{"id":362383,"date":"2026-05-07T15:44:28","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T10:14:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=362383"},"modified":"2026-05-07T15:45:28","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T10:15:28","slug":"india-vietnam-relations-explained-pointwise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-vietnam-relations-explained-pointwise\/","title":{"rendered":"India-Vietnam Relations &#8211; Explained Pointwise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Vietnamese President is on an official visit to India, during which the two sides elevated their bilateral relations to the level of an \u201c<strong>Elevated Comprehensive Partnership<\/strong>\u201d and signed 13 agreements, including one on critical minerals. Both countries also decided to set a new bilateral trade target of <strong>$25 billion by 2030<\/strong> and enhance defence procurement cooperation between them.<br \/>\nVietnam is a major pillar of India&#8217;s &#8216;<strong>Act East Policy<\/strong>&#8216; and &#8216;<strong>Vision MAHASAGAR<\/strong>&#8216;. India also seeks to expand its ties with ASEAN through its relations with Vietnam. Moreover, both the countries have a common outlook in the field of Indo-Pacific.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_362391\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-362391\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-362391 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/VN-India-trade.jpg?resize=750%2C422&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"India-Vietnam Relations\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/VN-India-trade.jpg?w=900&amp;ssl=1 900w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/VN-India-trade.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/VN-India-trade.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-362391\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Bharat Shakti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\"><strong>Table of Content<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"#h1\">Evolution of India-Vietnam relations<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h2\">What is the significance of India-Vietnam relationship?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h3\">What are the challenges in India-Vietnam relationship?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h4\">What are the various initiatives undertaken to boost the India-Vietnam relationship?<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#h5\">What should be the way forward?<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><a id=\"h1\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><\/a>Evolution of India-Vietnam relations:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #f5f4b0;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.01945%;\"><strong>Anti-Colonial Roots<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 96.9806%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"citation-43\">The bond was forged between <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"3,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"49\"><span class=\"citation-43\">Mahatma Gandhi<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-43\"> and <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"3,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"68\"><span class=\"citation-43\">Ho Chi Minh<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-43 citation-end-43\">, who shared a mutual struggle against colonial rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>India was a crucial supporter of Vietnam during its war for independence from France. It served as the Chair of the <strong>International Commission for Supervision and Control (ICSC)<\/strong> formed by the 1954 <strong>Geneva Accord<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.01945%;\"><strong>1970s<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 96.9806%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"citation-43\"><span class=\"citation-40\">Full diplomatic relations were established in <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"3,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"68\"><span class=\"citation-40\">1972<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-40 citation-end-40\">.<\/span> <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"citation-43\">India remained one of the few countries to support Vietnam during its <strong>1979<\/strong> conflict with China and its subsequent international isolation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>India was also one of the few non-communist countries to condemn the U.S. action during the Vietnam War.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.01945%;\"><strong>1990s<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 96.9806%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"citation-43\"><span class=\"citation-40\"><b data-path-to-node=\"3,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-39 citation-end-39\">Look East Policy (1992):<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-38 citation-end-38\"> Following India&#8217;s economic liberalization, Vietnam became a focal point of India\u2019s &#8220;Look East Policy,&#8221; shifting the relationship from purely ideological to economic and strategic.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.01945%;\"><strong>2000s-Now<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 96.9806%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"citation-43\"><span class=\"citation-40\"><span class=\"citation-39 citation-end-39\"><b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-35\">2007:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-35\"> Establishment of a <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"25\"><span class=\"citation-35\">Strategic Partnership<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-35 citation-end-35\">, expanding cooperation into defense and security.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"7,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-34\">2016:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-34\"> Elevation to <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"7,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"19\"><span class=\"citation-34\">Comprehensive Strategic Partnership<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-34 citation-end-34\"> (CSP) during PM Modi\u2019s visit to Hanoi\u2014a status Vietnam shares with only a few countries like Russia, China, and the US.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"183\"><span class=\"citation-44\">2026:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-44\"> The relationship has reached a new peak with the elevation to an <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"258\"><span class=\"citation-44 citation-end-44\">Enhanced Comprehensive Strategic Partnership.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"h2\"><\/a>What is the significance of India-Vietnam relationship?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Strategic &amp; Security Significance:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Vietnam is the most critical pillar of India\u2019s <b data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"58\">&#8220;Act East Policy.&#8221;<\/b> A strong relationship with Vietnam allows India to maintain a strategic presence in the South China Sea, ensuring that the <strong>Indo-Pacific<\/strong>\u00a0remains free and open.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"citation-88 citation-end-88\">India is viewed as a &#8220;<strong>trusted friend<\/strong>&#8221; and a reliable source of defense modernization.<\/span> By collaborating with India on <b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"130\">BrahMos missiles<\/b> and maritime surveillance, Vietnam diversifies its security dependencies and strengthens its &#8220;<strong>Four No&#8217;s<\/strong>&#8221; defense policy <em>(no part in military alliances, no siding with one country against another, no foreign bases on its territory, and no use of force in international relations)<\/em>. This allows Vietnam to balance its complex relationship with China without becoming dependent on any single patron.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Economic Significance:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"citation-86\"><strong>Supply Chain Resilience<\/strong>: In 2026, both nations signed a landmark MoU on <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"72\"><span class=\"citation-86\">Rare Earths and Critical Minerals<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-86 citation-end-86\">.<\/span> This is a direct move to reduce reliance on Chinese monopolies and secure the raw materials needed for high-tech industries like EVs and semiconductors.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"25\"><span class=\"citation-85\">Trade Complementarity: Vietnam<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-85 citation-end-85\"> imports Indian raw materials (iron, steel, cotton) and pharmaceuticals to fuel its manufacturing boom. <b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">India<\/b> imports electronics, mobile components, and chemicals from Vietnam to support its digital infrastructure.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"7,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Digital Connectivity:<\/b><span class=\"citation-84\"> The linking of India\u2019s <\/span><b data-path-to-node=\"7,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"45\"><span class=\"citation-84\">UPI<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-84 citation-end-84\"> with Vietnam\u2019s payment systems in 2026 has revolutionized trade for small businesses and tourists alike.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-82\">Voice of the Global South:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-82 citation-end-82\"> As two of the world&#8217;s fastest-growing economies in 2026, they use their partnership to champion the interests of developing nations at the UN and ASEAN.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Gateway to ASEAN:<\/b> Vietnam is one of ASEAN&#8217;s most dynamic and influential members. A strong partnership with Vietnam serves as a key bridge for India to deepen its economic, strategic, and cultural engagement with the entire 10-nation bloc. Conversely, India provides Vietnam with a massive consumer market and a strategic partner in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Defense and Security Cooperation<\/strong>: Defence &amp; security cooperation is a key pillar in India-Vietnam Comprehensive Strategic partnership. Vietnam is India&#8217;s most trusted defense partner in Southeast Asia. This cooperation helps India gain valuable operational experience in the region, test its military hardware, and build the capacity of a like-minded nation.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-81\">Civilizational Ties:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"citation-81\"> The shared Buddhist heritage<\/span><span class=\"citation-81 citation-end-81\">\u00a0provides a layer of &#8220;soft power&#8221; that ensures public support for political and military alliances.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"h3\"><\/a>What are the challenges in India-Vietnam relationship?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Untapped Trade Potential<\/strong>: Bilateral trade remains well below its potential. The target of $15 billion has been repeatedly pushed back. Moreover, India faces a <strong>trade deficit<\/strong> with Vietnam, with Vietnamese exports (electronics, machinery) outpacing Indian exports.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tariff &amp; Non-Tariff Barriers<\/strong>: The ASEAN-India Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA) has uneven tariff coverage, with many products still in sensitive categories. Beyond tariffs, non-tariff barriers &#8211; including differences in technical standards, complex certification procedures, and regulatory frictions &#8211; significantly raise transaction costs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Logistical Inefficiencies<\/strong>: Limited direct shipping links and weak maritime connectivity result in high logistics costs, making bilateral trade less competitive compared to trade with nations having better infrastructure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lack of Direct Links<\/strong>: The two countries are separated by the Bay of Bengal and lack direct land or efficient sea routes. While a\u00a0<strong>Trilateral Highway<\/strong> connecting India, Myanmar, and Thailand is under development, its proposed eastward extension to Vietnam remains in the planning phase with no direct projects currently implemented.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Economic Dependency:<\/b> Despite strategic friction, China remains Vietnam\u2019s largest trading partner and a major source of FDI. Vietnam must balance its security ties with India against the risk of economic retaliation from Beijing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vietnam&#8217;s Balancing Act<\/strong>: Vietnam&#8217;s foreign policy is built on &#8220;diversification&#8221; and avoiding over-dependence on any single power. While it has a <strong>Comprehensive Strategic Partnership<\/strong> with India, it has also recently upgraded its relationship with China to a &#8220;<strong>Community with a Shared Future<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Defense and Arms Supply Challenges<\/strong>: While India has supplied defense equipment, <strong>competition from Russia, Israel, and the US<\/strong> limits India&#8217;s defense market share in Vietnam. India&#8217;s own defense industrial capacity and export infrastructure are still maturing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limited People-to-People and Cultural Exchange<\/strong>: Despite ancient civilizational links (Cham culture, Buddhism), <strong>contemporary awareness<\/strong> of each other in both societies is limited. The Indian diaspora in Vietnam is small, reducing the people-to-people bridge compared to India&#8217;s ties with, say, Singapore or the US.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"h4\"><\/a>What are the various initiatives undertaken to boost the India-Vietnam relationship?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e6ed93;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.57011%;\"><strong>Political Cooperation\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 90.4299%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Elevated Partnership (2026)<\/strong>: The relationship was formalized as an &#8220;Enhanced Comprehensive Strategic Partnership,&#8221; marking a significant upgrade from the 2016 Comprehensive Strategic Partnership.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">2+2 Ministerial Dialogue:<\/b> India and Vietnam have established a <b data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"63\">Strategic Diplomacy-Defense Dialogue (2+2)<\/b> involving their Foreign and Defense Ministers. This elite diplomatic format is shared by India with only a handful of partners like the US and Japan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.57011%;\"><strong>Economic &amp; Trade Cooperation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 90.4299%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"8,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Trade Target:<\/b> The bilateral trade target has been raised to <b data-path-to-node=\"8,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"60\">$25 billion by 2030.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">UPI-VietQR Interoperability:<\/b> In a landmark move for 2026, India&#8217;s <b data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"66\">NIPL<\/b> and Vietnam\u2019s <b data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"85\">NAPAS<\/b> signed an agreement to link their payment systems. This allows for seamless cross-border QR code payments, benefiting tourists and small businesses.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">IT and Software Services:<\/b> An MoU between the <b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"45\">Ministry of Electronics &amp; IT (India)<\/b> and the <b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"76\">Ministry of Science and Technology (Vietnam)<\/b> focuses on deep-tech collaboration, specifically in <b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"173\">AI, cybersecurity,<\/b> and <b data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"196\">semiconductor supply chains.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Rare Earths Partnership:<\/b> MoU was signed between India and Vietnam\u2019s <b data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"91\">ITRRE<\/b> for the joint exploration and processing of <b data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"141\">rare earth elements<\/b>. Vietnam holds the world&#8217;s second-largest reserves, and this partnership is designed to build a non-China-dependent supply chain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.57011%;\"><strong>Defense and Strategic Security Cooperation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 90.4299%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Shared Vision 2030<\/strong>: Defence cooperation is guided by the &#8220;Joint Vision Statement on India-Viet Nam Defence Partnership towards 2030,&#8221; focusing on capacity building, joint exercises, and industry collaboration.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">BrahMos Missile Deal:<\/b> Negotiations for the sale of the <b data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"55\">BrahMos supersonic cruise missile<\/b> (valued at approximately <b data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"114\">$629 million<\/b>) have entered their final stages, signaling a shift from capacity building to active deterrence cooperation.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"6,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Naval Support:<\/b> India is moving forward with a <b data-path-to-node=\"6,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"46\">$500 million defense credit line<\/b>, which includes the construction of <b data-path-to-node=\"6,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"115\">14 high-speed patrol boats<\/b> and potential upgrades for Vietnamese Navy ships and submarines.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"6,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI):<\/b> Vietnam officially joined the <b data-path-to-node=\"6,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"69\">IPOI<\/b> in 2026, aligning with India&#8217;s vision for maritime security and disaster management in the region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.57011%;\"><strong>Cultural Cooperation\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 90.4299%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Preserving Heritage:<\/b> India is funding the <b data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"42\">digitization and preservation of ancient Cham manuscripts<\/b> (of Indian origin) found in Vietnam, reinforcing the historical civilizational link.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Academic Chairs:<\/b> New <b data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"21\">India Studies Chairs<\/b> have been established at the University of Da Nang and in Ho Chi Minh City by the ICCR.<\/li>\n<li><b data-path-to-node=\"10,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Nalanda University Link:<\/b> An agreement between <b data-path-to-node=\"10,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"46\">Nalanda University<\/b> and Vietnam\u2019s <b data-path-to-node=\"10,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"79\">Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics<\/b> has been launched to train Vietnamese officials and researchers in public policy and governance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a id=\"h5\"><\/a>What should be the way forward?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Institutionalizing the Relationship:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Hold <strong>annual summit-level meetings<\/strong> (not just on sidelines of multilateral forums) to sustain political momentum.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Establish a <strong>Joint Strategic Vision Committee<\/strong> at the foreign minister level with quarterly reviews.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Create a <strong>Track 1.5 \/ Track 2 dialogue mechanism<\/strong> involving think tanks, retired diplomats, and business leaders from both sides to generate fresh ideas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Boost Economic Ties, Trade and Investment<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Set <strong>realistic, time-bound trade targets<\/strong> (e.g., $20 billion by 2028) with sector-specific roadmaps.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Reduce the <strong>trade deficit<\/strong> by promoting Indian pharmaceuticals, IT services, machinery, and agricultural products in Vietnam.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Encourage Indian companies \u2014 especially in <strong>electronics, textiles, and manufacturing<\/strong> \u2014 to set up supply chain operations in Vietnam as part of China+1 diversification strategies.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Establish a <strong>Fast Track Investment Mechanism<\/strong> for Indian businesses similar to what Japan and South Korea enjoy in Vietnam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deepening Defense and Security Cooperation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Expedite BrahMos missile transfer<\/strong> \u2014 finalizing and delivering the BrahMos missile system to Vietnam would be a landmark signal of strategic trust and India&#8217;s emergence as a credible defense exporter.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Expand joint naval exercises<\/strong> in the South China Sea to enhance interoperability and signal shared commitment to freedom of navigation.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Offer Made-in-India defense platforms<\/strong> \u2014 patrol vessels, radars, and ammunition \u2014 under favorable financing to reduce Vietnam&#8217;s dependence on Russia (especially post-Ukraine war disruptions to Russian arms supplies).<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Establish a <strong>bilateral defense industry working group<\/strong> to co-develop or co-produce equipment suited to Vietnam&#8217;s operational needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enhancing Physical and Digital Connectivity<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Push for <strong>direct shipping lines<\/strong> between Indian ports (Chennai, Vishakhapatnam) and Vietnamese ports (Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang).<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Increase <strong>direct flight connectivity<\/strong> between major Indian and Vietnamese cities to boost tourism and business travel.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Collaborate on <strong>digital public infrastructure<\/strong> \u2014 India can export its UPI, Aadhaar-equivalent, and digital governance frameworks to Vietnam, which is rapidly digitizing.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Explore a <strong>India-Vietnam digital corridor<\/strong> for fintech, e-commerce, and startup ecosystems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Strengthening Multilateral Alignment:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Coordinate positions at <strong>ASEAN, East Asia Summit, UNCLOS tribunals, and the UN<\/strong> more systematically.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">India should reconsider or find <strong>alternative pathways to RCEP<\/strong> participation, or negotiate bilateral trade enhancements that compensate for its absence.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Work together on <strong>reformed multilateralism<\/strong> \u2014 UNSC reform, WTO modernization, and climate finance \u2014 where both have convergent interests.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Expanding People-to-People and Cultural Ties:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Significantly <strong>increase scholarships<\/strong> for Vietnamese students at Indian universities, especially in STEM, medicine, and business.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Promote <strong>Buddhist cultural diplomacy,<\/strong>\u00a0joint restoration projects, pilgrimages, and cultural festivals can build lasting bonds.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Establish <strong>Indian Cultural Centers<\/strong> in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City and Vietnamese cultural centers in Delhi and Mumbai.<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Support <strong>Yoga, Ayurveda, and Indian soft power<\/strong> more actively in Vietnam, where there is growing interest.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">UPSC GS-2: International Relations<br \/>\nRead More: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/india-vietnam-elevate-ties-to-enhanced-comprehensive-strategic-partnership-10676775\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Indian Express<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Vietnamese President is on an official visit to India, during which the two sides elevated their bilateral relations to the level of an \u201cElevated Comprehensive Partnership\u201d and signed 13 agreements, including one on critical minerals. Both countries also decided to set a new bilateral trade target of $25 billion by 2030 and enhance defence&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-vietnam-relations-explained-pointwise\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">India-Vietnam Relations &#8211; Explained Pointwise<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10391,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-362383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7-pm","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/362383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10391"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=362383"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/362383\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=362383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=362383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=362383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}