{"id":48895,"date":"2019-07-05T19:00:44","date_gmt":"2019-07-05T13:30:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=48895"},"modified":"2019-07-05T17:34:07","modified_gmt":"2019-07-05T12:04:07","slug":"7-pm-expanding-indias-share-in-global-space-economy-5th-july-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-expanding-indias-share-in-global-space-economy-5th-july-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"7 PM | Expanding India\u2019s share in global space economy | 5th July, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=12XH8RKr0u9NOpk2SeT890TqRtIaBFKQL\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Read\u00a0In-depth analysis of all the Editorials here (opens in a new tab)\">Read\u00a0In-depth analysis of all the Editorials here<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Context:\n<\/strong>ISRO\u2019s\nevolution and its importance in embracing civilian identity and its future in\nglobal space economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>More\nin News:<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Government introduced Space Activities\nBill in 2017, though it has lapsed, government now has an opportunity to give\npriority to a new bill that can be welcomed by the private sector.<\/li><li>Chandrayaan-2\nwill be launched from Satish Dhawan Space Center at Sriharikota on-board GSLV\nMk-III on 15th July 2019.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Evolution of Space Research in India: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Space activities in India, which started\nin early 1960s, are hitherto pursued by Department of Space (DOS), as nodal\nagency for space activities in India. The INCOSPAR (Indian National Committee for Space Research) was\nestablished in 1962 under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), later\nsuperseded by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969.<\/li><li>In 1967,\nby establishing \u2018Experimental Satellite Communication Earth Station (ESCES)\u2019\nlocated in Ahmedabad, ISRO first focused on testing the efficacy of television\nmedium for national development with the help of foreign satellites. Thereby\nintroducing the TV program \u2018Krishi Darshan\u2019, followed by, Satellite\nInstructional Television Experiment (SITE) which is hailed as largest sociological\nexperiment in the world during 1975-76.<\/li><li>The first\nIndian spacecraft \u2018Aryabhata\u2019 was developed and was launched using a Soviet\nLauncher.&nbsp;In the experimental phase during 80\u2019s, Bhaskara-I &amp; II\nmissions were pioneering steps in the remote sensing area whereas\n\u2018Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment (APPLE)\u2019 became the forerunner for future\ncommunication satellite system. <\/li><li>Development\nof the complex Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV), also demonstrated\nnewer technologies like use of strap-on, bulbous heat shield, closed loop\nguidance and digital autopilot. This paved the way for learning many nuances of\nlaunch vehicle design for complex missions, leading the way for realization of\noperational launch vehicles such as PSLV and GSLV.<\/li><li>ISRO has\nachieved a major milestone by successfully conducting the ground test of\nIndigenous High Thrust Cryogenic Engine at ISRO Propulsion Complex at\nMahendragiri on April 28, 2015.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Focused Areas:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Communication Satellites<\/strong>: The Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system is one of the largest domestic communication satellite systems in Asia-Pacific region established in 1983 with commissioning of INSAT-1B, it initiated a major revolution in India\u2019s communications sector. Recently in June 2017 ISRO launched GSAT17 into the INSAT\/GSAT system, weighing 3477 kg. It provides services to telecommunications, television broadcasting, satellite newsgathering, societal applications, weather forecasting, disaster warning and Search and Rescue operations.<\/li><li><strong>Earth Observation Satellites:<\/strong> India has one of the largest constellations of remote sensing satellites in operation, starting with IRS-1A in 1988. RESOURCESAT-1, 2, 2A CARTOSAT-1, 2, 2A, 2B, RISAT-1 and 2, OCEANSAT-2, Megha-Tropiques, SARAL and SCATSAT-1 are some of the operational earth observation satellites. The data from these satellites are used for several applications covering agriculture, water resources, urban planning, rural development, mineral prospecting, environment, forestry, ocean resources and disaster management.<\/li><li><strong>Satellite Navigation:<\/strong> Satellite Navigation service is an emerging satellite based system with commercial and strategic applications. ISRO is committed to provide the satellite based Navigation services to meet the emerging demands of the Civil Aviation requirements (GAGAN) and to meet the user requirements of the positioning, navigation and timing based on the independent satellite navigation system (NaVIC). <ul><li>GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation (GAGAN): This is a Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) implemented jointly with Airport Authority of India (AAI). The main objectives of GAGAN are to provide Satellite-based Navigation services with accuracy and integrity required for civil aviation applications and to provide better Air Traffic Management over Indian Airspace.<\/li><li>Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)\u00a0:\u00a0NavIC, with the main objective is to provide Reliable Position, Navigation and Timing services over India and its neighbourhood, to provide fairly good accuracy to the user. The IRNSS will provide basically two types of services &#8211; Standard Positioning Service (SPS) and Restricted Service (RS)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Space Science and Exploration<\/strong>: Indian space programme encompasses research in areas like astronomy, astrophysics, planetary and earth sciences, atmospheric sciences and theoretical physics.<ul><li>AstroSat is the first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed at studying celestial sources. <\/li><li>Mars Orbiter Mission is ISRO\u2019s first interplanetary mission to planet Mars with an orbiter craft designed to orbit Mars in an elliptical orbit of 372 km by 80,000 km. Mars Orbiter mission can be termed as a challenging technological mission and a science mission considering the critical mission operations and stringent requirements on propulsion, communications and other bus systems of the spacecraft. <\/li><li>Chandrayaan-1, India&#8217;s first mission to Moon, was launched successfully in 2008. <\/li><li>Chandrayaan-2 will be an advanced version of the previous Chandrayaan-1 mission to Moon.Chandrayaan-2 is configured as a two module system comprising of an Orbiter Craft module (OC) and a Lander Craft module (LC) carrying the Rover developed by ISRO.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Launch Vehicles<\/strong>:\nare used to carry spacecraft to space. India has two operational launchers:\nPolar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch\nVehicle (GSLV). GSLV with indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage has enabled the\nlaunching up to 2 tonne class of communication satellites. The next variant of\nGSLV is GSLV Mk III, with indigenous high thrust cryogenic engine and stage,\nhaving the capability of launching 4 tonne class of communication satellites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"642\" height=\"431\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/slv.jpg?resize=642%2C431&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-48896\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Drawbacks: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>SatCom\n<\/strong>policy:\nUnder this policy framework, Indian registered companies with foreign\ninvestment not exceeding 74% will be allowed to establish and operate satellite\nsystem. The policy is a failure as it has not attracted any FDI.<\/li><li><strong>Remote\nSensing Data Policy, 2011: <\/strong>Under this policy, private, foreign and\nother users including web based service providers can obtain the data from\nremote sensing satellite. But there is no promising growth in remote sensing\ndata sector.<\/li><li><strong>Make\nin India Space sector:<\/strong> FDI upto 100% is allowed in satellite\nestablishment and operation, subject to the sectoral guidelines of the\ndepartment of space\/ISRO, under the government route. However there is no sign\nof progress in this field.<\/li><li><strong>ISRO\u2019s\n<\/strong>programmes\n(Launches and satellites) are primarily meant for societal and country needs in\nthe civilian defence sectors, the spare capacity is small for commercial needs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Future\nof ISRO:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Global space business is whooping around\n$330 billion and growing 2-3% annually. It is likely to exceed $550 billion by\n2025. India\u2019s share is estimated at $7 billion (just 2% of global market).\nSpace Economy offers huge potential and India must work towards tapping this\npotential. The first step in this regard could be passage of Space Activities\nBill and to create an ecosystem of investment system so that the private,\nforeign and domestic investors could come and invest. <\/li><li>The market of small satellite is estimated\nto be $18 billion over the next 10 years, with a potential to generate Rs\n1500-2000 crore business per year. Recently PSLV-C37 successfully launched 104\nsatellites in a single flight. Out of 104, 101 are nano satellites of foreign\ncountries, so ISRO has the capability to tap small satellite sector.<\/li><li>ISRO recently inaugurated Human Space Flight Centre (HSFC)&nbsp;in January\n2019 at Bengaluru. HSFC shall be responsible for implementation of GAGANYAAN\nProject which involves end-to-end mission planning, development of Engineering\nsystems for crew survival in space, crew selection &amp; training and also\npursue activities for sustained human space flight missions.<\/li><li>Developments in artificial intelligence\nand big data analytics has led to the emergence of <strong>\u2018New Space\u2019<\/strong> &#8211; a disruptive and dynamic using end to end efficiency\nconcepts. New Space entrepreneurship has emerged in India with about 2 dozens\nstart-ups in India. So government should create an enabling ecosystem, a\nculture of accelerators, incubators and venture capitalists and mentors where\nthese new space start-ups will develop.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Way\nForward: <\/strong>In\nthe dynamic Indian population, the demand for space based services is\nincreasing day by day. To meet the demand of this vibrant population, the\ngovernment must bring new space laws and create an ecosystem where a new kind\nof partnership between ISRO, private sector and new space entrepreneurs will\nflourish to take India to the new heights of development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/lead\/expanding-indias-share-in-global-space%20economy\/article28286469.ece\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/lead\/expanding-indias-share-in-global-space\neconomy\/article28286469.ece<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read\u00a0In-depth analysis of all the Editorials here Context: ISRO\u2019s evolution and its importance in embracing civilian identity and its future in global space economy. More in News: Government introduced Space Activities Bill in 2017, though it has lapsed, government now has an opportunity to give priority to a new bill that can be welcomed by&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-expanding-indias-share-in-global-space-economy-5th-july-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">7 PM | Expanding India\u2019s share in global space economy | 5th July, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":3567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/brief-image.jpg?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":56,"cached_at":""},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48895","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48895"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48895\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}