{"id":353347,"date":"2026-01-06T15:40:23","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T10:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=353347"},"modified":"2026-01-06T15:40:23","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T10:10:23","slug":"353347","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/353347\/","title":{"rendered":"Anti-Defection Law &#038; The Role of Speaker &#8211; Explained Pointwise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Tenth Schedule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Indian Constitution, also known as the <\/span><b>Anti-Defection Law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, was inserted by the <\/span><b>52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, to curb the growing menace of political defections which destabilized governments in the post-1967 era. However, in recent years, the issue has once again taken center stage due to partisan actions by <\/span><b>Legislative Speakers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, resulting in erosion of <\/span><b>democratic values and legal safeguards.\u00a0<\/b><br \/>\nRecently, the Telangana Legislative Assembly&#8217;s Speaker dismissed the petition to disqualify 10 MLAs who have allegedly defected after the 2023 Legislative Assembly election results. His actions have been criticized by the members of the opposition parties of the State as being unilateral &amp; biased.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\"><strong>Table of Content<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"#h1\">What is the Tenth Schedule?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h2\">What is the Significance and Importance of an Independent and Neutral Speaker?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h3\">What are the government Initiatives and institutional Developments?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h4\">What are the challenges to the Autonomy and Integrity of Speaker\u2019s Role?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h5\">What should be the Way Forward?<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b><a id=\"h1\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">What is the Tenth Schedule?<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 10th Schedule of the Constitution, also known as <strong>Anti-Defection Law<\/strong>, addresses disqualification of <\/span><b>MPs and MLAs for defection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a response to the political instability of the late 1960s when <\/span><b>\u201cparty-hopping MLAs\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> toppled multiple state governments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Under the 10th Schedule, a member of either Parliament (MPs) or a State Legislature (MLAs\/MLCs) can be disqualified if:\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Voluntary Resignation:<\/b> They voluntarily give up their membership of the political party on whose ticket they were elected.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Defying the Whip:<\/b> They vote or abstain from voting in the House contrary to the directions (the &#8220;whip&#8221;) issued by their political party without prior permission.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Independent Members:<\/b> An independent candidate joins any political party after being elected.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Nominated Members:<\/b> A nominated member joins a political party after <b data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"68\">six months<\/b> from the date they took their seat.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exceptions:<\/strong>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Merger:<\/b> If at least <b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"20\">two-thirds<\/b> of the members of a legislative party agree to merge with another party, they are not disqualified.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Presiding Officers:<\/b> A person elected as the Speaker or Chairman can resign from their party to maintain neutrality and can rejoin it after they leave the office without facing disqualification.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deciding Authority:<\/strong> The power to decide on disqualification rests with the <b data-path-to-node=\"9\" data-index-in-node=\"55\">Presiding Officer<\/b> of the House (the Speaker in the Lok Sabha\/Assemblies and the Chairman in the Rajya Sabha\/Councils).<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Judicial Review:<\/b> Originally, the law stated the Presiding Officer&#8217;s decision was final and could not be challenged in court. However, in the <b data-path-to-node=\"10,0\" data-index-in-node=\"158\">Kihoto Hollohan case (1992)<\/b>, the Supreme Court ruled that the Speaker acts as a tribunal, meaning their decision is subject to <b data-path-to-node=\"10,0\" data-index-in-node=\"285\">judicial review<\/b> by High Courts and the Supreme Court.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The 91st Amendment (2003): <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Removed the &#8220;Split&#8221; provision:<\/b> Previously, a &#8220;split&#8221; by one-third of a party&#8217;s members was protected. This was removed to prevent mass defections.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Ministerial Limit:<\/b> It capped the total number of ministers (including the PM\/CM) at <b data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"84\">15%<\/b> of the total strength of the Lok Sabha or State Assembly.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Holding Office:<\/b> A member disqualified under the 10th Schedule cannot hold any remunerative political post or ministerial position until they are re-elected.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Evolution of Defection Law<\/b><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 1204px; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid; background-color: #f5f062; border-color: #000000;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%; height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><b>Period<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><b>Development\/Event<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><b>Speaker\u2019s Role<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><b>Examples<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 176px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%; height: 176px;\"><b>1985<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 176px;\"><b>52nd Constitutional Amendment Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> inserts the <\/span><b>Tenth Schedule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> into the Constitution.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 176px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speaker given <\/span><b>sole adjudicatory powers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on disqualification of members.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 176px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speaker acts as <\/span><b>quasi-judicial authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under Tenth Schedule.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 240px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%; height: 240px;\"><b>1992<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 240px;\"><b>Kihoto Hollohan v. Zachillhu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (SC) upholds the <\/span><b>constitutionality of Tenth Schedule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but allows <\/span><b>judicial review<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of Speaker\u2019s decision.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 240px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speaker\u2019s decision subject to <\/span><b>judicial review<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, though he remains the initial authority.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 240px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SC: \u201cSpeaker acts as tribunal; not above the Constitution\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 150px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%; height: 150px;\"><b>1998-2003<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 150px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rise in coalition politics; loopholes like <\/span><b>split (1\/3rd rule)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> used to avoid disqualification.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 150px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speaker&#8217;s bias becomes evident; mass defections legalized under &#8216;split&#8217; provision.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 150px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Goa saw misuse of split clause.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 278px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%; height: 278px;\"><b>2003<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 278px;\"><b>91st Constitutional Amendment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> removes the <\/span><b>split provision (1\/3rd)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and introduces <\/span><b>merger provision (2\/3rd).<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 278px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speaker continues to decide on disqualification, including verifying mergers.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 278px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aimed at tightening law but allowed mass defections under \u2018merger\u2019 loophole.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 180px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%; height: 180px;\"><b>2020<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 180px;\"><b>Keisham Meghachandra v. Speaker, Manipur<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: SC suggests Speaker should not have exclusive powers.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 180px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SC recommends <\/span><b>independent tribunal headed by a retired judge.<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 180px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speaker delayed decision for over 3 years; defector became Minister.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%;\"><b>2023<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SC in <\/span><b>Maharashtra case<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Shinde vs. Thackeray): directs Speaker to decide within reasonable time.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Court sets <\/span><b>specific deadlines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Speaker\u2019s decision.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">October 2023: SC orders Maharashtra Speaker to decide within 2 weeks.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 13.6387%;\"><b>Ongoing Debate<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3613%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Law Commission (1999), Dinesh Goswami Committee (1990), and others suggest reforms.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Push to remove Speaker\u2019s adjudicatory power; proposal for independent authority.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recommendations remain unimplemented; discussed in Presiding Officers&#8217; Conferences.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b><a id=\"h2\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">What is the Significance and Importance of an Independent and Neutral Speaker?<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Guardianship of Legislative Integrity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Speaker is expected to promote <\/span><b>institutional neutrality, rule of law <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and to<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">act as a <\/span><b>quasi-judicial authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under the Tenth Schedule, but when partisanship takes precedence, it <\/span><b>jeopardizes constitutional morality e.g. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 2020 Arunachal Pradesh defection case Supreme Court reiterated, <\/span><b>\u201cneutrality of the Speaker is critical to democratic stability\u201d.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Timely Adjudication and Trust in Institutions<\/b>: The 2023 Constitution Bench in <b>Keisham Meghachandra Singh v. Speaker Manipur<\/b> reiterated that delays in disqualification proceedings violate the <b>spirit of democracy<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Check on Political Horse-trading<\/b>: The absence of an impartial Speaker allows post-election defections to the ruling party, as seen in <b>Karnataka (2019)<\/b> and <b>Goa (2017)<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Constitutional Expectation<\/b>: The Speaker is expected to embody \u201cpropriety and impartiality,\u201d as noted by a five-judge Constitution Bench in May 2023, ensuring the Tenth Schedule\u2019s objective &#8211; to stabilize governments &#8211; is upheld.<\/li>\n<li><b>Judicial Perspective<\/b>: Erstwhile SC justice Gavai\u2019s observation that a <b>speaker\u2019s \u201cindecision\u201d cannot defeat the anti-defection law\u2019s purpose<\/b> emphasizes the need for neutrality. The Supreme Court\u2019s invocation of Article 142 powers in cases of non-compliance further reinforces this.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b><a id=\"h3\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">What are the government Initiatives and institutional Developments?<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b>All India Presiding Officers Conference (2021-2023)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Discussed reforms in Speaker&#8217;s powers under the anti-defection law. Multiple officers expressed that <\/span><b>\u201cSpeakers&#8217; roles must be reviewed\u201d.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003<\/b>: Made merger provisions more stringent by raising the requirement to <b>two-thirds of members<\/b> for party mergers.<\/li>\n<li><b>Supreme Court\u2019s Role as Constitutional Guardian<\/b>: <b>Article 142<\/b> has been invoked to <b>&#8220;ensure justice is not defeated by technicality or partisan silence&#8221;<\/b> &#8211; SC has directed Speakers in <b>Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Telangana<\/b> to act within a &#8220;reasonable time frame.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b><a id=\"h4\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">What are the challenges to the Autonomy and Integrity of Speaker\u2019s Role?<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_331930\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-331930\" style=\"width: 647px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-331930\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Anti-defection-law.png?resize=647%2C456&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Anti defection law\" width=\"647\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Anti-defection-law.png?w=647&amp;ssl=1 647w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Anti-defection-law.png?resize=300%2C211&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-331930\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source- Copyright infringement not intended<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Structural Partisanship &amp; Political Capture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speakers are elected by ruling parties and often act in a politically motivated manner <strong>e<\/strong><\/span><b>.g. Maharashtra defection case (2022)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> where delay benefited defectors who joined the ruling coalition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Procedural Vacuum &amp; Legal Ambiguity: <\/b>The Tenth Schedule is silent on timelines for deciding petitions. Exceptions include <b>a \u201cmerger\u201d where at least two-thirds of a party\u2019s members agree<\/b>, as amended by the 91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 <b>(up from one-third in 1985).<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Limited Jurisdiction &amp; Constitutional Boundaries: <\/b>Courts cannot dictate the decision of the Speaker but can only ensure timely adjudication, limiting judicial recourse.<\/li>\n<li><b>Legal Ambiguities:<\/b> No definition of <b>voluntary giving up membership<\/b> and Whip&#8217;s authority vs. conscience vote conflicts <b>e.g. Average 2.3 years for disqualification decisions (ADR 2022 study), 68% cases decided after MLA&#8217;s term ended (PRS 2023).<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Misuse of Delay to Influence Governance<\/b>: Defectors are inducted as Ministers or enjoy influence before eventual disqualification <b>e.g. Defecting MLAs get ministerial posts in 71% cases (CMS 2021 study), <\/b>only 12% of defectors lost subsequent elections <b>(Trivedi Centre 2023).<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Democratic Fatigue &amp; Electoral Cynicism: <\/b>Frequent defections with impunity undermine public faith in electoral processes.<\/li>\n<li><b>Institutional Opacity &amp; Role Ambiguity:<\/b> No penalties or disciplinary procedures exist for Speakers who delay decisions.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b><a id=\"h5\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\">What should be the Way Forward?<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Independent Tribunal Mechanism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Establish a <\/span><b>neutral tribunal headed by retired judges<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to decide disqualification pleas, as recommended by <\/span><b>Law Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>NCRWC<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Statutory Timeline for Decision<\/b><span>: Amend the law to provide a <\/span><b>maximum of 60 days<\/b><span> to decide defection cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Code of Conduct for Presiding Officers<\/b><span>: Create binding <\/span><b>norms and codes<\/b><span> for neutrality and accountability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Constitutional Remedy &amp; Democratic Safeguard: <\/b><span>Allow courts to intervene if decisions are unduly delayed, using <\/span><b>Article 142<\/b><span> for enforcing timelines.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Public Accountability and Electoral Penalty<\/b><span>: Launch civic education campaigns and promote electoral punishment for defectors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Strengthening Intra-Party Democracy<\/b><span>: Empower parties to uphold ideological integrity and reduce dependence on post-election deals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Global Best Practices:<\/b>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><b>UK and Canada<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Speakers are strictly non-partisan and elected by a secret ballot across party lines.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><b>South Africa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a Judicial Commission handles defection matters, not the Speaker.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Committees Recommendations:<\/b>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Dinesh Goswami Committee (1990)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Law Commission\u2019s 170th Report (1999)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> recommended divesting the Speaker of adjudicatory powers under the Tenth Schedule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>NITI Aayog and National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have advocated for setting up an independent tribunal headed by a retired judge.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong>: In the words of SC, &#8220;It is about time that the Parliament review its expectation that the Assembly Speakers &amp; Chairmen will live up to the dignity of their high office &amp; crush the evil of political defection by deciding disqualification proceedings against legislators in time &amp; without favour&#8221;.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>Read more<\/strong>&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/court-has-the-power-and-duty-to-ensure-tenth-schedule-is-not-reduced-to-a-mockery-supreme-court-says\/article69407687.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>UPSC Syllabus- GS 2- <\/strong>Indian Constitution\u2014historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Tenth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, also known as the Anti-Defection Law, was inserted by the 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985, to curb the growing menace of political defections which destabilized governments in the post-1967 era. However, in recent years, the issue has once again taken center stage due to partisan actions by Legislative&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/353347\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Anti-Defection Law &#038; The Role of Speaker &#8211; Explained Pointwise<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10391,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-353347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7-pm","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353347","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10391"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=353347"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353347\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=353347"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=353347"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=353347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}