{"id":369985,"date":"2026-08-21T15:49:46","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T10:19:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=369985"},"modified":"2026-08-21T15:49:46","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T10:19:46","slug":"definition-of-industry-and-triple-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/definition-of-industry-and-triple-test\/","title":{"rendered":"Definition of \u2018Industry\u2019 and \u2018Triple Test\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"content-box-green\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>News: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court has held that the broad definition of the term \u201cIndustry\u201d and triple test laid down in its landmark 1978 Bangalore Water Supply judgement is the correct interpretation under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"red-h2-box\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>About Definition of \u2018Industry\u2019 and \u2018Triple Test\u2019\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_370002\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-370002\" style=\"width: 369px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-370002\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Source-King-Stubb.jpg?resize=369%2C181&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Definition of \u2018Industry\u2019 and \u2018Triple Test\u2019\u00a0\" width=\"369\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Source-King-Stubb.jpg?resize=300%2C147&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Source-King-Stubb.jpg?resize=768%2C377&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Source-King-Stubb.jpg?w=1023&amp;ssl=1 1023w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-370002\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source &#8211; King Stubb<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Recent SC Judgement:<\/strong> The Supreme Court held that the broad interpretation of \u201c<strong>Industry<\/strong>\u201d in its landmark <strong>1978<\/strong> <em><strong>Bangalore Water Supply judgment<\/strong><\/em> remains <strong>valid<\/strong> under the <strong>Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <strong>definition<\/strong> of <\/span>an<b> \u201cindustry\u201d <\/b>determines<b> employees <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">under which <strong>workplaces<\/strong> are<strong> entitled to statutory protections.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Earlier<\/strong>, it was <strong>defined<\/strong> unde<\/span>r<b> previous Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and now under the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The wide net cast by the <strong>1978<\/strong> definition<strong> enabled workers to have a legal recourse regarding wages, working hours, strikes and protection<\/strong> against <strong>arbitrary dismissal<\/strong>, among other things.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court clarified that <strong>future disputes will be governed by the Industrial Relations Code, 2020.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It said the <strong>new Code<\/strong> will have to be <strong>interpreted on the basis of its own text and context<\/strong> and the <strong>Bangalore Water Supply judgement<\/strong> will <strong>not govern<\/strong> its interpretation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All <strong>matters presently<\/strong> pending before courts, governors, labor authorities, or other forums under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 may be<strong> adjudicated in accordance with the &#8216;triple test&#8217;<\/strong> as laid down in<strong> Bangalore Water Supply.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>&#8216;Triple test&#8217; for identifying an industry<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It held that an<\/span><b> undertaking would qualify as an industry if:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">it was <strong>organised and systematic<\/strong>;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">there was <strong>cooperation<\/strong> between <strong>employers and employees<\/strong>; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">it involved the\u00a0 <strong>production and\/or distribution of goods or services<\/strong> calculated to satisfy human wants and wishes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The court said<strong> it did not matter whether the activity is driven by profit<\/strong>, though purely <strong>spiritual or religious activities would not be covered<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News: The Supreme Court has held that the broad definition of the term \u201cIndustry\u201d and triple test laid down in its landmark 1978 Bangalore Water Supply judgement is the correct interpretation under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. About Definition of \u2018Industry\u2019 and \u2018Triple Test\u2019\u00a0 Recent SC Judgement: The Supreme Court held that the broad interpretation&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/definition-of-industry-and-triple-test\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Definition of \u2018Industry\u2019 and \u2018Triple Test\u2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10366,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,1760,12039],"tags":[11872,10500],"class_list":["post-369985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-polity-and-nation","category-knolls","tag-9pm-daily-factly","tag-indian-express","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/369985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10366"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=369985"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/369985\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=369985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=369985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=369985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}