{"id":52732,"date":"2019-10-01T21:00:27","date_gmt":"2019-10-01T15:30:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=52732"},"modified":"2021-06-28T10:28:36","modified_gmt":"2021-06-28T04:58:36","slug":"9-pm-current-affairs-brief-october-1st-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-october-1st-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 October 1st, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1586693\">BRAHMOS Supersonic\r\nCruise Missile, with major indigenous systems, successfully test-fired<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>&nbsp;The land-attack version of BrahMos\r\nsupersonic cruise missile has been successfully test-fired.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It\r\n was jointly launched by Defence Research and Development Organisation\r\n (DRDO) and BrahMos Aerospace from Balasore\u2019s Integrated Test Range (ITR),\r\n Odhisa.<\/li><li><strong>Features:<\/strong><ul><li>It\r\n has a strike range of 290 km.<\/li><li>It\r\n can be fired from land as well as sea-based platforms.<\/li><li>It\r\n features indigenous components such as propulsion system, airframe, and\r\n power supply.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About BrahMos Missiles:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile.<\/li><li>It\r\n is developed by BrahMos Aerospace Pvt. Ltd. (BAPL), New Delhi.<\/li><li>It\r\n is capable of being launched from land, sea, sub-sea and air against\r\n surface and sea-based targets.<\/li><li>It\r\n has been operationalized in the Indian Armed Forces with all the three\r\n services.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Additional Information:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Supersonic Cruise Missiles:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\r\n cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled (till the time of impact)\r\n guided vehicle that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of\r\n its flight path.<\/li><li>Supersonic\r\n cruise missile travels at a speed of around 2-3 Mach i.e.; it travels a kilometre\r\n approximately in a second<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>BrahMos Aerospace Pvt. Ltd. (BAPL)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n BAPL is a joint venture between the Russian Federation\u2019s NPO\r\n Mashinostroeyenia and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)<\/li><li>It\r\n is named after Brahmaputra and Moscow rivers.<\/li><li>It\r\n is responsible for designing, developing, producing and marketing BrahMos\r\n supersonic cruise missiles.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/iau-names-asteroid-after-pandit-jasraj\/article29550338.ece\">International\r\nAstronomical Union names minor planet after Pandit Jasraj<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>&nbsp;International Astronomical Union (IAU) has\r\nnamed a minor planet after Indian musician Pandit Jasraj. He\u2019s the first Indian\r\nmusician to receive this honour.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Minor\r\n planet 2006 VP32 (number -300128), has been named \u2018Panditjasraj.\u2019<\/li><li>The\r\n minor planet is an asteroid. It traverses the cosmos between the orbits of\r\n Mars and Jupiter.<\/li><li>It\r\n was discovered on November 11, 2006 by the Catalina Sky Survey, whose\r\n telescopes are based in Arizona in the United States.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Additional Information:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Minor Planets:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Minor planet is a term used to refer to a celestial object that is not a planet or comet which orbits the Sun.<\/li><li>Minor planets can be dwarf planets, asteroids, Trojans, centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, and other trans-Neptunian objects.<\/li><li>Ceres, found in 1801, was the first minor planet discovered. It is a dwarf planet.<\/li><li>As of September, there are 5, 41,131 numbered minor planets of a total of 79, 70, 78 observed bodies, with the rest being unnumbered minor planets.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>International Astronomical Union<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It\r\n is an international association of professional astronomers.<\/li><li>Its\r\n mission is to promote and safeguard the science of astronomy in all its\r\n aspects, including research, communication, education and development,\r\n through international cooperation.<\/li><li>It\r\n was founded in 1919. It is headquartered in Paris, France.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1586699\">School Education\r\nQuality Index(SEQI)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>NITI Aayog has released the first edition of the\r\nSchool Education Quality Index(SEQI).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About SEQI:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEQI\r\n has been developed by NITI Aayog to evaluate the performance of States and\r\n Union Territories(UTs) in the school education sector.<\/li><li>It\r\n has been developed through a collaborative process including key\r\n stakeholders such as the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD),\r\n the World Bank and sector experts.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Aim:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEQI\r\n aims to drive policy reforms that will improve the quality of school education.<\/li><li>The\r\n index seeks to institutionalise a focus on enhancing education outcomes by\r\n driving improvements in learning levels, access, equity, infrastructure\r\n and governance processes.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Composition:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SEQI\r\n is based on a set of 30 critical indicators that measure the overall\r\n effectiveness, quality and efficiency of the Indian school education\r\n system.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The\r\n indicators are categorized into (a)Outcomes and (b)Governance Processes\r\n Aiding Outcomes(GPAO).&nbsp;<\/li><li>The\r\n Outcomes include (a)learning outcomes (b)access outcomes,\r\n (c)infrastructure and facilities for outcomes and (d)equity\r\n outcomes,&nbsp;<\/li><li>GPAO\r\n includes (a)support system necessary for learning to take place like\r\n training and availability of teachers (b)attendance of students and\r\n teachers (c)administrative adequacy (d)training (d)accountability and\r\n (e)transparency.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Ranking process:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n States and UTs were ranked on their overall performance in the reference\r\n year 2016-17 as well as on the change in their performance between the\r\n reference year and base year (2015-16).<\/li><li>To\r\n facilitate like-to-like comparisons, States and UTs have been grouped as\r\n Large States, Small States and Union Territories.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Within\r\n each of these groups, the indicator values have been appropriately scaled,\r\n normalized and weighted to generate an overall performance score and\r\n ranking for each State and UT.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Key takeaways from the index:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Among\r\n the large States,Kerala bagged the top spot while Uttar Pradesh scored the\r\n lowest for 2016-17.&nbsp;<\/li><li>However,\r\n Haryana, Assam and Uttar Pradesh showed the most improvement in their\r\n performance in 2016-17 in comparison to the base year of 2015-16.<\/li><li>Among\r\n the small States, Manipur emerged as the top performer while Arunachal\r\n Pradesh came last in the category.<\/li><li>Among\r\n Union Territories, Chandigarh stood at the top position while Lakshadweep\r\n ranked lowest.<\/li><li>But\r\n it is to be noted that all seven UTs have shown an improvement in their\r\n performance.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Additional information:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>NITI Aayog:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n NITI Aayog was formed via a resolution of the Union Cabinet on January\r\n 1,2015.<\/li><li>It\r\n is the premier policy \u2018Think Tank\u2019 of the Government of India providing\r\n both directional and policy inputs.It had replaced planning commission as\r\n the premier think tank.<\/li><li>The\r\n NITI Aayog has been mandated with fostering cooperative federalism through\r\n structured support initiatives and mechanisms with the States on a\r\n continuous basis recognizing that strong States make a strong nation.<\/li><li>It\r\n also seeks to design and assist the implementation of strategic, long term\r\n policy frameworks and programme initiatives and also monitor their\r\n progress and efficacy.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/videos\/city\/hyderabad\/nine-day-long-floral-festival-bathukamma-begins-in-telangana\/videoshow\/71360229.cms?from=mdr\">Bathukamma<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The Nine-day-long floral festival \u2018Bathukamma\u2019\r\nhas began in Telangana.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About the festival:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bathukamma\r\n festival is celebrated for nine days during Durga Navratri.<\/li><li>The\r\n word Bathukamma means- \u2018Mother Goddess come to life\u2019.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The\r\n festival represents cultural spirit of Telangana.It is the state festival\r\n of Telangana.<\/li><li>The\r\n festival is celebrated to pray to the Goddess for health and achievements\r\n of each family.&nbsp;<\/li><li>During\r\n the festival, flowers arranged and decorated on a big plat in conical\r\n shape in seven layers and this arrangement is called as Bathukamma.<\/li><li>All\r\n the women are dressed colorfully and form a circle around \u2018Bathukamma\u2019 and\r\n dance before immersing it to the nearest water body.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/efforts-should-be-made-to-promote-indian-languages-says-naidu\/story-FNJQS4lzWz74PyJWw2mSsL.html\">Saraswati\r\nSamman<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Telugu poet K Siva Reddy has been awarded the\r\nprestigious Saraswati Samman, 2018.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>K\r\n Siva Reddy was awarded the Saraswati Samman award for his collection\r\n Pakkaki Ottigilite in 2018.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About Saraswati samman:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Saraswati\r\n Samman award was instituted by the KK Birla Foundation in 1991.<\/li><li>The\r\n award is given annually for an outstanding literary work written in any\r\n official Indian languages and published during the preceding 10 years.<\/li><li>It\r\n is the highest recognition in the field of Indian literature and carries a\r\n cash purse of Rs 15 lakh apart from a citation and a plaque.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Additional information:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>To\r\n felicitate writers,the KK Birla Foundation has instituted three awards in\r\n the field of literature.<\/li><li>These\r\n are the (a)Saraswati Samman (b)Vyas Samman (for Hindi) and (c)Bihari\r\n Puraskar(for Hindi and Rajasthani writers of Rajasthan).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/on-ins-vikramaditya-rajnath-singh-says-can-t-forget-26-11-navy-on-alert\/story-H8alE7oE0oRVOJPRi9LjYO.html\">INS\r\nVIKRAMADITYA<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Defence minister has addressed the personnel of\r\nWestern Fleet on-board INS Vikramaditya off the coast of Goa.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About INS Vikramaditya:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>INS\r\n Vikramaditya is a modified Kiev-class aircraft carrier.<\/li><li>The\r\n aircraft carrier was originally built as Baku and commissioned in 1987.<\/li><li>It\r\n served with the Soviet Navy and later with the Russian Navy (as Admiral\r\n Gorshkov) before being decommissioned in 1996.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It\r\n was commissioned into the Indian Navy in 2013 from Russia.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Features:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n aircraft carrier is 284mts long.It has a displacement of 40,000 tons and\r\n is the biggest and heaviest in the Indian Navy fleet.<\/li><li>It\r\n has a total of 22 decks and can accommodate 1600 persons.<\/li><li>The\r\n warship can also carry planes such as MiG-29K,Kamov-31 and Chetak\r\n helicopters.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/climate-change\/govt-to-launch-climate-vulnerability-map-of-india-soon-66985\">Climate\r\nVulnerability Map of India<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Government is planning to develop a pan India\r\nclimate vulnerability assessment map.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Why Climate Vulnerability map?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n map is being developed to prepare communities and people to meet the\r\n challenges arising out of climate.<\/li><li>The\r\n information specific to a state or even district is needed to meet the\r\n challenges of climate change.<\/li><li>Such\r\n climate vulnerability atlas has already been developed for 12 states in\r\n the Indian Himalayan Region, using a common framework.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Who will be developing the map?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n map is being developed under a joint project of the Department of Science\r\n and Technology(DST) under the Union Ministry of Science and Technology and\r\n Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation(SDC).<\/li><li>This\r\n research programme of DST is being implemented as part of the National\r\n Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem(NMSHE) and National Mission\r\n on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change (NMSKCC).<\/li><li>The\r\n atlas is expected to be ready by the middle of 2020.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Mapping method:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n map for the Himalayan region was developed in consultation with states.It\r\n has details up to the district level.<\/li><li>The\r\n national map will also do the same as vulnerability within a state may\r\n differ from one region or district to another.<\/li><li>A\r\n common set of indicators will be used for vulnerability profile and\r\n ranking of 650 districts all over the country.<\/li><li>Among\r\n the priority areas identified for research are glaciology, climate\r\n modeling, urban climate, extreme events and Himalayan ecosystem studies\r\n among others.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Significance of the map:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Climate\r\n risk is interplay of hazard, exposure and vulnerability.There is a rise in\r\n climate-sensitive livelihood of people.Hence a methodology for assessing\r\n vulnerability is critical for comparison and for planning adaptation\r\n strategies.<\/li><li>The\r\n map can also help reduce risk to climate change.It also helps in\r\n identifying what makes a state or district vulnerable to climate change.<\/li><li>Further,\r\n the vulnerability assessments will also be useful for officials, decision\r\n makers, funding agencies and experts to have a common understanding on\r\n vulnerability and enable them to plan for adaptation<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/willing-to-appoint-justice-rajendra-menon-as-armed-forces-tribunal-chairman-govt-tells-sc\/article29555804.ece\">Armed\r\nForces Tribunal<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The Centre has said that it was willing to\r\nappoint former Delhi High Court Chief Justice Rajendra Menon as Chairman of the\r\nArmed Forces Tribunal (AFT).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About Armed forces tribunal:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Armed\r\n Forces Tribunal(AFT) is an Indian military tribunal.It was established as\r\n a statutory body in 2009 under the Armed Forces Tribunal Act, 2007.<\/li><li>The\r\n Principal Bench of AFT is in New Delhi.It also has 11 regional benches.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Objective:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n objective of AFT is to adjudicate complaints on the appointments and\r\n conditions of service in respect of persons subject to the (a)Army\r\n Act,1950 (b)The Navy Act,1957 and (c)the Air Force Act,1950.<\/li><li>It\r\n can further provide for appeals arising out of the orders of courts\r\n martial held under the above-mentioned Acts.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Composition:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n Composition of Armed Forces Tribunal consists of Judicial Members who are\r\n retired High Court Judges.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The\r\n Administrative Members are retired Members of the Armed Forces who have held\r\n the rank of Major General\/ equivalent or above for a period of three years\r\n or more.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Proceedings:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n Proceedings of AFT are conducted as per the Armed Forces Tribunal\r\n (Procedure) rules,2008.The Tribunal normally follows the procedure as\r\n practiced by High Courts of India.<\/li><li>However,the\r\n Paramilitary forces including the Assam Rifles and Coast Guard are outside\r\n the tribunal\u2019s purview.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1586762\">Sovereign Gold\r\nBond Scheme<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Government of India in consultation with the\r\nReserve Bank of India has decided to issue Sovereign Gold Bonds.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About the scheme:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sovereign\r\n Gold Bonds are government securities denominated in grams of gold.They are\r\n substitutes for holding physical gold.<\/li><li>The\r\n scheme was launched in November 2015 to reduce the demand for physical\r\n gold and shift a part of the domestic savings used for the purchase of\r\n gold, into financial savings.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Eligibility:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>These\r\n bonds are restricted for sale to resident entities including individuals,\r\n Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs), Trusts, Universities, and Charitable\r\n Institutions.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n Reserve Bank of India issues these bonds on the strength of its gold\r\n reserves.&nbsp;<\/li><li>These\r\n bonds pay an interest similar to international rates of borrowing gold.The\r\n bonds can also be used as collateral for loans.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Denomination<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n bonds will be denominated in multiple of grams of gold.The minimum\r\n permissible investment will be 1 gram of gold.<\/li><li>The\r\n maximum limit of subscribed shall be 4 KG for the individual, 4 Kg for HUF\r\n and 20 Kg for trusts and similar entities per fiscal (April-March).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Duration of the bond:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n time period of the Bond will be for a period of 8 years with exit option\r\n in 5th, 6th and 7th year.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Taxation:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n interest on Gold Bonds shall be taxable as per the provision of Income Tax\r\n Act, 1961 (43 of 1961).&nbsp;<\/li><li>The\r\n capital gains tax arising on redemption of SGB to an individual has been\r\n exempted.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Sales channel:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n bonds will be sold through banks, Stock Holding Corporation of India\r\n Limited (SHCIL), designated post offices and National Stock Exchange of\r\n India Limited and Bombay Stock Exchange, either directly or through\r\n agents.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Tradability:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bonds\r\n will be tradable on stock exchanges within a fortnight of the issuance on\r\n a date as notified by the RBI.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/changes-in-apprenticeship-rules-notified-compensation-increased-6043159\/\">Changes\r\nin Apprenticeship Rules notified<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Government has notified changes in\r\nApprenticeship Rules(1992) with an aim to increase skilled manpower in the\r\ncountry and raise monetary compensation of apprentices.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>What is Apprenticeship?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n Apprenticeship Training programme is the combination of on-the-job\r\n training and classroom training wherein the workers earn while learning\r\n the skills required for performing the specialized job.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Salient Features of notified Apprenticeship Rules:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n hiring limit of apprentices has been raised to 15% of the total strength\r\n of an establishment.<\/li><li>The\r\n minimum stipends have been doubled to between Rs 5,000 and Rs 9,000 per\r\n month.<\/li><li>The\r\n stipend for graduate apprentices or degree apprentices has been increased\r\n to Rs 9,000 per month.<\/li><li>For\r\n school pass outs, between Class 5th and 9th,the stipend has been increased\r\n to Rs 5,000 per month.<\/li><li>The\r\n Centre has also lowered the size limit of an establishment with a\r\n mandatory obligation to engage apprentices on an optional basis from 40 to\r\n 30.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1586714\">Electoral Bond\r\nScheme<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Government of India has notified the Electoral\r\nBond Scheme 2018.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About Electoral Bond Scheme:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Electoral\r\n bonds allows donors to pay political parties using banks as an\r\n intermediary.<\/li><li>The\r\n bond would be a bearer instrument in the nature of a Promissory Note and\r\n an interest free banking instrument.<\/li><li>It\r\n can be bought for any value in multiples of Rs 1,000, Rs 10,000, Rs 1\r\n lakh, Rs 10 lakh or Rs 1 crore.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Eligibility:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>As\r\n per provisions of the Scheme, electoral bonds may be purchased by a\r\n citizen of India or entities incorporated or established in India.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A\r\n person being an individual can buy electoral bonds either singly or\r\n jointly with other individuals.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Only\r\n the registered political parties which have secured not less than 1% of\r\n the votes polled in the last Lok Sabha elections or the State Legislative\r\n Assembly are eligible to receive the Electoral Bonds.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Issuance of bonds:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n bonds are issued by Scheduled Commercial banks upon authorization from the\r\n Central Government to intending donors but only against cheque and digital\r\n payments (it cannot be purchased by paying cash).<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>How will the bonds help:<\/strong>According to the\r\ngovernment,electoral bonds will help in:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Promoting\r\n transparency in funding and donations received by political parties&nbsp;<\/li><li>Building\r\n a transparent system of acquiring bonds with validated KYC and an audit\r\n trail.<\/li><li>It\r\n will also prompt donors to take the banking route to donate with their\r\n identity captured by the issuing authority.This will ensure transparency\r\n and accountability.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Issues with Electoral bonds:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Electoral\r\n bonds keeps the identity of the donor absolutely confidential.<\/li><li>The\r\n bond would enable corporate houses to anonymously donate their unaccounted\r\n cash to political parties.<\/li><li>The\r\n ordinary citizens will not be able to know who is donating how much money\r\n to which political party.<\/li><li>The\r\n contribution received by any eligible political party in the form of\r\n electoral bonds will be exempt from income-tax as per Section 13A of the\r\n Income Tax Act.<\/li><li>Electoral\r\n bonds make electoral funding even more opaque. It will bring more and more\r\n black money into the political system.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-how-to-read-corporate-tax-cut-6042713\/\">Explained:\r\nHow to read corporate tax cut<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Recently, the Government has reduced the\r\ncorporate tax rates in order to encourage manufacturing and boost private\r\ninvestment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>What has the government done?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n central government has slashed corporate tax rates for domestic firms from\r\n 30% to 22% and for new manufacturing companies from 25% to 15% to boost\r\n economic growth.<\/li><li>The\r\n new effective tax rate inclusive of surcharge and cess for domestic\r\n companies would be 25.17% and for new domestic manufacturing companies\r\n would be 17.01%.<\/li><li>Also,the\r\n Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) will not apply to such companies.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Significance of the rate cut:<\/strong>The tax rate cut does\r\nthe following<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n rate cut leaves corporates with more money which they can use to either\r\n reinvest in existing firms or invest in new ventures.<\/li><li>In\r\n the medium to long term that is anywhere between one or two and five years\r\n or more, a corporate tax cut is expected to boost investments and increase\r\n the productive capacity of the economy.<\/li><li>The\r\n additional money may lead to a secondary round effect where these\r\n companies may hire more employees.<\/li><li>The\r\n rate cut is also expected to give a great stimulus to \u2018Make In India\u2019, by\r\n attracting private investment from across the globe and improving&nbsp;\r\n the competitiveness of the private sector.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Concerns of the rate cut:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The\r\n rate cut will cost the government Rs 1.45 lakh crore annually.This\r\n increases the chances of higher fiscal deficit.<\/li><li>The\r\n corporate tax cut also depresses economic activity to the extent that it\r\n reduces the money in the hands of the government in the form of tax\r\n revenues.<\/li><li>The\r\n states will also be impacted as 42% of Union taxes is devolved to the\r\n states.Hence,they will receive almost Rs 61,000 crore less from the\r\n Central government.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/article\/economy-policy\/govt-to-launch-enterprise-development-centres-for-msmes-in-all-districts-119093000037_1.html\">Enterprise\r\ndevelopment centres<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Union micro, small and medium enterprises sector\r\n(MSME) minister will launch the enterprise development centres(EDCs).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About EDC<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Enterprise\r\n Development Centres(EDCs) are aimed at developing a cadre of indigenous\r\n entrepreneurs in the MSMEs.<\/li><li>They\r\n are planned for every district by the end of the current financial year\r\n (2019-20).<\/li><li>The\r\n EDCs will be similar to incubators for start-ups.They will be run by\r\n special purpose vehicles in partnership with the private sector, business\r\n management organisations, local industry associations.<\/li><li>The\r\n centre will help new and existing businesses develop by providing services\r\n such as management training, and office space among others.<\/li><li>The\r\n EDCs will also have enterprise clinics for struggling firms which the\r\n government hopes will reduce the number of small businesses falling into a\r\n debt trap financed by bank loans.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Additional information:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>About MSME\u2019s<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Micro- Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are small sized entities defined in terms of their size of investment.<\/li><li>The MSMEs are classified in terms of investment made in plant and machinery if they are operating in the manufacturing sector and investment in equipment for service sector companies.<\/li><li>However,MSME(Amendment) Bill,2018 which has not been passed yet proposes a uniform classification for all MSMEs.<\/li><li>Under the Bill,all MSMEs,whether they are manufacturing or service providing enterprises will be classified on the basis of their annual turnover.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/rural-water-and-sanitation\/govt-launches-new-framework-to-sustain-india-s-100-odf-status--66993\">Framework\r\nto sustain India\u2019s \u2018100% ODF status\u2019<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: Jal Shakti Ministry\u2019s Department of Drinking\r\nWater and Sanitation (DDWS) has launched a 10-year national rural sanitation\r\nstrategy.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Aim:<\/strong>&nbsp;The strategy seeks to sustain India\u2019s 100%\r\nOpen Defecation Free (ODF) status claimed by the Union government, on September\r\n27, 2019.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Duration:<\/strong>&nbsp;The framework will be in place from\r\n2019 to 2029.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Focus Areas:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It\r\n will ensure that people sustain their usage of toilets.<\/li><li>It\r\n will also focus on proper implementation of solid and liquid waste\r\n management (SLWM) \u2014 plastic waste, organic waste, grey water, and faecal\r\n sludge in rural areas.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\r\n district-level training management unit (TMU) will be set up. It will\r\n provide oversight and support to gram panchayats (GPs) so that they ensure\r\n the operation and maintenance of sanitation infrastructure.<\/li><li>The\r\n GPs are also supposed to conduct rapid assessment of water and sanitation\r\n gaps.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Financing:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Government\r\n funding is the primary source of financing.<\/li><li>Further,\r\n there will be alternative self-financing by gradual leveraging of\r\n community resources in the form of tariffs for ODF plus activities.<\/li><li>60:40\r\n financing model as being followed till now in Swachh Bharat.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Additional Information:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Swachh Bharat Abhiyan<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It\r\n is a cleanliness campaign initiated by Govt. of India in 2014. It seeks to\r\n achieve a Clean India by 2019, as a tribute to the 150th Birth Anniversary\r\n of Mahatma Gandhi.<\/li><li>It\r\n has two sub-missions. Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) and Swachh Bharat\r\n Mission (Urban):<\/li><li>Swachh\r\n Bharat Mission (Gramin) aims to improve the levels of cleanliness in rural\r\n areas through Solid and Liquid Waste Management activities and making\r\n villages Open Defecation Free (ODF) and clean. It is implemented by\r\n Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Jal Shakti Ministry<\/li><li>Swachh\r\n Bharat Mission (Urban) aims at elimination of open defecation, conversion\r\n of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, eradication of manual\r\n scavenging, municipal solid waste management and bringing about a behavioural\r\n change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices. It is implemented\r\n by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs<\/li><\/ul>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BRAHMOS Supersonic Cruise Missile, with major indigenous systems, successfully test-fired News:&nbsp;The land-attack version of BrahMos supersonic cruise missile has been successfully test-fired. Facts:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It was jointly launched by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and BrahMos Aerospace from Balasore\u2019s Integrated Test Range (ITR), Odhisa. Features: It has a strike range of 290 km. It can&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-october-1st-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 October 1st, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":48116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9-PM-Brief.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704707543},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52732"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52732\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}