{"id":51673,"date":"2019-08-29T19:00:27","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T13:30:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=51673"},"modified":"2019-08-29T15:26:43","modified_gmt":"2019-08-29T09:56:43","slug":"7-pm-why-women-are-still-being-treated-as-unequal-to-men-29th-august-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-why-women-are-still-being-treated-as-unequal-to-men-29th-august-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"7 PM | Why women are still being treated as unequal to men | 29th August, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Context:\n<\/strong>Moving\ntowards gender equality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gender\nequality: <\/strong>Gender\nequality is achieved when women and men enjoy the same rights and opportunities\nacross all sectors of society, including economic participation and\ndecision-making, and when the different behaviours, aspirations and needs of\nwomen and men are equally valued and favoured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gender\nparity: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gender parity is a statistical measure\nthat provides a numerical value of female-to-male or girl-to-boy ratio for\nindicators such as income or education. <\/li><li>For example, if there is equal number of\ngirls and boys who completed primary education in a specific country, the\ngender parity ratio for that indicator is one. <\/li><li>The greater the difference between girls\nand boys, the lower is the gender parity value. <\/li><li>Gender parity is a useful tool for\nassessing gender inequality in specific areas, in setting goals, and in\nassessing change and progress under specific indicators of gender equality. However,\ngender parity is not the same as gender equality.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What\nthe recent reports says:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>According to the \u2018World\nEmployment and Social Outlook Trends for Women\u2019 2018 report, more women than\never before are both educated and participating in the labour market today.<\/li><li>According to the Global\nGender Gap Report 2018, it will take 108 years to close the gender gap and 202\nyears to achieve parity in the workforce.<\/li><li>Economists at the\nUniversity of Chicago, using census data from 1970 to 2000, found that\nmarriages in which the woman earned more were less likely in the first place\nand more likely to end in divorce.&nbsp;<strong>\n<\/strong><\/li><li>India ranks\nat a dismal 108 out of the 149 countries included in the 2018 Global Gender Gap\nreport, released at the World Economic Forum. Even within the South Asian\nregion, which is the second lowest scoring region, with a remaining gender gap of\n34.2 per cent, India ranks fourth, well behind Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Causes\nof Gender Inequality in India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Patriarchy: <\/strong>The root cause\nof gender inequality in Indian society lies in its patriarchy system.&nbsp;The\nsystem of patriarchy finds its validity and sanction in our religious beliefs,\nwhether it is Hindu, Muslim or any other religion. <\/li><li>For instance, as per ancient Hindu law\ngiver&nbsp;Manu: \u201cWomen are supposed to be\nin the custody of their father when they are children, they must be under the\ncustody of their husband when married and under the custody of her son in old\nage or as widows. In no circumstances she should be allowed to assert herself\nindependently\u201d. <\/li><li>The above described position of women as\nper Manu is still the case in present modern day social structure.<\/li><li><strong>Extreme poverty and lack of education<\/strong> are also some of the reasons for women\u2019s low status in\nsociety. Poverty and lack of education derives countless women to work in low\npaying domestic service, organized prostitution or as migrant laborers. <\/li><li>Women are not only\ngetting unequal pay for equal or more work but also they are being offered only\nlow skill jobs for which lower wages are paid. This has become a major form of\ninequality on the basis of gender.<\/li><li><strong>Educating girl child is still seen as a bad<\/strong> <strong>investment <\/strong>because\nshe is bound to get married and leave her paternal home one day. Thus, without\nhaving good education women are found lacking in present day\u2019s demanding job\nskills; <\/li><li>Whereas, each year\u2019s\nHigh School and 10+2 standard results show that girls are always doing better\nthan boys. This shows that parents are not spending much after 10+2 standard on\ngirl child and that\u2019s why they lack in job market.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Legal and Constitutional Safeguards against Gender\nInequality:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Indian Constitution provides for positive efforts to eliminate gender inequality:<ul><li>the Preamble to the Constitution talks about goals of achieving social, economic and political justice to everyone and to provide equality of status and of opportunity to all its citizens. <\/li><li>Women have equal right to vote in our political system. <\/li><li>Article 15 of the Constitution provides for prohibition of discrimination on grounds of\u00a0<em>sex<\/em>\u00a0also apart from other grounds such as religion, race, caste or place of birth. Article 15(3) authorizes the Sate to make any special provision for women and children. <\/li><li>The Directive Principles of State Policy also provides various provisions which are for the benefit of women and provides safeguards against discrimination.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Various protective Legislations have also been passed by the Parliament to eliminate exploitation of women and to give them equal status in society. For instance:<ul><li>the Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987 was enacted to abolish and make punishable the inhuman custom of Sati; <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 to eliminate the practice of dowry; <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>the Special Marriage Act, 1954 to give rightful status to married couples who marry inter-caste or inter-religion; <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Bill (introduced in Parliament in 1991, passed in 1994 to stop female infanticide and many more such Acts. <\/li><\/ul><ul><li>the Parliament from time to time brings out amendments to existing laws in order to give protection to women according to the changing needs of the society, for instance, Section 304-B was added to the Indian Penal Code, 1860 to make dowry-death or bride-burning a specific offence punishable with maximum punishment of life imprisonment.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How We Can Eliminate Gender Inequality:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The list of legislations as well as\ntypes of discriminations or inequalities may go on but the real change will\nonly come when the mentality of men will change; when the male species of human\nbeings would start treating women as equal and not subordinate or weaker to\nthem. <\/li><li>In fact not only men but women also need\nto change their mindset as through cultural conditioning they have also become\npart of the same exploitative system of patriarchy and are playing a supportive\nrole in furthering men\u2019s agenda of dominating women.<\/li><li>In the movement for Women\u2019s empowerment\nwhere women can become economically independent and self-reliant, it is\nrequired that they fight their own fears and go out in the world fearless.<\/li><li>The Women Reservation Bill need to be passed\nin the parliament to give representation to women in political system.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conclusion:\n<\/strong>As\nrightly said by Swami Vivekanand, &#8216;Just as a bird cannot fly with one wing\nonly, a Nation cannot march forward if the women are left behind&#8217;. Men and\nwomen are the two holes of a perfect whole. Strength is borne of their union\ntheir separation results in weakness. Each has what the other does not have.\nEach completes the other, and is completed by other. Etymologically, the word\n&#8216;woman&#8217; means &#8211; half of man. The relation of the male and female is very well\nillustrated in our Nyaya Darshan by the analogy of mind and matter, which means\nthat man and woman are closely associated with each other, as the soul and\nbody. Therefore the women ought to be respected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:\n<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/opinion-why-women-are-still-being-treated-as-unequal-to-men-1567002359177.html\">https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/opinion-why-women-are-still-being-treated-as-unequal-to-men-1567002359177.html<\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Context: Moving towards gender equality. Gender equality: Gender equality is achieved when women and men enjoy the same rights and opportunities across all sectors of society, including economic participation and decision-making, and when the different behaviours, aspirations and needs of women and men are equally valued and favoured. Gender parity: Gender parity is a statistical&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-why-women-are-still-being-treated-as-unequal-to-men-29th-august-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">7 PM | Why women are still being treated as unequal to men | 29th August, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":49370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7-PM.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704845056},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51673"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51673\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}