{"id":372591,"date":"2026-09-26T12:58:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T07:28:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=372591"},"modified":"2026-09-26T12:58:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T07:28:16","slug":"dilution-refrigerators","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/dilution-refrigerators\/","title":{"rendered":"Dilution Refrigerators"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"content-box-green\">\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> DRDO has signed its first high-value deep-tech TDF agreement with Zero mK India to develop an indigenous 20 mK dilution refrigerator.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"red-h2-box\">About Dilution Refrigerator<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_372637\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-372637\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-372637\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Source-ORNL.jpg?resize=300%2C201&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Dilution Refrigerator\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Source-ORNL.jpg?resize=300%2C201&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Source-ORNL.jpg?resize=768%2C514&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Source-ORNL.jpg?w=791&amp;ssl=1 791w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-372637\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source &#8211; ORNL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dilution refrigerators<\/strong> are <strong>specialised cryogenic systems.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It capable of <strong>achieving extremely low temperatures in the millikelvin range<\/strong>, from just above <strong>absolute zero up to 1 kelvin(K)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Working Mechanism:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Helium mixture:<\/strong> The refrigerator uses a <strong>mixture of helium-3 (\u00b3He) and helium-4 (\u2074He) to achieve extremely low temperatures.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Phase separation:<\/strong> Below 0.87 K, a mixture of helium-3 (\u00b3He) and helium-4 (\u2074He) separates into a concentrated phase and a dilute phase.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Helium-3 movement:<\/strong> When <strong>helium-3 moves from the concentrated phase into the dilute phase,<\/strong> more helium-3 moves across to replace it.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cooling:<\/strong> This <strong>movement of helium-3 removes heat<\/strong> from the system, producing the extremely low temperatures required by the refrigerator.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Applications:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Quantum applications:<\/strong> It supports the <strong>operation and testing of quantum computing platforms<\/strong> and associated quantum technologies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cryogenic Infrastructureand:<\/strong> Indigenous development can help <strong>reduce dependence on imported cryogenic infrastructure <\/strong>and strengthen the <strong>domestic quantum technology ecosystem<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"yellow-h2-box\">DRDO\u2013Zero mK India Project<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>DRDO has signed an agreement with Zero mK India Private Ltd<\/strong>., <strong>Alwar, Rajasthan<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>20 mK capability:<\/strong> The proposed <strong>refrigerator is designed to achieve 20 mK.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>TDF support:<\/strong> It is the <strong>first high-value agreement under the \u20b9500 crore corpus<\/strong> approved for deep-tech and cutting-edge projects under the <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/technology-development-fund-tdf-scheme\/\"><strong>Technology Development Fund (TDF) scheme.<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Strategic objective:<\/strong> The project <strong>aligns with the National Quantum Mission<\/strong> and <strong>strengthens India\u2019s capabilities in quantum technology, advanced cryogenics and strategic technologies.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News: DRDO has signed its first high-value deep-tech TDF agreement with Zero mK India to develop an indigenous 20 mK dilution refrigerator. About Dilution Refrigerator Dilution refrigerators are specialised cryogenic systems. It capable of achieving extremely low temperatures in the millikelvin range, from just above absolute zero up to 1 kelvin(K) Working Mechanism: Helium mixture:&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/dilution-refrigerators\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Dilution Refrigerators<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10401,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,1738,12039],"tags":[11872],"class_list":["post-372591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-science-and-technology-daily-factly-articles","category-knolls","tag-9pm-daily-factly","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10401"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=372591"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/372591\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=372591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=372591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=372591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}