{"id":34131,"date":"2018-10-30T15:58:13","date_gmt":"2018-10-30T10:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=34131"},"modified":"2018-10-30T15:58:13","modified_gmt":"2018-10-30T10:28:13","slug":"51-pc-indian-woman-anaemic-38-pc-kids-under-5-stunted","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/51-pc-indian-woman-anaemic-38-pc-kids-under-5-stunted\/","title":{"rendered":"51 pc Indian woman anaemic, 38 pc kids under 5 stunted"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/india\/more-than-half-of-under-5-kids-in-india-are-anaemic\/articleshow\/57485195.cms\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">51 pc Indian woman anaemic, 38 pc kids under 5 stunted <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Context:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Highlighting India&#8217;s serious burden of undernutrition, a global report released recently \u00a0said that more than half of the women of reproductive age in the country suffer from anaemia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recently released family health survey (NFHS 4) results show that over 58% of children below five years of age are anaemic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Findings of the new <\/span><b>Global Nutrition Report <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2017 place India at the bottom of the table.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">China, Pakistan, Nigeria and Indonesia occupy the following places in the list<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In India, more than half (51%) of all women of reproductive age have anaemia, whereas more than one in five (22%) of adult women are overweight.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, in 2016, the report showed that nearly 48% of women in India were anaemic.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Highlights of the survey:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The total number of children under five in India in 2015 is projected at 12.4 crore.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Around 7.2 crore children are anaemic, nearly 5 crore are stunted, around 2.6 crore are wasted and 4.4 crore are underweight.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The survey also found that just over half of all pregnant women were anaemic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients suffer from insufficient haemoglobin in the blood, leaving them exhausted, vulnerable to infections, and possibly affecting their brain development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The survey, which was carried out in 2015-16 also showed that around 38% of children in the same age group were stunted, 21% were wasted and 36% underweight.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on the <\/span><b>2011 Census data,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the total number of children under five in India in 2015 is projected at 12.4 crore. So, around 7.2 crore children are anaemic, nearly 5 crore are stunted, around 2.6 crore are wasted and 4.4 crore are underweight.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The World Health Organisation says high levels of these markers are clear indications of &#8220;poor socioeconomic conditions&#8221; and &#8220;suboptimal health and\/or nutritional conditions&#8221;. In short, lack of food, unhealthy living conditions and poor health delivery systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The WHO defines <\/span><b>wasting<\/b> <b>as low weight for height, stunting as low height for age, and underweight as low weight for age<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The survey also found that just over half of all pregnant women were anaemic. This would automatically translate into their newborn being weak. Overall, 53% of women and 23% of men in the 15-49 age group were anaemic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In India, latest figures show that 38% of children under five are affected by stunting &#8211; children too short for their age due to lack of nutrients, suffering irreversible damage to brain capacity &#8211; and about 21% of kids under five are defined as &#8216;wasted&#8217; or &#8216;severely wasted&#8217; &#8211; meaning they do not weigh enough for their height<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The global data also revealed that more than 22% percent of adult women are overweight, a rising concern as women are disproportionately affected by the global obesity epidemic. About 16% of adult Indian men are overweight.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Childhood stunting in India:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The report that looked at 140 countries also found \u2018significant burden\u2019 of childhood stunting in India<\/li>\n<li>Stunting refers to the condition when children are too short for their age due to lack of nutrients and suffer irreversible damage to brain capacity.<\/li>\n<li>In India, 38 per cent of children under five are affected by stunting.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">About 21 per cent of children under 5 have been categorised as \u2018wasted\u2019 or <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018severely wasted\u2019 \u2014 meaning they do not weigh enough for their height. These figures are at par with the National Family Health Survey 4 data.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Causes of child stunting:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor sanitation spreads diseases that sap children energy and stunts their growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor health of a child\u2019s mother and Women\u2019s undernourishment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poverty also plays a key role<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Non-exclusive breast feeding<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced appetite due to infection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Causes of malnutrition:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India is facing a serious problem of malnutrition, according to the Global Nutrition Report 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Causes:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Widespread discrimination against women in their homes leads to low food intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The causes for malnutrition are various and are multidimensional. To sum up, they include<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> illiteracy specially in women<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor access to health services<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of availability of safe drinking water<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor sanitation and environmental conditions and low purchasing power etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Early marriages of girl<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Teenage pregnancies resulting in low birth weight of the newborns<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor breastfeeding practice<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Poor complementary feeding practices<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ignorance about nutritional needs of infants and young children and repeated infections further aggravate the situation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Number of other factors such as environmental, geographical, agricultural, and cultural including various other factors have contributive effects resulting in malnutrition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore it is widely recognized that a multi sectoral approach is necessary to tackle the problem of malnutrition.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>State wise picture:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is wide variation among states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poorer states like Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Assam, Rajasthan and Chhattisgarh have higher than national average rates on all markers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More advanced states like those in the south, Haryana and Gujarat have slightly better numbers but are still at unacceptable levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Tamil Nadu, 51% children are anaemic while in Kerala it is over one-third.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In many states, stunting has declined but the share of severely wasted children has increased.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For undernutrition, especially, major efforts are needed to close the inequality gap.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report also found that 88% of countries studied face a serious burden of two or three forms of malnutrition. It highlights the damaging impact this burden is having on broader global development efforts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report found that overweight and obesity are on the rise in almost every country, with two billion of the world&#8217;s seven billion people now overweight or obese, and a less than one percent chance of meeting the global target of halting the rise in obesity and diabetes by 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Global Nutrition Report 2017 calls for nutrition to be placed at the heart of efforts to end poverty, fight disease, raise educational standards and tackle climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Indicators:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The global report, which looked at 140 countries including India, found &#8216;significant burdens&#8217; of three important forms of malnutrition used as an indicator of broader trends. <\/span><b>These include childhood stunting, anaemia in women of reproductive age, and overweight adult women.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>About Anemia:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells(RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered \u00a0ability of the blood to carry oxygen.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Symptoms:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When anemia comes on slowly, the symptoms include feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath or a poor ability to exercise.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anemia that comes on quickly often has greater symptoms, which may include confusion, feeling like one is going to pass out, loss of consciousness, or increase thirst.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>51 pc Indian woman anaemic, 38 pc kids under 5 stunted Context: Highlighting India&#8217;s serious burden of undernutrition, a global report released recently \u00a0said that more than half of the women of reproductive age in the country suffer from anaemia. Introduction: The recently released family health survey (NFHS 4) results show that over 58% of&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/51-pc-indian-woman-anaemic-38-pc-kids-under-5-stunted\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">51 pc Indian woman anaemic, 38 pc kids under 5 stunted<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[555],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-test-1","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704905609},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34131"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34131\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}