{"id":341053,"date":"2025-06-21T11:13:42","date_gmt":"2025-06-21T05:43:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=341053"},"modified":"2025-06-21T11:13:42","modified_gmt":"2025-06-21T05:43:42","slug":"psir-power-50-day-17-capsule-making-of-the-constitution-practice-qs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/psir-power-50-day-17-capsule-making-of-the-constitution-practice-qs\/","title":{"rendered":"PSIR Power 50 \u2013 Day 17 Capsule: Making of the Constitution + Practice Qs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hello everyone,<\/p>\n<p>Today the capsule summarises the topic- \u00a0<strong>Making of the Constitution<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There are <strong>7 ten-mark, 1 fifteen-mark, and 0 twenty-mark questions <\/strong>in the last 12 years PYQs<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1 &#8211; EVOLUTION (1858-1935)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Colonial statutes that pre-shaped constitutional ideas<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Government of India Acts<\/strong> 1858, 1919, 1935 \u2013 central &amp; provincial executive\/legislature\/judiciary; provincial autonomy; communal representation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian Councils Acts<\/strong> 1861, 1892 \u2013 token Indian seats.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Morley-Minto Reforms<\/strong> 1909 \u2013 separate Muslim electorates (seed of communalism).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Bipan Chandra<\/em>: reforms were \u201cconcessions granted strategically to divide and rule, not genuine steps toward self-government.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Nationalist reply<\/em> \u2013 INC campaigns (Non-Co-operation 1920-22; Civil Disobedience 1930-34) exposed limitations of colonial constitution-making.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 &#8211; DEMAND FOR AN INDIAN-DRAFTED CONSTITUTION<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nehru Report<\/strong> 1928: dominion status, responsible government; rejected by younger leaders for not demanding full independence.<\/li>\n<li>INC (1934) formal demand: <strong>Constituent Assembly<\/strong> elected by adult suffrage.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Jawaharlal Nehru, 1938<\/strong>: \u201cThe constitution of free India must be framed \u2026 by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3 &#8211; BRITISH PLANS &amp; INDIAN RESPONSES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Scheme<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Main features<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Indian verdict<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cripps Mission<\/strong> 1942<\/td>\n<td>post-war dominion; elected Assembly; provinces free to opt out<\/td>\n<td>INC objected to secession clause; Muslim League objected to lack of Pakistan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Cabinet Mission<\/strong> 1946 (Pethick-Lawrence, Cripps, Alexander)<\/td>\n<td>weak Union over defense\/foreign\/communications; provincial groupings free to draft constitutions<\/td>\n<td>both INC &amp; League accepted in principle but clashed on grouping; League finally boycotted Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> ELECTION &amp; MAKE-UP OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>July 1946<\/strong> elections by Provincial Legislatures (not universal franchise).<\/li>\n<li>389 seats: 292 British-province, 93 princely, 4 Chief Commissioners\u2019.<\/li>\n<li>Muslim League boycott \u2192 opening session (Dec 1946) only 207 members.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Representation debate<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Criticism<\/strong>: indirect election, franchise limited to c 28 % (propertied &amp; educated).<br \/>\n<strong>Counter-point (Granville Austin; K. Santhanam)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>INC purposely invited non-Congress figures (B. R. Ambedkar, K. M. Munshi, Syama Prasad Mookerjee, communists, socialists, Hindu Mahasabha).<\/li>\n<li>Communal, regional, princely and occupational diversity made the body a \u201cmicrocosm of India.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5 &#8211; KEY PERSONS &amp; COMMITTEE SYSTEM (1946-49)<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Leader<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Institutional role<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dr Rajendra Prasad<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Permanent President (11 Dec 1946)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Jawaharlal Nehru<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Objectives Resolution (13 Dec 1946); Union Powers Committee chair<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Fundamental Rights &amp; Minorities Committee; Provincial Constitution Committee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dr B. R. Ambedkar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Chairman, <strong>Drafting Committee<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>K. M. Munshi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Steering Committee chair<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>T. T. Krishnamachari<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Drafting Committee member; praised Ambedkar\u2019s \u201ccommendable\u201d labour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Principal committees: Drafting; Union Powers; Fundamental Rights &amp; Minorities; Provincial Constitution; Steering; Rules; States; Finance &amp; Staff, etc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6 &#8211; DEBATES &amp; ADOPTION<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Eleven sessions over <strong>2 yrs 11 mo 17 days<\/strong>; nearly 8 mn words recorded.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Draft Constitution<\/strong> published Feb 1948; clause-by-clause discussion Feb 1948-Oct 1949; third reading Nov 1949.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Adopted<\/strong> 26 Nov 1949; signed by members; <strong>commenced<\/strong> 26 Jan 1950 (\u201cRepublic Day\u201d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Austin<\/em>: success owed to \u201cconsensus and accommodation\u201d \u2013 two \u201cwholly Indian\u201d methods.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7 &#8211; CHARACTER &amp; LEGACY OF THE CONSTITUTION<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fundamental Rights<\/strong>; <strong>Directive Principles<\/strong>; independent judiciary; parliamentary-cabinet system; federal yet Centre-strong; affirmative action for SC\/ST.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cUnity in diversity\u201d formally recognised (language, culture, religion).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ambedkar<\/strong> in final speech: Constitution defines powers of executive, legislature, judiciary; aims to keep India united \u201cdespite all her diversity.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>8 &#8211; LEGACIES OF THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT (as feeder to the Constitution)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Nation-building<\/strong> \u2013 conscious creation of \u201cIndia\u201d against British scepticism.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Democratic habit<\/strong> \u2013 mass participation, INC inner-party voting; universal adult suffrage 1950.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Civil liberties<\/strong> \u2013 traditions from Gokhale, Banerjea, Gandhi; Indian Civil Liberties Union 1936 \u2192 constitutional rights.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Modernisation &amp; planning<\/strong> \u2013 Karachi Resolution 1931; National Planning Committee 1938; Planning Commission 1950.\n<ul>\n<li>Alternative <strong>Gandhian<\/strong> model: decentralised village economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Secularism<\/strong> \u2013 religion separate from State; Gandhi\u2019s \u201cReligion vs religions\u201d; Nehru\u2019s scientific temper.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Independent foreign policy<\/strong> \u2013 anti-imperialism, non-alignment (Nehru), solidarity with oppressed nations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Limits acknowledged<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Social hierarchies (caste, patriarchy) survived; movement could not prevent <strong>Partition 1947<\/strong>; loose organisational control allowed divisive currents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Scholars Index<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> V. Alexander\u2002|\u2002B. R. Ambedkar\u2002|\u2002Granville Austin\u2002|\u2002Surendranath Banerjea\u2002|\u2002Bipan Chandra\u2002|\u2002Stafford Cripps\u2002|\u2002Mahatma Gandhi\u2002|\u2002Gopal Krishna Gokhale\u2002|\u2002T. T. Krishnamachari\u2002|\u2002Syama Prasad Mookerjee\u2002|\u2002K. M. Munshi\u2002|\u2002Jawaharlal Nehru\u2002|\u2002Vallabhbhai Patel\u2002|\u2002Frederick Pethick-Lawrence\u2002|\u2002Rajendra Prasad\u2002|\u2002K. Santhanam<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practice Questions (Write before 4 p.m.)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 1<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> <strong>Objective Resolution of the Constituent Assembly. [2024\/10m]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 2.<\/strong> <strong>Imprint of the British Constitution on the Indian Constitution. [2023\/10 m]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question 3. <\/strong><strong>The making of the Indian Constitution is described as an attempt towards &#8216;social revolution&#8217;. Comment. [2022\/20m]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udccc <em>Model answers drop this evening on the Telegram channel:<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/psirbyamitpratap\"><strong>https:\/\/t.me\/psirbyamitpratap<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 keep notifications on.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>See you tomorrow on Day 18. Keep practicing!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014<strong>Amit Pratap Singh<\/strong> &amp; Team<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A quick note on submissions of copies and mentorship<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>2025 Mains writers<\/strong>: <strong>Cohort 1 of O-AWFG<\/strong> started on <strong>12 June<\/strong> and <strong>ATS<\/strong> on <strong>15 June<\/strong>. The above practice set will serve as your <em>revision tool<\/em>, just <strong>do not miss booking your mentorship sessions<\/strong> for personalised feedback especially for starting tests. Come with your evaluated test copies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2026 Mains writers &#8211; <\/strong>keep uploading through your usual dashboard. Act on the feedback and improve consistently.<\/li>\n<li>Alternate between mini-tests <strong>(O-AWFG)<\/strong> and full mocks <strong>(ATS)<\/strong> has been designed to tackle speed, content depth, and structured revision\u2014line-by-line evaluation pinpoints your weaknesses and errors. Follow your <strong>PSIR O-AWFG &amp; ATS <\/strong>schedule and use the model answers to enrich your content, as rankers recommended based on their own success.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Hello everyone, Today the capsule summarises the topic- \u00a0Making of the Constitution. &nbsp; There are 7 ten-mark, 1 fifteen-mark, and 0 twenty-mark questions in the last 12 years PYQs \u00a0 \u00a0 &nbsp; 1 &#8211; EVOLUTION (1858-1935) Colonial statutes that pre-shaped constitutional ideas Government of India Acts 1858, 1919, 1935 \u2013 central &amp; provincial executive\/legislature\/judiciary;&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/psir-power-50-day-17-capsule-making-of-the-constitution-practice-qs\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">PSIR Power 50 \u2013 Day 17 Capsule: Making of the Constitution + Practice Qs<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10394,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12128,9],"tags":[12012,12133],"class_list":["post-341053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psir-optional","category-public","tag-psir-forumias","tag-psir-optional","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10394"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=341053"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341053\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=341053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=341053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=341053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}