{"id":349959,"date":"2025-11-14T19:03:27","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T13:33:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=349959"},"modified":"2025-11-14T22:07:54","modified_gmt":"2025-11-14T16:37:54","slug":"air-pollution-in-delhi-reasons-and-solutions-explained-pointwise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/air-pollution-in-delhi-reasons-and-solutions-explained-pointwise\/","title":{"rendered":"Air Pollution In Delhi- Reasons and Solutions- Explained Pointwise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a class=\"btn btn-primary text-light\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7-pm-pdf.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Download PDF Daily 7 PM Initiative for the day\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-316920 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-In-Delhi.png?resize=699%2C466&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Air Pollution In Delhi\" width=\"699\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-In-Delhi.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-In-Delhi.png?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-In-Delhi.png?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-In-Delhi.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 699px) 100vw, 699px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The air pollution in Delhi is again in the news, with the <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">worsening of Delhi&#8217;s air quality. <span style=\"color: #333333;\">The AQI in certain areas of Delhi has been recorded at its worst in the last 3 years. The choking air pollution has led to the invocation of <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/grap-iv\/#:~:text=The%20Graded%20Response%20Action%20Plan%20(GRAP)%20is%20an%20emergency%20response,certain%20threshold%20in%20Delhi%2DNCR.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Graded Response Action Plan<\/a> (GRAP) in Delhi-NCR region. In fact, the Delhi government, in partnership with IIT Kanpur, has recently <strong>\u00a0implemented artificial rain experiments (cloud seeding)<\/strong> as an emergency measure to combat its chronic air pollution crisis.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>In this article we will look into the reasons for air pollution in Delhi. We will also look at the possible solutions to combat this climate health emergency.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_316814\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-316814\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-316814\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi.jpg?resize=700%2C525&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Air Pollution in Delhi\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-316814\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source- The Indian Express<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\"><strong>Table of Content<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"#toc1\">What is air Pollution and how is it measured in India?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#toc2\">What are the reasons for the rise in air pollution in Delhi?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#toc3\">What are the harmful effects of air pollution?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#toc4\">What Govt initiatives have been taken to reduce air pollution in Delhi?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#toc5\">What should be the way ahead?<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><a id=\"toc1\"><\/a>What is air Pollution and how is it measured in India?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Air Pollution:<\/strong>\u00a0Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulates or biological materials into the atmosphere that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Measurement of Air Pollution In India:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In India, air pollution is measured according to the National Air Quality Index developed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 2014.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>The measurement of air quality in the NAQI framework is based on <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">eight pollutants,<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> namely- <\/span><strong>Particulate Matter (<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">PM10<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">), Particulate Matter (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">PM2.5<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">), Nitrogen Dioxide (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">NO2<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">), Sulphur Dioxide (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">SO2<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">), Carbon Monoxide (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">CO<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">), Ozone (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">O3<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">), Ammonia (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">NH3<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">) and Lead (<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Pb<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">).<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_316815\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-316815\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-316815 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi-and-Mumbai.png?resize=460%2C615&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Air Pollution in Delhi and Mumbai\" width=\"460\" height=\"615\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi-and-Mumbai.png?w=460&amp;ssl=1 460w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Air-Pollution-in-Delhi-and-Mumbai.png?resize=224%2C300&amp;ssl=1 224w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-316815\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source- CPCB<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">Read More- <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/on-air-quality-standard-of-india-indians-are-choking-on-pollution-how-can-it-be-stopped\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Air Quality Standard of India<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"toc2\"><\/a>What are the reasons for the rise in air pollution in Delhi?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Stubble Burning:<\/strong>\u00a0Stubble burning in Punjab, Rajasthan, and Haryana emits large amounts of toxic pollutants in the atmosphere. These pollutants contain <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">harmful gases<\/span> like methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">IIT consortium report<\/span> have estimated that stubble burning contributed up to <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">35% of Delhi\u2019s PM 2.5 levels<\/span> during the peak October-November season.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Reduced Wind Speed: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Low-speed winds in winters are unable to disperse these pollutants effectively. Further, Delhi lies in a <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">landlocked region<\/span> and does not have the geographical advantage of sea breeze to disperse the suspended pollutants.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Effect of Northwesterly winds: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">After the <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">withdrawal of monsoons, the predominant direction of winds in northern India is northwesterly. <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">These northwesterly winds bring the <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">dust from the gulf region<\/span>, northern Pakistan and Afghanistan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Dip in Temperatures lowers the inversion height: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">With the decrease in temperature, <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">inversion height lowers down, leading to concentration of pollutants in the lower atmosphere.<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> (Inversion height is the layer beyond which pollutants cannot disperse into the upper layer of the atmosphere).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Vehicular Pollution:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0Delhi has one of the <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">highest number of registered private vehicles<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> in India. Official emissions inventories of 2018 show that vehicles emit about 40 per cent of the particulate load in the city of Delhi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Construction Activities and Open Waste Burning: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pollution due to <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">landfill burning and construction debris<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> enhances the pollution levels in the Delhi NCR region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Firecrackers:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Firecrackers burning during Diwali further adds to the increase in air pollution levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Urban development strategy in India:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> The current strategy focuses on real estate development, a widening of roads and allowing large fuel guzzling vehicles which are major reasons for increased pollution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Expansion of \u2018Grey\u2019 infrastructure:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Water bodies, urban forests, green cover, and urban agriculture have all reported shrinkage, and \u201cgrey\u201d infrastructure has seen rapid expansion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Land use change: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The handing over of open spaces to real estate developers and lack of any meaningful afforestation affects the city\u2019s ecology.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Promotion of car sales:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Widening roads induces people to buy more cars, thus leading to more pollution levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Construction activities: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It contributes roughly 10% of air pollution in Delhi-NCR. There are hardly any steps being taken to monitor construction activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"toc3\"><\/a>What are the harmful effects of air pollution?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The harmful effects of air pollution have been tabulated below:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid; background-color: #f7f2f2; border-color: #000000;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 13.3817%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Economic effects<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 86.6183%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(1) Leads to<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">loss of labour productivity, GDP and per capita income levels<\/span>. <span style=\"color: #000000;\">(The Confederation of Indian Industry estimates that air pollution costs Indian businesses $95 billion, or 3 per cent of India\u2019s GDP every year). (Poor air amounts to about Rs 7 lakh crore of annual economic loss, which is more than a third of our annual GST collection)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">(2) Air pollution<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">reduces agricultural crop yields<\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">and commercial forest yields.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 13.3817%;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Human Health Effects<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 86.6183%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(1) Air pollution leads to multiple health conditions including<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">respiratory infections<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">heart disease<\/span> and <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">lung cancer<\/span>.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">(2) As per the Global Burden of Disease comparative risk assessment for 2015, air pollution exposure contributes to approximately<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1.8 million premature deaths<\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">and loss of<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">49 million disability adjusted life-years (DALYs)<\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">in India.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 13.3817%;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Environment<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 86.6183%;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(1) <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Acid Rain:<\/span>\u00a0Damages crops, natural vegetation, soil chemistry and leads to damage to ancient monuments (Taj Mahal Yellowing).<br \/>\n(2) <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Eutrophication of water bodies:<\/span>\u00a0Increases nitrogen intake of freshwater bodies leading to Eutrophication.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"toc4\"><\/a>What Govt initiatives have been taken to reduce air pollution in Delhi?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Cloud Seeding (Artificial Rain):<\/strong> Piloted with IIT Kanpur, three rounds were conducted in 2025 to temporarily reduce airborne particulate matter, although results were mixed due to weather constraints. The key reason for limited results was <strong>insufficient cloud moisture (only 15\u201320%)<\/strong>, while successful cloud seeding typically requires 50% or more. High cloud bases (near 10,000 feet) also reduced effectiveness.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Crop Residue Management Scheme:<\/strong>\u00a0Crop Residue Management (CRM) scheme which provides subsidy to farmers for buying &#8216;<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Turbo Happy Seeder<\/span>&#8216;, \u2018<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Super SMS attachment<\/span>\u2019, \u2018<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">rotavators<\/span>\u2018 and \u2018<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">superseeder<\/span>\u2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM):<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> CAQM is a statutory body formed under the Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas, Act 2021. CAQM has provided a framework to tackle the problem of air pollution due to stubble burning.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Initiatives to reduce Vehicular Pollution:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0The <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">shift from BS-IV to BS-VI<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">, push for <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Electric Vehicles (EVs)<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Odd-even Policy<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> have all been implemented to reduce Vehicular pollution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP):<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0 GRAP measures like shutting down thermal power plants and a ban on construction activities are implemented to curb air pollution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Dust and construction controls:<\/strong> Mandatory deployment of anti-smog guns and water sprinklers at large buildings, construction sites, and hotspots; mist sprayers installed on electric poles at 13 major air pollution hotspots.a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"toc5\"><\/a>What should be the way ahead?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A start has been made to recognise the severity of air pollution on the health of the population and the economy. Delhi and Mumbai are the two financial backbones of our country. The following measures need to be undertaken to curb air pollution in Delhi and Mumbai:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Increase the AQI monitoring stations:<\/strong>\u00a0The adequate numbers of AQI monitoring stations as mandated by the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) must be installed. Also, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">sensor based AQI monitoring units<\/span> that give hyperlocal data must be set up.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Enhanced powers to the authorities to take action according to the hyperlocal data: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It will help the authorities take <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">pre-emptive actions<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and allow <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">denser monitoring<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">. For example, if it is found that construction is taking place in a certain pocket without following norms, the authorities can identify the location and immediately penalise the violators. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">National Nodal Authority for Air pollution: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">India needs a <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">nodal authority with constitutional powers<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> to ensure collaborative pre-emptive action on air pollution with timelines for all stakeholders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Setting up Independent commissions for management of AQI: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Independent commissions like the <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) for NCR and adjoining regions<\/span>, should be set up in other major cities like Mumbai and Chennai. It will help in taking actions against the violators irrespective of the geographical region.<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> Regional or airshed approach<\/span> must be used to counter the geographical challenge to air pollution management as done in Los Angeles, Mexico City and many mega-urban regions in China.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Stricter guidelines for industrial emissions:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">SEBI\u2019s Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR) framework<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> can lay down tighter guidelines to ensure uniformity in the unit of reporting pollutant emissions, declaration of air pollution mitigation targets (like companies do for carbon emissions), and reporting of disaggregated emissions data. We must reduce exposure across the value chain from production to consumption to recycling of goods and delivery of services.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Making &#8216;Clean air&#8217; an investment sector: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The push for substitution of fossil fuels will increase investment opportunities in clean energy transition sector like <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">green mobility<\/span>,<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> clean cooking<\/span>. This will open up a new sector for investment and will help in reducing the air pollution simultaneously.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Funds and Manpower Training to combat pollution:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Sixteenth Finance commission should provide finance to urban local bodies for climate change and air pollution reduction interventions<\/span>. <span style=\"color: #000000;\">The urban local bodies manpower must be properly trained and the dysfunctional <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">State pollution Control Boards<\/span> must be empowered to take punitive actions. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Increased awareness and incentive for civil society: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">D<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ifferent stakeholders need to know why cleaning the air will benefit their livelihoods and businesses. For instance,<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> farmers will not curb stubble burning until a viable circular economy<\/span> for alternative uses of biomass emerges. We must adopt sustainable lifestyles which are in line with government\u2019s LiFE initiative.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Increased use of Public transport and reduced dependence on private vehicles:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">The Delhi Master Plan target of 80 per cent of motorised trips<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> by public transport by 2020 has not been met yet. The deadline has been shifted to 2041. This deadline needs to be met by augmenting the public transport system. The private vehicles use must be disincentivized by introducing <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ward-wise parking management area plans<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">parking tax<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">Limit crop residue burning: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">We must implement known solutions like shifting to less water-intensive crops, <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">altering irrigation arrangements<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">, timing, harvesting, baling practices and building a wider year-round market for straw.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">End-to-end construction and waste management:<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> It is pivotal to reducing tonnes of dust and waste released in the air and water bodies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Learnings from London, China, Singapore, Hong Kong must be incorporated:<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\">London does not allow private vehicles in areas well-connected by public transport. China uses<\/span> &#8216;<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">fixed number of car sales per year<\/span>&#8216; <span style=\"color: #000000;\">in Beijing. We must improve the public transport like London, China, Singapore and Hong-Kong.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:\u00a0<\/strong>Air pollution in Delhi is not caused by one single source \u2014 it is a result of vehicles, industries, construction dust, stubble burning, and weather conditions. Solving the crisis requires a <strong data-start=\"3783\" data-end=\"3805\">coordinated effort<\/strong> from the central government, state governments, industries, and the public. Sustainable policies, technological solutions, and behavioral changes are essential to ensure cleaner air for the future.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read More- <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/pratap-bhanu-mehta-writes-in-delhi-and-beyond-toxic-air-is-sustained-by-toxic-politics-10364328\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Indian Express<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>UPSC Syllabus- GS 3- Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download PDF Daily 7 PM Initiative for the day\u00a0 The air pollution in Delhi is again in the news, with the worsening of Delhi&#8217;s air quality. The AQI in certain areas of Delhi has been recorded at its worst in the last 3 years. The choking air pollution has led to the invocation of Graded&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/air-pollution-in-delhi-reasons-and-solutions-explained-pointwise\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Air Pollution In Delhi- Reasons and Solutions- Explained Pointwise<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10391,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-349959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7-pm","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/349959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10391"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=349959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/349959\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=349959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=349959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=349959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}