions can <strong>hover in the atmosphere<\/strong> and form <strong>aerosols of sulphates<\/strong> that can temper the <strong>heat<\/strong> from global warming and exacerbate particulate <strong>matter pollution<\/strong> and <strong>respiratory<\/strong> diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Categorization of Thermal Power Plants<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>They are categorized into <strong>A, B, and C <\/strong>based on their <strong>location and proximity to areas<\/strong> with critical pollution or high population density for the purpose of installing Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) systems.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Category A plants:<\/strong> The power plants located in a <strong>10 km radius of the National Capital Region, and cities with a population of over one million<\/strong>, are required to install FGD units.\n<ul>\n<li>There are 66 such plants, and only 14 of them have installed FGD units.<\/li>\n<li>All these plants are required to comply by 2027.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Category B plants:<\/strong> Those TPPs located in a <strong>10-km radius of \u2018Critically Polluted Cities\u2019 or \u2018Non-Attainment Cities\u2019.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>They would be eligible for <strong>exemption on a \u201ccase by case\u201d basis<\/strong>, upon a <strong>joint review<\/strong> by the Central Electricity Authority or the CPCB.<\/li>\n<li>There are 72 such plants, with only 4 having installed FGD units.<\/li>\n<li>These plants have a <strong>deadline of 2028.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Category C plants:<\/strong> The remaining 462 plants come under Category C.\n<ul>\n<li>Thirty-two of them have installed FGD units.<\/li>\n<li>These plants have a 2029 deadline.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deadline extensions:<\/strong> So far, the government has granted three extensions since 2017, the latest being in December 2024, for plants <strong>to comply by 2027-2030.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Present Scenario<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>92%<\/strong> of India\u2019s 600 TPPs <strong>haven\u2019t yet installed FGD units<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>High installation cost:<\/strong> It is estimated that the current installation cost of such equipment is about <strong>\u20b91 crore per megawatt (MW) <\/strong>of installed power capacity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Note:<\/strong> The fitment of FGDs in all TPPs in India is <strong>not necessary to comply<\/strong> with the <strong>NAAQ (National Ambient Air Quality) standards<\/strong> whose compliance is essential to safeguard public health.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News: Power Minister says that the Central Pollution Control Board will decide on future of flue gas desulphurisation units. Flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) About Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) Flue-gas desulfurization(FGD) is a set of technologies used to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants and from the emissions of other&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/flue-gas-desulphurisation-fgd\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Flue gas desulphurisation (FGD)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10393,"featured_media":340037,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,3127,4182,12039],"tags":[11872],"class_list":["post-340034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-economy","category-environment","category-knolls","tag-9pm-daily-factly","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Source-ResearchGate-1.png?fit=785%2C877&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10393"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=340034"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340034\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/340037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=340034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=340034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=340034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}