{"id":374300,"date":"2026-10-23T14:13:50","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T08:43:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/?p=374300"},"modified":"2026-10-23T14:13:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T08:43:50","slug":"karst-mud-volcano-complex-of-baratang-and-andaman-subduction-volcanoes-in-the-andaman-and-nicobar-islands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/karst-mud-volcano-complex-of-baratang-and-andaman-subduction-volcanoes-in-the-andaman-and-nicobar-islands\/","title":{"rendered":"Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang and Andaman Subduction Volcanoes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"content-box-green\">\n<p><b>News:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Three Indian sites have been added to UNESCO&#8217;s World Heritage Tentative List, Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang and Andaman Subduction Volcanoes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are two among them.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"red-h2-box\"><b>About Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 237px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRy1AxCW7fZsI2atf3fQruL-0JxRflwaQ3SzYfLsqQ5ZMGKdtKdjgQiu-c&amp;s=10\" alt=\"Baratang's Karst-Mud -Volcano Complex \" width=\"237\" height=\"298\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: News On Air<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Location:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <strong>Karst\u2013Mud-Volcano Complex<\/strong> is located in the<strong> Andaman and Nicobar Islands.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Distinct Geological Features:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The site is known for its<strong> limestone caves and mud volcanoes.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Baratang Mud Volcanoes:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> These are<\/span><b> locally <\/b>known as <b><i>Jalki<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0 These are <\/span>significant examples of<b> seismically triggered mud volcanism.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Unlike<\/strong> <strong>igneous<\/strong> volcanoes, they<strong> release cool slurries of mud, water and gases, mainly methane and hydrogen sulphide.<\/strong> <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These<strong> materials are driven upward by the diapiric movement of overpressured shale layers<\/strong> rather than by magma.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <strong>mud volcanoes form low cones, bubbling pools and dried crater fields.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Limestone Caves:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The region <\/span><b>contains the largest underground cave complex in the area, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with numerous limestone caves spread across approximately <strong>one sq. km<\/strong>.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These <\/span><b>caves formed over time as water dissolved the limestone, creating chambers and mineral formations.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Significance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The site is <strong>important for scientific research.<\/strong> <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, <strong>formations inside Mahadev Gupha cave<\/strong> have been studied to obtain clues about India&#8217;s summer monsoon patterns over several centuries.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"content-box-yellow yellow-h2-box\"><b>About Andaman Subduction Volcanoes\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 277px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRKLvZOEB1HRZeP0sYDJiDczMeX_2xfCiwaxCmh7gCyPOYt3oxQU313CG3n&amp;s=10\" alt=\"Andaman Subduction Volcanoes\" width=\"277\" height=\"348\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: News On Air<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Location:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 <strong>Andaman Subduction Volcanoes<\/strong> are located<\/span> in the<b> Andaman and Nicobar Islands.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It includes <\/span><b>Barren and Narcondam Islands.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Both are part of the Andaman group.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They are the <\/span><b>only Quaternary-period (the last ~2.6 million years) subduction volcanoes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the inner volcanic arc chain of the Burma-Andaman-Java complex.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>About Barren Island:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Barren Island<\/strong> is <\/span>situated approximately<b> 138 km northeast of Sri Vijayapuram in the Andaman Sea.<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span>lies<b> above the oceanic crust.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It features a <\/span><b>2-km-wide caldera<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> formed by the collapse of a stratovolcano during the Pleistocene epoch.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Chemical compositions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its lavas <\/span><b>are recorded to be mainly basalts and basaltic andesites.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Volcano Type: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It hosts<\/span><b> India\u2019s only confirmed active volcano,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with eruptions recorded since 1787 and more recent activity reported in 2025 and early 2026.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was<\/span><b> declared a Geo-heritage site by the Geological Survey of India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(GSI) in <strong>2025<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>About Narcondam Island:\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Narcondam <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Island is located about 240 km northeast of <\/span><b>Sri Vijayapuram (Port Blair) in the Andaman Islands, in the Bay of Bengal.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span><b>lies closer to the margin of Asia,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with <\/span><b>continental-to-transitional crust beneath.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It shows <\/span><b>signs of recent uplift, including a hanging valley, radially arranged drainage and steep coastal cliffs.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its <\/span><b>summit has no crater but contains three hummocks,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which are remnants of earlier eruptions.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Chemical compositions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Narcondam rocks are<\/span><b> dacite-andesite-rhyolite and contain evidence of magma mixing of both mantle and crustal material.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Fauna: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is home to the<\/span><b> Narcondam hornbill, a bird found nowhere else in the world.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The island also has strict access restrictions, so it is not a regular tourist destination.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Island has been <\/span><b>identified as an Important Bird Area <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by BirdLife International and the Bombay Natural History Society <\/span>and as a <b>Key Biodiversity Area.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>News: Three Indian sites have been added to UNESCO&#8217;s World Heritage Tentative List, Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang and Andaman Subduction Volcanoes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are two among them.\u00a0 About Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang\u00a0 Location: The Karst\u2013Mud-Volcano Complex is located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Distinct Geological Features: The site is known&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/karst-mud-volcano-complex-of-baratang-and-andaman-subduction-volcanoes-in-the-andaman-and-nicobar-islands\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang and Andaman Subduction Volcanoes in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10366,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566,11212,12039,11211],"tags":[11872,10752],"class_list":["post-374300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily-factly-articles","category-history-and-art-culture-in-news","category-knolls","category-places-in-news","tag-9pm-daily-factly","tag-ndtv","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10366"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=374300"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374300\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=374300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=374300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=374300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}