{"id":48855,"date":"2019-07-04T19:00:09","date_gmt":"2019-07-04T13:30:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=48855"},"modified":"2019-07-05T17:08:30","modified_gmt":"2019-07-05T11:38:30","slug":"7-pm-towards-a-more-equitable-and-inclusive-education-system-4th-july-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-towards-a-more-equitable-and-inclusive-education-system-4th-july-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"7 PM | Education system in India &#8211; How to make it more equitable and inclusive. | 4th July, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1nPj90KKdew7YDIqblt7sjHkZ62iNhcM4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Read&nbsp;In-depth analysis of all the Editorials here (opens in a new tab)\">Read&nbsp;In-depth analysis of all the Editorials here<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Context: <\/strong>Insights on the National\nEducation Policy 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>National Policy on Education:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The National Policy on Education was framed in 1986 and\nmodified in 1992. Since then several changes have taken place. The Government\nof India would like to bring out a National Education Policy to meet the\nchanging dynamics of the population\u2019s requirement with regards to quality\neducation, innovation and research, aiming to make India a knowledge superpower\nby equipping its students with the necessary skills and knowledge and to\neliminate the shortage of manpower in science, technology, academics and\nindustry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Problems with the Current School Education:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In addition\nto problems of access, the Kasturirangan Committee observed several quality\nrelated deficiencies in the early childhood learning programmes, like:<ul><li>curriculum\nthat doesn\u2019t meet the developmental needs of children<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>lack of\nqualified and trained teachers<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>sub-standard\npedagogy.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Currently,\nthe RTE Act provides for free and compulsory education to all children from the\nage of six to 14 years.<\/li><li>The\nCommittee noted that the current education system solely focuses on rote\nlearning of facts and procedures. <\/li><li>According\nto Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2016,&nbsp;the proportion of all\nchildren in Class V who can read a Class II level text (book) declined to 47.8%\nin 2016 from 48.1% in 2014.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recommendations in the Draft National Education\nPolicy on School Education: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Strengthening Early Childhood Care and Education with the objective that every child in the age range of 3-6 years has access to free, safe, high quality, developmentally appropriate care and education by 2025.<\/li><li>The Right to Education Act 2009 will be extended to the age group 3-6 years old child to assure availability of free and compulsory quality education for all.<\/li><li>Ensuring foundational literacy and numeracy among all children<ul><li>By 2025, every student in Grade 5 and beyond has achieved foundational literacy and numeracy.<\/li><li>Nutrition and learning are inextricably linked. The midday meal program will be expanded &#8211; both a nutritious breakfast and a midday meal will be provided to preprimary and primary school students.<\/li><li>A pupil-teacher ratio under 30:1 will be ensured at the level of each school.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>The curricular and pedagogical structure and the curricular framework for school education will therefore be guided by a 5+3+3+4 design: <ul><li>Foundational Stage (age 3-8 years): Rapid brain development; learning based on play and active discovery <\/li><li>Preparatory Stage (8-11 years): Building on play and discovery; begin the transition to structured learning<\/li><li>Middle Stage (11-14 years): Learning concepts in subjects; begin navigating adolescence<\/li><li>Secondary Stage (14-18 years): Preparation for livelihood and higher education; transition into young adulthood<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Problems\nwith the Teacher Education: <\/strong>There has\nbeen a steep rise in teacher shortage, lack of professionally qualified\nteachers, and deployment of teachers for non-educational purposes.&nbsp;<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recommendations\non Teachers:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Policy\ntreats teachers as the \u2018most important members of our society and the\ntorchbearers of change.\u2019 Thus suggest following recommendation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The practice of \u2018para-teachers\u2019\n(unqualified, contract teachers) will be stopped across the country by 2022.<strong><\/strong><\/li><li>All teachers will be able to move into\neither educational administration or teacher education after a minimum number\nof years of teaching experience. <strong><\/strong><\/li><li>Merit-based scholarships will be\ninstituted to undertake the four-year integrated B.Ed. programme.<strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Status\nof Higher Education:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>According to the All India Survey on Higher Education, the Gross\nEnrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education in India has increased from 20.8% in\n2011-12 to 25.8% in 2017-18.<\/li><li>The\nCommittee identified lack of access as a major reason behind low intake of\nhigher education in the country. <\/li><li>The\nCommittee observed that the total investment on research and innovation in\nIndia has declined from 0.84% of GDP in 2008 to 0.69% in 2014.&nbsp; India also\nlags behind many nations in number of researchers, patents and\npublications.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recommendations\non Higher Education:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Revamp the higher education system, create world class institutions across the country \u2013 increase Gross Enrolment Ratio to at least 50% by 2035 from current level of about 25.8%.<\/li><li>There will be three types of institutions based on a difference in focus <ul><li>Type 1 which focus on high quality teaching across all disciplines<\/li><li>Type 2 which focus on research<\/li><li>Type 3 which focus on undergraduate education<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Mission Nalanda and Mission Takshashila will be launched for catalyzing this new institutional architecture. A few pace-setting institutions, the Indian Institutes of Liberal Arts\/ Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities, may be set up as part of these Missions.<\/li><li>The National Research Foundation (NRF) will be set up as an autonomous body of the Government of India. It will be given an annual grant of Rs. 20,000 crores (~ 0.1% of GDP)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other Issues: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In 2017-18,\npublic expenditure on education in India was 2.7% of GDP. The draft Policy\nseeks to double the public investment in education from the current 10% of\ntotal public expenditure to 20% in the next 10 years.&nbsp;<strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recent Initiatives in School Education System.<\/strong><strong>Recent Initiatives in <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Samagra Shiksha: <\/strong>A\ncomprehensive programme subsuming Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya\nMadhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) and Teacher Education (TE). For first time, it\nalso includes provisions for support at pre-school level, library grants and\ngrants for sports and physical equipment. The vision of the Scheme is to ensure\ninclusive and equitable quality education.<\/li><li><strong>Swayam <\/strong>platform offers\n10 courses of Diploma in Elementary Education (D.El.Ed) and more than 13 lakh\nunqualified teachers have enrolled for this diploma.<\/li><li><strong>UDISE+<\/strong> is an updated\nonline real time version of UDISE (Unified District Information on School Education)\nhas been launched with three additional features \u2013 GIS mapping, data\nverification through third-party mobile application and data analytics.<\/li><li>Ministry of Human Resource Development\nhas launched a 70-point Performance Grading Index (PGI) to assess areas of\ndeficiency in each state\u2019s school education system so that targeted\ninterventions can be made at every level from pedagogy to teacher training.<\/li><li><strong>ICT driven initiatives<\/strong>:\nShaala Sidhi (to enable all schools to self-evaluate their performance), e-Pathshala\n(providing digital resources such as textbooks, audio, video, periodicals etc.)\nand Saransh (an initiative of CBSE for schools to conduct self-review\nexercises).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Way Forward:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The National\nEducation Policy 2019 envisions an India-centred education system that\ncontributes directly to transforming our nation sustainably into an equitable\nand vibrant knowledge society, by providing high quality education to all. We\nmust ensure that the Policy is implemented in its spirit and intent, through coherence\nin planning and synergy across all bodies involved in education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/opinion-towards-a-more-equitable-and-inclusive-education-system-1562171558490.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/opinion-towards-a-more-equitable-and-inclusive-education-system-1562171558490.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read&nbsp;In-depth analysis of all the Editorials here Context: Insights on the National Education Policy 2019. National Policy on Education: The National Policy on Education was framed in 1986 and modified in 1992. Since then several changes have taken place. The Government of India would like to bring out a National Education Policy to meet the&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-towards-a-more-equitable-and-inclusive-education-system-4th-july-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">7 PM | Education system in India &#8211; How to make it more equitable and inclusive. | 4th July, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":3567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/brief-image.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704849110},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48855"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48855\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}