{"id":51248,"date":"2019-08-14T19:00:04","date_gmt":"2019-08-14T13:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=51248"},"modified":"2019-08-14T15:38:19","modified_gmt":"2019-08-14T10:08:19","slug":"7-pm-balancing-t-n-s-growth-model-14th-august-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-balancing-t-n-s-growth-model-14th-august-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"7 PM | Balancing T.N.\u2019s growth model | 14th August, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Context:<\/strong> The\nneed to reduce the burden on Chennai\u2019s water resources by diversifying other\nurban centers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tamil\nNadu Fact sheet:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tamil Nadu\nconstitutes 4 percent of India\u2019s land area and is inhabited by 6 percent of\nIndia\u2019s population, but has only 2.5 percent of India\u2019s water resources.<\/li><li>In 2001, Chennai\u2019s water requirement\nstood at 1,327 million litres per day (MLD).<\/li><li>The supply was only 830 MLD in 2018.<\/li><li>By 2021 the demand will shoot up to\n1,980 MLD. <\/li><li>The area coming under city limits that\nwas just 176 sq. km in 1978 has increased nearly threefold, to 425 sq. km,\ntoday.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reasons\nfor such a water crisis in Tamil Nadu: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Skewed Chennai-centric development model\nof Tamil Nadu has resulted into the capital city\u2019s water demand overshooting\nits available water resources.<\/li><li>Over 60% of the rainfall that Tamil Nadu\nreceives is from the northeast monsoon also known as the retreating monsoon.\nHowever, repeated failure of northeast monsoon has resulted in acute water\nshortage in the city.<\/li><li>The demand for water in Tamil Nadu is\nincreasing at a fast rate both due to increasing population and also due to\nlarger per capita needs triggered by economic growth. The per capita\navailability of water resources however, is just 900 cubic meters when compared\nto the national average of 2,200 cubic meters.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Agriculture is the largest consumer of\nwater in the State using 75 per cent of the State\u2019s water resources.<\/li><li>The\nbiggest issue which highlights the policy paralysis of the city administration\nis the development of the IT Corridor. Although the infrastructure and space\nwere provided to them, not once did they think about the water supply which\nwould be required to meet the demand.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Possible\nsolution to the water crisis problem in Chennai: <\/strong>The\ndemand-supply asymmetry has rendered traditional solutions such as rainwater\nharvesting and groundwater recharge totally ineffective. Overcoming the crisis\nwill, hence, require some unconventional solutions to be tried. Some of them\nare mentioned below as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Chennai-centric development model of\nTamil Nadu has created the water crisis situation in the city. Chennai can be\ndecongested by developing other urban centers in the state.<\/li><li>The factors that attract people from\nacross Tamil Nadu are prospects of better education, employment opportunities\nand possibilities of a decent lifestyle. These can be focused can accordingly\ninvestments can be made.<\/li><li>The districts of Cuddalore, Nagapattinam\nand Tiruchirappalli together receive an average rainfall of more than 1,200 mm\nper annum, compared to the 900 mm-1000 mm average annual rainfall of Chennai.\nSome of the major investments can be shifted to these areas.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"89\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/THE.jpg?resize=500%2C89&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51249\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tamil Nadu can learn from the countries\nlike The Netherlands and South Africa. Tamil Nadu can distribute its commercial\nand administrative wings across cities to reduce the burden of water demand on\nChennai. <\/li><li>Tamil Nadu has a long Coastline of 900\nkm, yet&nbsp;the total installed capacity of its two desalination plants is\nonly 200 MLD &#8211; the Minjur plant and the Nemmeli plant both possess a capacity\nof 100 MLD each.&nbsp;Saudi\nArabia, the world leader in installed capacity of desalination plants, has\nbuilt such plants all along its coastline and its largest plant, Ras-Al-Khair,\nhas a capacity of 1,000 MLD.&nbsp;Tamil Nadu can also look forward to increase\nthe capacity of its installed desalination plants and at the same time build\nsuch plants all along its coastline.<\/li><li>Tamil Nadu cultivates paddy in an area\nof about 18.3 lakh hectares, requiring about 710 thousand million cubic feet of\nwater. A nominal shift away from paddy to less water-intensive but high-income\ncrops such as pulses, vegetables, and ornamental plants would save fresh water.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conclusion: <\/strong>The\u00a0Niti Aayog Composite Water Management Index\u00a0states, \u201c54 percent of India\u2019s groundwater wells are declining and 21 major cities are expected to run out of groundwater as soon as 2020, affecting approximately100 million people.\u201d Without more storage and managing use, there is no real hope that we can build water resilience in our cities. It would be nice to optimise our use of resources. We can learn from countries like Israel that has powerful lever of building resilience in water management. They have their foundation (i.e, an understanding and appreciation of the climate and environmental systems and the services they provide that is central to human civilization) and building (i.e, stainably use and reuse, the resources and services the natural world provides) in place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/balancing-tns-growth-model\/article29086410.ece\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/balancing-tns-growth-model\/article29086410.ece<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Context: The need to reduce the burden on Chennai\u2019s water resources by diversifying other urban centers. Tamil Nadu Fact sheet: Tamil Nadu constitutes 4 percent of India\u2019s land area and is inhabited by 6 percent of India\u2019s population, but has only 2.5 percent of India\u2019s water resources. In 2001, Chennai\u2019s water requirement stood at 1,327&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-balancing-t-n-s-growth-model-14th-august-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">7 PM | Balancing T.N.\u2019s growth model | 14th August, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":49370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7-PM.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704766896},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51248"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51248\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}