{"id":48115,"date":"2019-06-06T21:00:16","date_gmt":"2019-06-06T15:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=48115"},"modified":"2019-06-06T18:01:31","modified_gmt":"2019-06-06T12:31:31","slug":"9-pm-current-affairs-brief-june-6-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-june-6-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 June 6, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Telangana\u2019s\nwomen farmers get their due<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. The\n women sangams (groups) of the Deccan Development Society, an agro-based\n NGO  have been awarded the United Nation\u2019s Equator Prize for 2019.\n They are one of the 20 recipients of the 2019 Equator Prize.<\/li>
  2. They\n have been selected for standing as \u2018an outstanding example of a local,\n nature-based solution to climate change and sustainable development.\u2019 The\n women farmers have built their own seed banks and grow millets in the\n predominantly rain-fed villages of Sangareddy district, Telangana.<\/li>
  3. The\n Equator Prize, organized by the Equator Initiative within the United\n Nations Development Programme (UNDP), is awarded biennially. It recognizes\n outstanding community efforts to reduce poverty through the conservation\n and sustainable use of biodiversity.<\/li>
  4. Equator\n Prize winners are selected by an independent Technical Advisory Committee.\n It assesses nominations based on a) measurable and positive environmental,\n social and economic impacts, b) innovation, c) Scalability and\/or\n replicability, d) Resilience, Adaptability, and Self-Sufficiency, e)\n Social inclusion and e) Gender equality.<\/li>
  5. The\n Equator Initiative is a partnership that brings together the United\n Nations, governments, civil society, businesses and grassroots\n organizations to recognize and advance local sustainable development\n solutions for people, nature and resilient communities.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Fee waived off\nfor SC\/ST candidates joining vocational training under Jan Shikshan Sansthans<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. Union Minister for Skill Development and\n Entrepreneurship has announced that Fee for SC\/ST candidates who has\n joined vocational training under Jan Shikshan Sansthans(JSS) has been\n waived off.<\/li>
    2. This decision was taken to further\n strengthen the skill ecosystem benefiting those in the underprivileged\n sections of society.<\/li>
    3. Jan Shikshan Sansthans(JSSs) are\n established to provide vocational training to non-literate, neo-literate,\n as well as school dropouts by identifying skills that would have a market\n in the region of their establishment.<\/li>
    4. Currently,there are 247 JSSs working\n across the country imparting vocational skill training programmes and\n entrepreneurship benefits.<\/li>
    5. Earlier,JSS was under the Ministry of\n Human Resources Development but it has now been transferred to the\n Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Parthenogenesis:\nHow an anaconda gave birth without a male<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      1. Recently,the New England Aquarium in the\n US has announced that a virgin anaconda had given birth during the\n winter.But the aquarium does not have a male anaconda.This is only the\n second known case of parthenogenesis in green anacondas.<\/li>
      2. The term parthenogenesis is an amalgam\n of the Greek word parthenos meaning virgin and genesis meaning origin.<\/li>
      3. Parthenogenesis is defined as a\n reproductive strategy that involves development of a female (rarely a\n male) gamete (sex cell) without fertililisation. Many species that\n reproduce through parthenogenesis do not reproduce sexually.<\/li>
      4. A gamete is the eggs in females and\n sperm in males.In animals, parthenogenesis means development of an embryo\n from an unfertilised egg cell.<\/li>
      5. About 2,000 species are known to\n reproduce through parthenogenesis, which is one of the known means of\n asexual reproduction.Grafting (of plants) is also a type of asexual\n reproduction.<\/li>
      6. Further,babies born through\n parthenogenesis are clones of the mother because there has been no\n exchange and rearrangement of genetic information with another individual\n as happens in case of a sexual reproductive process.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Finance\nCommission hold meeting with representatives of Autonomous Development Councils\n(ADCs) of Meghalaya<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        1. The\n 15th Finance Commission has held a meeting with the representatives of the\n Autonomous District Councils(ADCs) of Meghalaya.There are 3 ADCs in\n Meghalaya namely the Khasi Hills ADC,Garo Hills ADC and Jaintia Hills ADC.<\/li>
        2. Autonomous\n District Councils in the tribal dominated areas of North East are\n administrative bodies constituted in accordance to Sixth Schedule Article\n 244 (2) & Article 275(1) of the Indian Constitution.<\/li>
        3. The\n 6th schedule of the Indian Constitution provides for special arrangements\n for the administration of tribal area in the four north eastern States-\n Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.<\/li>
        4. The\n term of the Autonomous District Councils is for five years from the date\n of their constitution.The autonomous district council are governed by an\n Executive Committee.<\/li>
        5. The\n functions of ADCs under schedule 6 of the constitution includes (a) making\n laws on land (b)management of forests, except reserved forests\n (c)appointment of traditional chiefs and headmen (d)making rules\n regulating the inheritance of property, marriage, divorce,constitution of\n village courts and (e)to undertake development works like construction of\n roads, waterways etc.<\/li>
        6. The\n main Revenue Sources of ADCs includes (a)taxes on professions, trades,\n callings and employment (b)taxes on animal, vehicles and boats (c)taxes on\n the entry of goods into a market and sale therein and tolls on passengers\n and goods carried on ferries and (d)taxes for the maintenance of\n schools,dispensaries or roads.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          PM\nModi to head Cabinet committees on growth, employment<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          1. The\n Government of India has reconstituted six Cabinet Committees and has\n formed two new Committees.<\/li>
          2. The\n committees includes (a)Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (b)Cabinet\n Committee on Accommodation (c)Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs\n (d)Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs (e)Cabinet Committee on\n Political Affairs and (f)Cabinet Committee on Security<\/li>
          3. The\n two new cabinet committees formed are (a)Cabinet Committee on Investment\n and Growth and (b)Cabinet Committee on Employment and Skill Development.<\/li>
          4. The\n six committees will be headed by the Prime Minister.The two remaining\n committees which are Committees on Parliamentary Affairs and Accommodation\n will be chaired by the Home Minister.<\/li>
          5. The\n two new Cabinet committees have been constituted to address the twin\n problems of sluggish economic growth and rising unemployment.<\/li>
          6. This\n committee on Investment and growth will be a focussed group to take\n measures to bring investments and spur growth in the critical sectors\n including infrastructure, manufacturing and agriculture.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            China\nlaunches its first sea-based space rocket<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            1. China\n has launched one of its Long March 11 rockets from a launch pad on board a\n ship in the Yellow Sea. This is the first time China has launched a\n space-bound rocket from a seaborne platform.<\/li>
            2. China\n has joined USA and Russia as the only three countries with proven ability\n to launch rockets into space from sea. However, China is the only country\n to have launched from a sea platform and using launch technology that they\n solely and fully own and operate.<\/li>
            3. The\n world\u2019s first launch at sea was made in April 1967 with a Scout B carrier\n rocket, developed by the United States, from the San Marco platform off\n the coast of Kenya. The most recent sea launch took place in May 2014,\n when Sea Launch, a multinational joint venture, sent a Zenit-3SL rocket<\/li>
            4. Launching\n rockets at sea can offer several advantages over land-based rocket\n launches. Firstly, the rocket can lift off closer to the equator, where\n Earth\u2019s spin naturally provides a speed boost and decreases the amount of\n fuel needed to reach orbit thus reducing the launch cost.<\/li>
            5. Further,\n compared with conventional land-based launches, a sea-based launch has a\n lower risk of causing trouble for densely populated areas along the\n rocket\u2019s trajectory.<\/li>
            6. China\u2019s\n space rocket launch from a seaborne platform is another significant\n achievement in space programme. Recently, China became the first nation to\n land a rover on the far side of the moon.<\/li>
            7. China\n has also decided to send a manned mission to moon and to build a\n scientific research station there.<\/li>
            8. Further,\n China has also announced that its Tiangong or \u201cHeavenly Palace\u201d, a space\n station, will go into orbit in 2022. It is set to replace the\n International Space Station (ISS) which is due to be retired in 2024.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              TN\ngets $287-m World Bank loan for healthcare reform<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              1. The\n central government,Tamil Nadu and the World Bank have signed a $287\n million loan agreement for the state\u2019s Health System Reform Programme.<\/li>
              2. The\n program aims to (a)improve the quality of health care (b)reduce the burden\n of non-communicable diseases(NCDs) and (c)fill equity gaps in reproductive\n and child health services.<\/li>
              3. The\n Tamil Nadu Health System Reform Program will also support the state government\n to develop (a)clinical protocols and guidelines (b) achieve national\n accreditation for primary, secondary, and tertiary-level health facilities\n in the public sector.<\/li>
              4. Further,the\n program will also help in strengthening physicians,nurses and paramedics\n through continuous medical education and also strengthen the feedback loop\n between citizens and the state by making quality and other data accessible\n to the public.<\/li>
              5. Tamil\n Nadu ranks third among all Indian states in the NITI Aayog Health\n Index.The state\u2019s maternal mortality rate has also declined from 90 deaths\n per 100,000 live births in 2005 to 62 deaths in 2015-16 while infant\n mortality has declined from 30 deaths per 1000 live births to 20 in the\n same period.<\/li>
              6. NITI\n Aayog Health Index ranks all states and Union territories based on their\n year-on-year incremental modification and overall performance in\n health.All States and UTs are graded in 3 classes to make sure comparison\n among similar entities.In terms of all performance,Kerala topped the list\n among the Larger States.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                Army\u2019s\nspecial training exercise ends in Punjab<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                1. The\n major exercise called as Kharga Prahar has been conducted jointly by the\n Indian Army and Indian Air Force in Chandigarh on June 4, 2019.<\/li>
                2. Kharga\n Prahar exercise was undertaken in plains of Punjab by various units and\n formations of Army\u2019s Kharga Corps.<\/li>
                3. The\n exercise was successful in validating latest operational concepts which\n are designed to deliver a swift punitive blow to India\u2019s adversary.<\/li>
                4. The\n exercise has also brought out valuable lessons and also reinforced a high\n degree of operational preparedness of the Kharga Corps.<\/li>
                5. The\n Indian Army\u2019s II Corps, based in Ambala is known as Kharga Corps. It has\n been stationed at Ambala since 1985.<\/li>
                6. Kharga\n possesses 50% of Indian Army\u2019s offensive capabilities and on integration\n with multiple military formations it has proved an effective weapon in\n various wars.<\/li>
                7. In\n 1971,Bangladesh Liberation War Kharga Corps was positioned in West Bengal\n and helped in creation of Bangladesh.During the Kargil conflict in\n 1999,this elite force was deployed somewhere in the desert sector.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  EC\nto review penalty for \u2018false plaint\u2019<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  1. The\n Election Commission has decided to re-examine the Rule 49MA which\n prosecutes a voter for making a false complaint of malfunction of an\n electronic voting machine(EVM) or voter verifiable paper audit trail\n machine(VVPAT).<\/li>
                  2. Rule\n 49MA says that voter who claims that the EVM or the VVPAT machine did not\n record his or her vote correctly is allowed to cast a test vote under Rule\n 49 MA of the Conduct of Election Rules.<\/li>
                  3. However,if\n the voter fails to prove the mismatch,poll officials can initiate action\n under Section 177 of the Indian Penal Code for giving a \u2018false\n submission\u2019.<\/li>
                  4. The\n Section also says that the person shall be punished with simple\n imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months or with fine which\n may extend to one thousand rupees or both.<\/li>
                  5. Recently,the\n Supreme Court had sought the Election Commission\u2019s response on a plea\n which had asked the apex court to strike down Section 49MA under Conduct\n of Elections Rules,1961.<\/li>
                  6. The\n petitioner in its plea had said that Section 49MA was unconstitutional as\n it criminalised reporting of malfunctioning of EVM or VVPATs.The plea\n contended that the onus of proving an allegation cannot be on a voter when\n machines used for voting showed deviant behaviour.<\/li>
                  7. Further,the\n petitioner had also said that Section 49 MA deters people from coming\n forth to complain.The rule infringes upon a citizen\u2019s right to freedom of\n expression which is a fundamental right of free expression guaranteed\n under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                    Indian Navy\nsteams ahead with its go \u2018green\u2019 plans in eco-friendly push<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    1. Indian\n Navy has taken various initiatives towards the goal of Clean and Green\n Navy.<\/li>
                    2. Indian\n Navy has formulated a plan called as Indian Navy Environment Conservation\n Roadmap(INECR).The roadmap aims for reduction in energy consumption and\n diversification of energy supply as the key result areas.<\/li>
                    3. Indian\n Navy has pledged 1.5% of its works Budget towards Renewable Energy\n generation.<\/li>
                    4. The\n Indian Navy has also formulated Green Initiatives Programme which would\n aid in boosting the national interests of environment sustainability and\n self-reliance in energy.Green Initiatives Programme has added a new\n dimension called as social responsibility into it.<\/li>
                    5. Further,24\n MW of Solar Photovoltaic(PV) projects consisting of both Rooftop and Land\n based solar panels are under execution at various shore establishments of\n the Navy under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission(JNNSM).<\/li>
                    6. Indian\n Navy has also focused attention towards addressing the menace of Air\n Pollution by way of various environmental remediation measures for mitigating\n it such as (a)sapling plantation (b)horticulture (c)anti-plastic drive and\n (d)effluent treatment plants<\/li>
                    7. Indian\n Navy has also organized awareness drives and programmes by means of\n coastal cleanship,lectures to enhance participation and ensure better outreach\n amongst communities and contribute to the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                      Centre\nwants all States to join Ayushman Bharat<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      1. Union\n Health Minister has urged Delhi, Odisha, Telangana and West Bengal to join\n Ayushman Bharat \u2013 Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana.<\/li>
                      2. The\n Minister said that by joining Ayushman Bharat states would gain\n (a)resources (b)national portability (c)state-of-the-art technological\n platforms (d)implementation systems and (e)world-class analytics systems\n at no additional cost.<\/li>
                      3. They\n will also benefit from a well-proven fraud monitoring and control system\n and exchange of key learning and best practices of other states towards\n equitable healthcare.<\/li>
                      4. Ayushman\n Bharat or Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana(PMJAY) is the National Health\n Protection Scheme which targets to cover over 10 crore poor vulnerable\n families (around 50 crore beneficiaries) providing coverage of up to \u20b95\n lakh (per family per year) for secondary and tertiary care\n hospitalisation.The benefit cover includes pre and post hospitalisation expenses.<\/li>
                      5. PMJAY\n has subsumed the on-going centrally sponsored schemes \u2013Rashtriya Swasthya\n Bima Yojana (RSBY) and the Senior Citizen Health Insurance Scheme\n (SCHIS).It is an entitlement based scheme with entitlement decided on the\n basis of deprivation criteria in the Socio Economic Caste Census database.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                        By\n2025, India to have 88 mn 5G connections<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        1. According\n to Global telecom industry body GSMA,India will have 920 million unique\n mobile subscribers by 2025 which will include 88 million 5G connections.<\/li>
                        2. 5G\n (5th Generation) is a version of mobile communications. It succeeds LTE\n mobile networks- 4G, 3G, and 2G (GSM). In telecommunication, Long-Term\n Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless broadband communication for\n mobile devices and data terminals.<\/li>
                        3. According\n to experts,5G would provide near-instantaneous connectivity \u201420 times\n faster than 4G. The other expected benefits of 5G include reduced latency\n (faster response time), energy saving, cost reduction, higher system\n capacity, and mass device connectivity.<\/li>
                        4. India\n has not yet conducted any 5G field trials but the Huawei had been working\n with Indian telecommunication companies to setup field trials which is\n expected to happen in the second half of 2019.<\/li>
                        5. One\n of the barriers to 5G connectivity in India is the infrastructural gap.\n According to the National Digital Communications Policy 2018,India\n currently has approximately 1.5 million kilometres of optical fibre cable\n (OFC) and less than one-fourth of the towers are fibre-connected.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                          10%\ndrop in H-1B visa approvals in 2018: U.S.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          1. According\n to the US authorities,H-1B visa has registered a 10% decline in the\n approval rates in the fiscal year 2018.<\/li>
                          2. The\n approval rates of H-1B visa have come down due to US administration policy\n of clamping down on the use of the work visa programme.<\/li>
                          3. Further,US\n President policy of Buy American and Hire American which seeks to create\n higher wages and employment rates for U.S. workers has also led to the\n decline in H-1B visas.<\/li>
                          4. The\n H-1B visa is a non-immigrant visa that allows U.S. companies to employ\n foreign workers in speciality occupations that require theoretical or\n technical expertise.<\/li>
                          5. Dependents\n of H-1B visa holders get H-4 visas.The US Citizenship and Immigration\n Services(USCIS) is the federal agency mandated with the task of approving\n such applications for H-1B visa.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                            Nirmala\nSitharaman to attend G-20 Finance Ministers\u2019 meeting in Japan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            1. Finance\n Minister will attend the two-day meeting of G-20 Finance Ministers and\n central bank governors in Japan.The deliberations at this meeting would be\n followed by the G-20 Leaders Summit scheduled on June 28,2019 at\n Osaka,Japan.<\/li>
                            2. The\n G-20 finance ministers are likely to discuss issues such as\n (a)infrastructure investment (b)resilience against natural disasters and\n (c)strengthening health financing for ensuring health for all in\n developing countries.<\/li>
                            3. The\n other issues which would be discussed are international taxation in the\n context of digitised economy, issues concerning shifting of tax liability\n to low tax jurisdiction and real time exchange of tax-related information.<\/li>
                            4. G20\n is an international forum of the governments and central bank governors\n from 20 major economies formed in 1999.The group accounts for 85% of world\n GDP and two-thirds of the population.They have no permanent staff of its\n own and its chairmanship rotates annually between nations divided into\n regional groupings.<\/li>
                            5. The\n members of the G20 consists of 19 individual countries plus the European\n Union (EU).The 19 member countries of the forum are Argentina, Australia,\n Brazil, Canada,China,France,Germany,India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan,\n Mexico, Russia,Saudi Arabia,South Africa,South Korea,Turkey,United Kingdom\n and the United States.<\/li>
                            6. The\n objectives of the G20 are:(a) Policy coordination between its members in\n order to achieve global economic stability, sustainable growth (b) To\n promote financial regulations that reduce risks and prevent future\n financial crises and (c)To create a new international financial\n architecture.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                              India\u2019s\nservices sector activity growth slips to 12-month low<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                              1. According\n to Nikkei India Services Purchasers manager Index(PMI) ,services sector\n activity has slowed down to 50.2 in May,2019 from 51.0 in April,2019.<\/li>
                              2. This\n slowdown has happened due to disruptions arising from the elections in the\n month of May which had affected the growth of new work intake.<\/li>
                              3. However,the\n index has said that the slowdown may be temporary as companies has stepped\n up hiring and became more confident about future prospects.<\/li>
                              4. PMI\n or a Purchasing Managers\u2019 Index (PMI) is an indicator of business activity\n \u2014 both in the manufacturing and services sectors.It is a survey-based\n measures that asks the respondents about changes in their perception of\n some key business variables from the month before.The<\/li>
                              5. PMI\n is derived from a series of qualitative questions.Executives from a\n reasonably big sample,running into hundreds of firms are asked whether key\n indicators such as (a)output (b)new orders (c)business expectations and\n (d)employment were stronger than the month before and are asked to rate\n them.<\/li>
                              6. The\n headline PMI is a number from 0 to 100.The figure above 50 denotes\n expansion in business activity.Anything below 50 denotes contraction.<\/li>
                              7. The\n rate of expansion can also be judged by comparing the PMI with that of the\n previous month data.If the figure is higher than the previous month\u2019s then\n the economy is expanding at a faster rate. If it is lower than the\n previous month then it is growing at a lower rate.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                To\nmark Environment Day, Rupani kicks off Sabarmati clean-up drive<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                1. To\n mark World Environment Day, the Gujarat Chief Minister has launched Swachh\n Sabarmati Maha Abhiyan\u2019. It is a 5-day long cleaning drive which will last\n till June 9th<\/sup> 2019.<\/li>
                                2. The\n Central Pollution Control Board\u2019s (CPCB) National Water Quality Programme\n has included the Sabarmati among the most polluted rivers in the country.\n Under the National Water Quality Programme, CPCB along with state\n pollution control boards monitors the quality of water bodies at 2500\n locations across India.<\/li>
                                3. The\n Sabarmati River is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India. It\n originates in the Aravalli Range of the Udaipur District of Rajasthan and\n meets the Gulf of Khambhat of Arabian Sea. It flows through parts of\n Rajasthan and Gujarat.<\/li>
                                4. Mahatma\n Gandhi had set up Sabarmati ashram on the banks of the river after his\n return from South Africa in 1915.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                  Nipah\ncase: 7 in isolation and 314 quarantined in Kerala<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                  1. The\n numbers of suspected Nipah virus infection cases in Kerala has risen to 7.\n Samples from the patients have been sent to the National Institute of\n Virology (NIV) labs at Alappuzha and Pune.<\/li>
                                  2. The\n National Institute of Virology is an Indian virology research institute.\n It was previously known as \u2018Virus Research Center\u2019 and was founded in\n collaboration with the Rockefeller Foundation. It has been designated as a\n WHO H5 reference Laboratory for SE Asia region<\/li>
                                  3. According\n to WHO, the Nipah virus infection is a newly emerging zoonosis, that is, a\n disease transmitted from animals to humans. The virus belongs to a genus\n termed Henipavirus (subfamily Paramyxovirinae).<\/li>
                                  4. Fruit\n bats of the Pteropodidae family are the natural host of Nipah virus. The\n virus is present in bat urine, and potentially in bat faeces, saliva and\n birthing fluid. Fruits contaminated with bat secretions may potentially\n transfer the virus.<\/li>
                                  5. Humans\n are infected after direct contact with infected bats, pigs or from other\n Nipah-virus infected persons.<\/li>
                                  6. Nipah\n virus infection in humans causes asymptomatic infection, acute respiratory\n infection and fatal encephalitis.  It has a high case fatality rate\n estimated to range between 40 and 75%<\/li>
                                  7. There\n is no treatment or vaccine available for either people or animals. The\n primary treatment for humans is supportive care.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                    Workshops\non prevention of drug use to be held for students<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    1. The\n Union Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry has decided to conduct\n workshops on prevention of drug use for 8lakh students across India. The\n workshops would be conducted with the help of State education boards and\n NGOs working in this field.<\/li>
                                    2. The\n decision to conduct the workshop is in lines with the National Action Plan\n for Drug Demand Reduction (2018-2025) which highlights the need for education\n to prevent use of drugs among children.<\/li>
                                    3. According\n to the Magnitude of Substance Use in India report submitted in 2019 by the\n National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre of the AIIMS, 1.3% of children\n between 10 and 17 years reported current use of alcohol. Further, 0.9%\n reported use of cannabis, 1.8% reported use of opioid and 1.17% reported\n use of inhalants.<\/li>
                                    4. In\n 2018, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment drafted the National\n Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction (2018-2025). The five year action\n plan aims to reduce to the adverse consequences of drug abuse in India\n through a) education, b) de-addiction and c) rehabilitation of affected\n individuals and their families.<\/li>
                                    5. The\n Government of India has also brought out National Policy on Narcotic Drugs\n and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) in 2012 to combat drug menace in a\n holistic manner.<\/li>
                                    6. Further,\n the government has had enacted Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances\n (NDPS) Act in 1985 to make stringent provisions for the control and\n regulation of operations relating to narcotic drugs and psychotropic\n substances.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                      Imperative\nto test all pregnant women for gestational diabetes<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                      1. A\n recent paper published in the Journal of the Association of Physicians of\n India has highlighted the need to screen every pregnant woman for\n gestational diabetes even if no symptoms are exhibited.<\/li>
                                      2. Gestational\n Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)\n with onset or first recognition during pregnancy.<\/li>
                                      3. Undiagnosed\n or inadequately treated GDM can lead to significant maternal & fetal\n complications. Maternal risks of GDM include polyhydramnios, prolonged\n labour, obstructed labour, caesarean section, uterine atony, postpartum\n haemorrhage, infection and progression of retinopathy. These are the leading\n global causes of maternal morbidity and mortality.<\/li>
                                      4. Fetal\n risks include spontaneous abortion, intra-uterine death, stillbirth,\n congenital malformation, shoulder dystocia, birth injuries, and infant\n respiratory distress syndrome.<\/li>
                                      5. Further,\n women with GDM and their off springs are at increased risk of developing\n type 2 diabetes and other non-communicable diseases later in life. Type 2\n diabetes is characterised by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and\n relative lack of insulin.<\/li>
                                      6. To prevent\n and minimize maternal and fetal morbidity associated with GDM, Ministry of\n Health and Family Welfare in India had released a national guideline for\n provision of universal screening and management of GDM as part of the\n essential antenatal package.<\/li>
                                      7. The\n guidelines recommend early testing during the first trimester i.e. Week 1\n to 12. If the test is negative, the guidelines recommend to repeat the\n test between 24-28 weeks.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                        Studying\nOlive Ridleys in Odisha<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                        1. A\n proposal has been made to establish a permanent research centre dedicated\n to Olive Ridley Turtles in the Khallikote forest range, near the\n Rushikulya rookery on the Odisha coast. A rookery is a communal nesting\n ground of animals.<\/li>
                                        2. The\n research centre would study the mass nesting of Olive Ridleys and the\n environmental factors related to it. It would also study the coastal flora\n and fauna.<\/li>
                                        3. Further,\n a museum would be opened for the general public where skeletons and eggs\n of different marine turtles would be displayed. It would also include\n models and interactive displays.<\/li>
                                        4. The\n Research Centre would also work to alleviate myths and unscientific\n theories related to the mass nesting. Recently, it became viral on social\n media that the turtles had sensed Cyclone Fani and did not visit the\n rookery for mass nesting. However, past data proved the assumption wrong.\n Mass nesting occurred at the rookery in 1999 and 2013, when major cyclones\n hit the Odisha coast<\/li>
                                        5. The\n Olive Ridley turtles are the smallest and most abundant of all sea turtles\n in the world. They inhabit in the warm waters of the Pacific, Atlantic and\n Indian oceans. It is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List.<\/li>
                                        6. The\n Olive Ridley turtles are best known for their unique mass nesting called\n Arribada. During Arribada, a large number of female turtles come together\n on the same beach to lay eggs. Such mass nesting phenomenon is also\n observed among Kemps Ridley turtle.<\/li>
                                        7. An\n important breeding area for olive Ridleys in the Indian Ocean along the\n Bay of Bengal is Odisha. There are three major mass nesting areas: a) Gahirmatha\n rookery close to the mouth of Brahmani-Baitarani Rivers, b) Devi river\n mouth and c) Rushikulya river mouth.<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                          Telangana\u2019s women farmers get their due The women sangams (groups) of the Deccan Development Society, an agro-based NGO  have been awarded the United Nation\u2019s Equator Prize for 2019. They are one of the 20 recipients of the 2019 Equator Prize. They have been selected for standing as \u2018an outstanding example of a local, nature-based solution… Continue reading 9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 June 6, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":48116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9-PM-Brief.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704845579},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48115"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48115\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}