{"id":343393,"date":"2025-07-24T12:35:25","date_gmt":"2025-07-24T07:05:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=343393"},"modified":"2025-07-24T12:35:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T07:05:25","slug":"paika-rebellion-1817","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/paika-rebellion-1817\/","title":{"rendered":"Paika Rebellion: 1817"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>News<\/strong>&#8211; Recently, Former Odisha CM Naveen Patnaik called the omission of the Paika Rebellion from NCERT\u2019s Class VIII book a \u201chuge dishonour.\u201d NCERT said it will be included in the second volume, out by Sept-Oct.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_343403\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-343403\" style=\"width: 499px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-343403\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Paika-Rebellion.png?resize=499%2C277&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Paika Rebellion\" width=\"499\" height=\"277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Paika-Rebellion.png?w=916&amp;ssl=1 916w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Paika-Rebellion.png?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Paika-Rebellion.png?resize=768%2C426&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-343403\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source- Telegraph India<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>About Paika Rebellion<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It was a significant armed uprising against British colonial rule that erupted in 1817 in the eastern province of Khurda (present-day Odisha).<\/li>\n<li>It was led by the Paikas, traditional warrior-militia of Odisha, under the leadership of <em>Bakshi Jagabandhu<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>The rebellion predated the Revolt of 1857, making it one of the earliest indigenous revolts against the East India Company.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid; background-color: #fcf7f7;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Who were the Paikas?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Paikas (literally: &#8220;foot soldiers&#8221;) were a hereditary warrior class under the <em>Gajapati rulers of Odisha<\/em> since the 16th century.<\/li>\n<li>They <em>rendered military service in return for rent-free land<\/em> (nish-kar jagirs), which they cultivated during peacetime.<\/li>\n<li>Their socio-economic position declined drastically under British rule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Background: origins of discontent<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In 1803, the British East India Company annexed Odisha after defeating the Marathas.<\/li>\n<li>An agreement was signed with <em>Mukunda Deva II, the King of Khurda<\/em>, promising monetary compensation and return of four parganas.<\/li>\n<li>When the British reneged on the deal, Jayee Rajguru, the royal advisor, led 2,000 Paikas to protest but was captured and executed in 1806.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Causes of the rebellion<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 424px; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid; background-color: #f7fffe;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 120px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 38.029%; height: 120px;\"><strong>Political Causes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.971%; height: 120px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><em>Dethronement of the Khurda King<\/em> and decline of Paika patronage.<\/li>\n<li>Destruction of forts and abolition of traditional administration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 244px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 38.029%; height: 244px;\"><strong>Economic Causes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.971%; height: 244px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><em>Confiscation of rent-free lands.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>New land revenue settlements that impoverished the Odia peasantry.<\/li>\n<li><em>Influx of Bengali absentee landlords<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Salt monopoly, increased taxation, and demand for silver currency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 38.029%; height: 30px;\"><strong>Social and Cultural Causes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 61.971%; height: 30px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Humiliation of traditional elites.<\/li>\n<li><em>Disruption of tribal and peasant economies<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Paikas and tribal Kondhs shared grievances over British exploitation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 data-start=\"108\" data-end=\"142\">The 1817 Rebellion: Key events<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"144\" data-end=\"569\">\n<li data-start=\"144\" data-end=\"242\">\n<p data-start=\"146\" data-end=\"242\">In March 1817, about 400 Kondh tribal fighters marched from Ghumusar towards Khurda.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"243\" data-end=\"355\">\n<p data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"355\">They joined forces with the <em>Paikas, led by Bakshi Jagabandhu<\/em>, the former military commander of Khurda.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"356\" data-end=\"425\">\n<p data-start=\"358\" data-end=\"425\">The rebels attacked the <em>Banpur police station<\/em>, burning it down.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"426\" data-end=\"491\">\n<p data-start=\"428\" data-end=\"491\">They killed British officials and looted government treasuries.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"571\" data-end=\"607\"><strong>British response and suppression<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"609\" data-end=\"802\">\n<li data-start=\"609\" data-end=\"681\">\n<p data-start=\"611\" data-end=\"681\">The British responded with strong military force, bombing rebel bases.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"682\" data-end=\"723\">\n<p data-start=\"684\" data-end=\"723\">The Paikas were scattered and defeated.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"724\" data-end=\"802\">\n<p data-start=\"726\" data-end=\"802\">Bakshi Jagabandhu escaped into the forests and stayed hidden until <em>1825.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"804\" data-end=\"828\"><strong>Consequences and impact<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"830\" data-end=\"1087\">\n<li data-start=\"830\" data-end=\"884\">\n<p data-start=\"832\" data-end=\"884\">The rebellion was eventually crushed by the British.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"945\">\n<p data-start=\"887\" data-end=\"945\">Jagabandhu surrendered under amnesty and died in <em>1829.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"946\" data-end=\"1087\">\n<p data-start=\"948\" data-end=\"1087\">Though militarily unsuccessful, the revolt became a powerful symbol of resistance and is considered Odisha\u2019s <em>first war of independence<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News&#8211; Recently, Former Odisha CM Naveen Patnaik called the omission of the Paika Rebellion from NCERT\u2019s Class VIII book a \u201chuge dishonour.\u201d NCERT said it will be included in the second volume, out by Sept-Oct. About Paika Rebellion It was a significant armed uprising against British colonial rule that erupted in 1817 in the eastern&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/paika-rebellion-1817\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Paika Rebellion: 1817<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10367,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,11212,12039],"tags":[11872],"class_list":["post-343393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-history-and-art-culture-in-news","category-knolls","tag-9pm-daily-factly","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/343393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10367"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=343393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/343393\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=343393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=343393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=343393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}