{"id":42644,"date":"2019-03-02T13:30:36","date_gmt":"2019-03-02T08:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=42644"},"modified":"2019-03-02T10:16:11","modified_gmt":"2019-03-02T04:46:11","slug":"answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-1-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/answers-mains-marathon-upsc-mains-current-affairs-questions-march-1-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 1, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Archives<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Q.1) Critically examine cause and consequences of child marriage in India. What are the steps taken by government to stop child marriage?<\/b><\/p>\n

Answer:<\/b><\/p>\n

Child Marriage is defined as a marriage of a girl or boy before the age of 18 and refers to both formal marriages and informal unions in which children under the age of 18 live with a partner as if married.<\/span><\/p>\n

Causes of child marriage:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. In communities where the practice is prevalent, marrying a girl as a child is part of a cluster of social norms and attitudes that reflect the low value accorded to the human rights of girls.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Insecurities of parents of girl children about the possible violence against them in the society.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. The economic cost of bringing up a girl child and marrying her off due to the poor social practices like dowry etc.,<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Lack of awareness on the opportunities that await an educated girl.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Consequences:<\/b><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Girls are deprived of their basic rights to education and pursue any employment of their choice. Their bargaining capacity within the family is also bound to reduce.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. Girls who marry earlier in life are less likely to be informed about reproductive issues and because of this, pregnancy-related deaths are known to be the leading cause of mortality among married girls between 15 and 19 years of age.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Infants born to mothers under the age of 18 are 60% more likely to die in their first year than to mothers over the age of 19.<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Young girls in a child marriage are more likely to experience domestic violence in their marriages as opposed to older women.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Steps taken to stop:<\/b><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. India is a signatory to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women<\/span><\/li>\n
      4. Sukanya Samriddhi scheme<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Q.2) Critically examine the role of cooperatives in post Independent India?<\/b><\/p>\n

        Answer:<\/b><\/p>\n

        The Cooperatives play very important role in India because it is an organization for the poor, illiterate and unskilled people. The importance of Cooperative sector for India is given below:<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. It provides agricultural credits and funds where state and private sectors have not been able to do very much.<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. It provides strategic inputs for the agricultural-sector; consumer societies meet their consumption requirements at concessional rates.<\/span><\/li>\n
        3. It helps to overcome the constraints of agricultural development.<\/span><\/li>\n
        4. It helps in providing critical credit to rural sector; be it industries or entrepreneurship.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Challenges:<\/b><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Mired in corruption and bad credit practices<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. Lack of skilled professional<\/span><\/li>\n
          3. Failure to self sustain themselves financially<\/span><\/li>\n
          4. Excessive dependence on funds from state governments<\/span><\/li>\n
          5. Dominance of Commercial banks<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Q.3) The existing yield levels of a majority of crops remains much lower than the world average. Discuss the reason for low yield. Also, suggest measures to improve productivity.<\/b><\/p>\n

            Answer:<\/b><\/p>\n

            In India, average yields of wheat is 39% below China and in case of rice 46% below that of China\u2019s.<\/span><\/p>\n

            Reasons:<\/b><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Poor quality of seeds<\/span><\/li>\n
            2. Fragmentation of land<\/span><\/li>\n
            3. Lack of irrigation facilities<\/span><\/li>\n
            4. Soil degradation due to poor usage of fertilisers and pesticides<\/span><\/li>\n
            5. Disguised unemployment<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Measures to improve:<\/b><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Introduction of better and efficient irrigation facilities like micro irrigation techniques<\/span><\/li>\n
              2. Promotion of agricultural mechanization to increase yield without resorting to hired labour<\/span><\/li>\n
              3. Introduction and upgrading of large scale irrigation across the country, particularly in unirrigated areas<\/span><\/li>\n
              4. Improve promotion and transport of farm produce by strengthening rural infrastructure<\/span><\/li>\n
              5. Remove problems in marketing of farm produce including addressing the issues around APMC act. e-NAM could be a good start<\/span><\/li>\n
              6. Improving storage facility, tenant security, supply of better quality seeds.<\/span><\/li>\n
              7. Promote multiple cropping<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                Q.4) How are drug price regulated in India? What are the major issues regarding drug price regulation?<\/b><\/p>\n

                Answer:<\/b><\/p>\n

                Drug price regulations in India:<\/b><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. NLEM includes essential medicines that satisfy the priority health needs of the population.<\/span><\/li>\n
                2. National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority controls and regulates the prices of drugs in India under the Drug Prices Control Order (DPCO), 1995<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Issues regarding drug price regulation:<\/b><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Cost-based pricing policy resulted in comparatively lower prices than the current market-based policy.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  2. Supreme Court in 2015 termed national pharmaceutical pricing policy 2015 and drug price control order 2013 as unreasonable and irrational.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  3. The DPCO follows a market-based pricing mechanism. The ceiling price is worked out on the basis of the simple average price of all brands having at least 1% market share of the total market turnover of that medicine. This mechanism is contested by pharma companies.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  4. Pharma manufacturing companies feel disincentive in the process<\/span><\/li>\n
                  5. The recent report of the Competition Commission of India reveals that retailers\u2019 margins as a primary cause of high prices of medicines. Drug price control will have less control in such situations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Archives Q.1) Critically examine cause and consequences of child marriage in India. What are the steps taken by government to stop child marriage? Answer: Child Marriage is defined as a marriage of a girl or boy before the age of 18 and refers to both formal marriages and informal unions in which children under the… Continue reading Answers: Mains Marathon \u2013 UPSC Mains Current Affairs Questions \u2013 March 1, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mains-marathon-answers","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/pen-paper-laptop.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":1700808096,"cached_date":1704768176},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}