{"id":51361,"date":"2019-08-19T19:00:26","date_gmt":"2019-08-19T13:30:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=51361"},"modified":"2019-08-19T16:38:33","modified_gmt":"2019-08-19T11:08:33","slug":"7-pm-improving-supply-of-animal-products-19th-august-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-improving-supply-of-animal-products-19th-august-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"7 PM | Improving supply of animal products | 19th August, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Context:<\/strong> Animal\nhusbandry significance and challenges in India <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Contribution\nof live stock to economy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Food:<\/strong>&nbsp;The livestock provides food items\nsuch as Milk, Meat and Eggs for human consumption. India is number one milk\nproducer in the world. It is producing about 176.34 million tones of milk in a\nyear (2017-18). Similarly it is producing about 95.22 billions of eggs, 8.89\nmillion tonnes of meat in a year. The value of output of livestock sector at\ncurrent prices was Rs 8, 11,847crores in 2015-16.<\/li><li><strong>Fiber and skins:<\/strong>&nbsp;The livestock also\ncontributes to the production of wool, hair, hides, and pelts. Leather is the\nmost important product which has a very high export potential. India is\nproducing about 43.5 million Kg of wool per annum.<\/li><li><strong>Draft:<\/strong>&nbsp;Bullocks are the back bone of\nIndian agriculture. Despite lot of advancements in the use of mechanical power\nin Indian agricultural operations, the Indian farmer especially in rural areas\nstill depend upon bullocks for various agricultural operations. <\/li><li>The\nbullocks are saving a lot on fuel which is a necessary input for using\nmechanical power like tractors, combine harvesters etc. Pack animals like\ncamels, horses, donkeys, ponies, mules etc are being extensively used to\ntransport goods in different parts of the country in addition to bullocks.<\/li><li>In\nsituations like hilly terrains mules and ponies serve as the only alternative\nto transport goods. Similarly, the army has to depend upon these animals to\ntransport various items in high areas of high altitude.<\/li><li><strong>Dung and other animal waste materials:<\/strong>&nbsp;Dung and\nother animal wastes serve as very good farm yard manure and the value of it is\nworth several crores of rupees. In addition it is also used as fuel (bio gas,\ndung cakes), and for construction as poor man\u2019s cement (dung).<\/li><li><strong>Storage:<\/strong>&nbsp;Livestock are considered as\n\u201cmoving banks\u201d because of their potentiality to dispose off during emergencies.\nThey serve as capital and in cases of landless agricultural laborers many time\nit is the only capital resource they possess. <\/li><li>Livestock\nserve as an asset and in case of emergencies they serve as guarantee for\navailing loans from the local sources such as money lenders in the villages.<\/li><li><strong>Sports \/ recreation:<\/strong>&nbsp;People\nalso use the animals like cocks, rams, bulls etc for competition and sports.\nDespite ban on these animal competitions the cock fights, ram fights and bull\nfights (jalli kattu) are quite common during festive seasons.<\/li><li><strong>Companion animals:<\/strong>&nbsp;Dogs are known for their\nfaithfulness and are being used as companions since time immemorial. When the\nnuclear families are increasing in number and the old parents are forced to\nlead solitary life the dogs, cats are providing the needed company to the\nlatter thus making them lead a comfortable life<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Challenges\nfacing by livestock sector in India: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Industrial\nproduction: <\/strong>The\nR&amp;D is epitomized by multi-national company support to non-ruminant\nproduction, particularly for chicken meat and eggs and, to a smaller degree,\npig meat.<\/li><li>These\nlandless, industrialized systems achieve high livestock productivity and quick\nsupply growth based on improved and more uniform genetics and controlled\nconversion of high-energy feeds into muscle and fat.<\/li><li>Industrial\nsystems generate large concentrations of waste nutrients. There may also be a\ndanger in the shrinking of animal genetic diversity as proprietary breeds with\ndesirable characteristics for producing uniform industrial products begin to\naccount for growing shares of total production. <\/li><li>Increasing\ndensities of animals kept create the need for rising use of antibiotics and may\nincrease the risk of disease transmission due to higher concentrations of\nanimals and people being in one place<\/li><li><strong>Intensifying\ncrop-livestock system:<\/strong> Intensification in these systems is invariably\nassociated with higher animal-to-land ratios and greater labor input to the\nfarm. This creates employment, but at some point pollution becomes an issue.\nRising opportunity costs of labor may also become an issue, as is happening in\nChina.<\/li><li>Desirable\ngenetics appropriate for smallholder systems as opposed to just average\nproductivity increases also become an issue, as illustrated by the reversion of\nsmallholders in some areas to mixed indigenous-exotic animals as opposed to the\npure breeds introduced previously<\/li><li><strong>Health and food\nsafety constraints to market access for livestock products:<\/strong> A key finding\nof a recent ILRI\/FAO study was that capacity in many developing countries is\nlacking with respect to compliance with, or even understanding of, SPS\nrequirements, and of broader issues related to exporting livestock products.<\/li><li><strong>Fodder shortage:\n<\/strong>India faces a green fodder shortage of 63.5 per cent, says\nthe vision document of the country\u2019s premier research institute Indian\nGrassland and Fodder Research Institute (IGFRI). <strong><\/strong><\/li><li>The shortage of dry fodder is 23.5 per cent, estimates the\nnational institute that is under the administrative control of the Indian\nCouncil of Agricultural Research. If the current situation continues then\nIndia\u2019s green fodder shortage will reach 66 per cent and dry fodder will reach\n25 per cent by 2030 (see \u2018Worst is yet to come\u2019,). <strong><\/strong><\/li><li>Traditionally during drought, livestock assumes the role of a\nshield for farmers, mostly small and marginal. But with the acute fodder\nshortage, sustaining cattle has become extremely difficult in drought-affected\nareas. If the situation continues, it will completely derail the rural economy.<strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Way forward: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Continued dietary changes with improving incomes,\nparticularly due to the improving affordability of output sourced from\nlivestock (milk, meat, eggs), means steady demand growth. <strong><\/strong><\/li><li>The higher efficiency of livestock production, as\nwell as the development of a livestock industry in the erstwhile less developed\n(that is, low-cost) states, suggests an adequate capacity build-up to meet this\ndemand. <strong><\/strong><\/li><li>Geographical diversification also provides some\nresilience to local supply disruptions that can emerge from disease- or\nweather-related events. <strong><\/strong><\/li><li>The combined weight of animal products in the\nconsumer price index is about 11 per cent, and while the inflation rate in\nthese products has risen slightly in recent months after falling to all-time\nlows late last year, it is unlikely to stay elevated.<strong><\/strong><\/li><li>Therefore, productivity needs to\nrise much more for generating surpluses at a cost that increases domestic\ndemand and is also globally competitive, so that the sector generates more\nexport income.<strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/article\/opinion\/improving-supply-of-animal-products-119081900009_1.html\">https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/article\/opinion\/improving-supply-of-animal-products-119081900009_1.html<\/a>.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Context: Animal husbandry significance and challenges in India Contribution of live stock to economy: Food:&nbsp;The livestock provides food items such as Milk, Meat and Eggs for human consumption. India is number one milk producer in the world. It is producing about 176.34 million tones of milk in a year (2017-18). Similarly it is producing about&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-improving-supply-of-animal-products-19th-august-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">7 PM | Improving supply of animal products | 19th August, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":49370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7-PM.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704911670},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51361\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}