{"id":360910,"date":"2026-04-16T15:38:08","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T10:08:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=360910"},"modified":"2026-04-16T15:38:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T10:08:08","slug":"two-tier-unsc-reform-and-g4-proposal-on-unsc-reforms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/two-tier-unsc-reform-and-g4-proposal-on-unsc-reforms\/","title":{"rendered":"Two-Tier UNSC Reform and G4 Proposal on UNSC Reforms"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>News: <\/strong>India has firmly opposed the creation of a \u201ctwo-tier\u201d system of permanent membership in a reformed UNSC and express support for a compromise proposal by the G4 group.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">About Two-Tier UNSC Reform and G4 Proposal on UNSC Reforms<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 457px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Groups-for-UNSC-Reforms.jpg?resize=750%2C435&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Two-tier UNSC reform and G4 proposal on UNSC reforms\" width=\"457\" height=\"265\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: United Nations University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>About Two-Tier UNSC Reform<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The <strong>United Nations<\/strong> recently proposed <strong>a two-tier permanent membership level<\/strong> in the United Nations Security Council (<strong>UNSC<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Under this system,<strong> a new category of permanent members<\/strong> will be created <strong>without veto rights<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>This is proposed as a way to <strong>&#8220;expand&#8221; the Council without changing the decision-making authority of the five permanent members (P5).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>India&#8217;s stand<\/strong>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>This reform was<strong> opposed by India<\/strong> on the rationale that the creation of a new <strong>category of permanent members without veto powers<\/strong> would <strong>complicate negotiations <\/strong>that involve wide-ranging views and would <strong>further institutionalise unequal representation.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Outdated structure:<\/strong> India also emphasised that the <strong>current structure<\/strong> of the UNSC, which was designed over 80 years ago, is <strong>no longer reflecting the contemporary geopolitical realities.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>India also <strong>raised the issue of the &#8220;effective veto&#8221;<\/strong> as there have been instances in the past where <strong>elected members have created hurdles<\/strong> by <strong>exercising their effective veto<\/strong> on Council products <strong>only to serve their narrow vested interests.<\/strong>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Effective veto:<\/strong> It is<strong> veto power<\/strong> enjoyed by every <strong>United Nations Security Council member, elected and non-elected, on products\/outcomes<\/strong> such as the Security Council presidential statements, the Press Statements and Sanctions Committees.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reform suggested by the G4 group<\/strong>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The G4 group proposed a compromise proposal that <strong>newly added permanent members would not exercise the veto<\/strong> until a decision on the <strong>matter is reached during a 15-year review<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>This proposal aimed <strong>at breaking the longstanding deadlock in negotiations<\/strong> on UNSC reforms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">About G4 Grouping<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>About:<\/strong>\u00a0The G4 is a coalition of<strong> four nations &#8211;<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>India,\u00a0Brazil,\u00a0Germany, and\u00a0Japan\u00a0<\/strong>seeking permanent membership in the <strong>UNSC<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Formation:<\/strong> It was formed in <strong>2005.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Objectives:<\/strong>\u00a0Key objectives of the G4 include:\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Expansion of both permanent and non-permanent categories of UNSC membership<\/strong>, allowing for more equitable representation.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Securing permanent membership<\/strong> for themselves, while supporting reforms that would also enhance the representation of Africa, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America in the Council.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Addressing the stagnation in the Intergovernmental Negotiations (IGN) process<\/strong> on Security Council reform and pushing for the start of text-based negotiations to expedite the reform process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News: India has firmly opposed the creation of a \u201ctwo-tier\u201d system of permanent membership in a reformed UNSC and express support for a compromise proposal by the G4 group. About Two-Tier UNSC Reform and G4 Proposal on UNSC Reforms About Two-Tier UNSC Reform The United Nations recently proposed a two-tier permanent membership level in the&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/two-tier-unsc-reform-and-g4-proposal-on-unsc-reforms\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Two-Tier UNSC Reform and G4 Proposal on UNSC Reforms<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10366,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,164,1236,12039],"tags":[11872,11853],"class_list":["post-360910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-international-relations-daily-factly-articles","category-international-organisations","category-knolls","tag-9pm-daily-factly","tag-dd-news","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10366"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=360910"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360910\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=360910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=360910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=360910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}