{"id":53051,"date":"2019-10-12T21:00:52","date_gmt":"2019-10-12T15:30:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=53051"},"modified":"2019-10-12T17:15:09","modified_gmt":"2019-10-12T11:45:09","slug":"9-pm-current-affairs-brief-october-12th-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-october-12th-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 October 12th, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/climate-change\/c40-cities-14-cities-drive-sustainable-diet-plan-67190\">C40\nWorld Mayors Summit<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>&nbsp;C40 World Mayors Summit is being held at\nCopenhagen, Denmark<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C40 Good Food\nCities Declaration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It was signed by the mayors of Barcelona,\n Copenhagen, Guadalajara, Lima, London, Los Angeles, Milan, Oslo, Paris,\n Quezon City, Seoul, Stockholm, Tokyo and Toronto.<\/li><li>As part of the declaration, mayors of\n these cities will work towards implementing a \u2018planetary health diet\u2019 for\n all by 2030. It will be balanced and nutritious food, based on the\n culture, geography, and demography of the cities.<\/li><li>They will also change the food procurement\n policies to make healthy, delicious and low-carbon food affordable and\n accessible for all and also reduce food loss and waste by 50%.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Clean Air Cities\nDeclaration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It was signed by Mayors of 35 cities.\n Delhi is one of the signatory.<\/li><li>They will implement radical clean air\n policies by 2025. Steps will include: like low- or zero-carbon public\n transport, zero-emissions zones, promoting cleaner fuels and air quality\n monitoring.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\nInformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C40<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C40 is a network of the world\u2019s megacities\n taking action to address climate change.<\/li><li>It is a group of 94 cities around the\n world that represents one-twelfth of the world\u2019s population and\n one-quarter of the global economy.<\/li><li>The summit was launched in London in 2005\n when the then London Mayor convened representatives from 18 megacities.<\/li><li>C40 supports cities to collaborate\n effectively, share knowledge and drive meaningful, measurable and\n sustainable action on climate change.<\/li><li>The aim of the summit is also to show how\n cities are delivering their strong commitments for healthier, sustainable,\n resilient and inclusive future.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/penalties-levied-for-rti-violations-in-3-of-cases-in-2018-19\/article29660236.ece\">Right\nto Information Act<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>&nbsp;Report Card on the Performance of\nInformation Commissions in India has been released<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About the Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The \u2018Report Card on the Performance of\n Information Commissions in India\u2019 was prepared by the Satark Nagrik\n Sangathan and the Centre for Equity Studies.<\/li><li>It analysed information from 22\n commissions, which disposed of almost 1.17 lakh cases in that time period.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Highlights of the\nStudy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>State and Central Information Commissions,\n which are the courts of appeal under the RTI Act, failed to impose\n penalties in about 97% of the cases where violations took place in\n 2018-19.<\/li><li>The State Commissions of Tamil Nadu,\n Sikkim, Mizoram and Tripura did not impose penalties in any cases at all.<\/li><li>Apart from fines, the commissions also\n have the power to recommend disciplinary action against officials for\n persistent violations of the RTI Act. Only 10 states invoked these powers.<\/li><li>The commissions have an increasing\n workload, which is leading to a huge pendency of cases. There were 2.18\n lakh cases pending with the commissions in March 2019, in comparison with\n 1.85 lakh pending cases a year earlier.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\nInformation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Right to\nInformation Act, 2005:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>RTI Act provides for timely disclosure of\n information by citizens from both central and State Public Authorities. It\n seeks to empower citizens and promote accountability and transparency.<\/li><li>Under the Act, Public Authorities are\n required to make disclosures on various aspects of their structure and\n functioning.&nbsp; This includes<ul><li>disclosure on their organisation<\/li><li>functions and structure<\/li><li>powers and duties of its officers and\n employees and<\/li><li>Financial information.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Central Information\nCommission:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is a statutory body established under\n RTI Act, 2005. It is constituted by central government.<\/li><li>It consists of the Central Information\n Commissioner and not more than ten Information commissioners.<\/li><li>The President of India appoints the Chief\n Information commissioner and the information commissioners on the\n recommendation of the committee consisting of the Prime Minister as\n chairperson, the leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha and one union\n cabinet ministers nominated by the Prime Minister.<\/li><li>The Chief Information commissioner (CIC)\n and an information commissioner&nbsp;holds office for five years or until\n they attain the age of 65 years. CIC is not eligible for reappointment.\n CIC submits its report to parliament.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>State Information\nCommission<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is a statutory body established under\n RTI Act, 2005. It is constituted by state government.<\/li><li>It consists of the Central Information\n Commissioner and not more than ten Information commissioners.<\/li><li>The Governor of State appoints the State\n Information commissioner and the information commissioners on the\n recommendation of the committee consisting of the Chief Minister as\n chairperson, the leader of the opposition in the state Legislative\n Assembly and one state cabinet ministers nominated by the Prime Minister.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/ethiopian-pm-abiy-ahmed-ali-wins-peace-nobel\/article29655551.ece\">Nobel\nPeace Prize<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>&nbsp;The prime minister of Ethiopia, Abiy\nAhmed, has won the 2019 Nobel peace prize. He was recognised for starting peace\ntalks with Eritrea and establishing a peace agreement to end the long stalemate\nbetween the two countries. He has also brought reforms in Ethiopia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Nobel Peace\nPrize<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five\n Nobel Prizes.<\/li><li>Since 1901, it has been awarded annually\n (with some exceptions) to those who have \u201cdone the most or the best work\n for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing\n armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses\u201d<\/li><li>The recipient is selected by the Norwegian\n Nobel Committee, a five-member committee appointed by the Parliament of\n Norway.<\/li><li>Recipient of the first Nobel Peace prize\n were Frenchman Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Passy and the Swiss Jean Henry Dunant.<\/li><li>Indians who received Nobel Peace Prize:\n Mother Teresa (1979) and Kailash Satyarthi (2014).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\nInformation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nobel Prize<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Nobel Prize is a set of annual\n international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and\n Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific\n advances.<\/li><li>The will of the Swedish chemist, engineer\n and industrialist Alfred Nobel established the Nobel prizes in physics,\n chemistry, medicine, peace and literature in 1895.<\/li><li>The award for Economics was created by\n Sweden\u2019s Central Bank in 1968. It is officially known as Sveriges Riksbank\n Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/simply-put-delhi-diplomacy-to-fight-disaster-climate-change-action-pm-modi-6064999\/\">Coalition\nfor Disaster Resilient Infrastructure<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>&nbsp;While speaking at the UN Secretary\nGeneral\u2019s Climate Action Summit in New York on September 23, Prime Minister\nNarendra Modi had announced the launch of the Coalition for Disaster Resilient\nInfrastructure (CDRI)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Coalition for\nDisaster Resilient Infrastructure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is an international knowledge and\n capacity development platform where countries can collaborate to make\n their existing and new infrastructure strong enough to withstand natural\n disasters.<\/li><li><strong>Aim<\/strong>: To rapidly expand the development of resilient infrastructure and\n retrofit existing infrastructure for resilience, and to enable a\n measurable reduction in infrastructure losses. Also seeks to act as an\n intersection of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the\n Paris Climate Agreement.<\/li><li><strong>Objectives:<\/strong><ul><li>identify and promote best practices,<\/li><li>provide access to capacity building,<\/li><li>Work towards standardisation of designs,\n processes and regulations relating to infrastructure creation and\n management.<\/li><li>Identify and estimate the risks to, and\n from, large infrastructure in the event of different kinds of disasters\n in member countries.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>CDRI secretariat will be set up in New\n Delhi, India. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is\n operating as the interim secretariat of CDRI as of now.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Sendai\nFramework<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is a 15-year, voluntary, non-binding\n agreement on disaster risk reduction.<\/li><li>It was adopted in 2015 at the Third UN\n World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai City, Miyagi\n Prefecture, Japan.<\/li><li>It is the successor instrument to the\n Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations\n and Communities to Disasters.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Paris agreement\n(2015)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is an international agreement with the\n framework of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.<\/li><li>It seeks to combat climate change and\n accelerate the actions and investments needed for a sustainable low carbon\n future.<\/li><li>The Paris agreement aims to:<ul><li>keep global temperature rise in 21st\n century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and<\/li><li>pursue efforts to limit the temperature\n increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1587869\">Kayakalp awards<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Union Health and Family Welfare Minister has\npresented the kayakalp Awards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Under A category,the first prize of Rs 3\n crore was given to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences\n (AIIMS),Delhi.<\/li><li>In the group B category, the winner was\n Shri Vinoba Bhave Civil Hospital (VBCH),Silvassa winning \u20b92 crore.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Kayakalp\nAwards:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Kayakalp Award was&nbsp; instituted as\n part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in 2015.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Objective of the\naward:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>To promote cleanliness, hygiene and\n infection control practices in public health care facilities<\/li><li>To incentivize and recognize such public\n healthcare facilities that show exemplary performance in adhering to\n standard protocols of cleanliness and infection control<\/li><li>To inculcate a culture of ongoing\n assessment and peer review of performance related to hygiene, cleanliness\n and sanitation<\/li><li>To create and share sustainable practices\n related to improved cleanliness in public health facilities linked to\n positive health outcomes.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The awards would be distributed based on\n the performance of the facility on these parameters (a)sanitation and\n hygiene (b)infection control, (c)hospital upkeep (d)waste management and\n (e)community participation&nbsp;<\/li><li>The assessment of these parameters would\n be done sequentially through a three tier system \u2013 internal assessment\n followed by peer assessment and then external assessment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/education\/initiative-to-set-up-kanyashree-university-to-empower-girls-mamata-banerjee-6064266\/\">Kanyashree\nscheme<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>West Bengal government has decided to set up\nKanyashree University in Nadia district and Kanyashree colleges across the\nstate so as to empower girls.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Kanyashree\nscheme:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Kanyashree scheme was started by the\n West Bengal government to empower girls in 2013.&nbsp;<\/li><li>In 2017,the Kanyashree scheme won the\n United Nations for Public Service award for its Kanyashree scheme.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>To ensure that girls study in schools and\n delay their marriages until they attain 18 years of age.&nbsp;<\/li><li>To empower girls from school to university\n level so that they can become independent women.&nbsp;<\/li><li>To improve the status and well-being of\n girls, particularly those from socio- economically disadvantaged families\n through conditional cash transfers.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Components of the\nscheme:<\/strong>The scheme has two cash\ntransfer components<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An annual incentive of Rs 750 is given to\n girls in the age group 13 to 18 years old and studying in Class 8 for\n every year till they continue their education\u2013provided they are unmarried\n at the time.<\/li><li>One-time grant of Rs 25,000 is also given\n to girls once they attain the age of 18 years, provided they are engaged\n in an academic or occupational pursuit and unmarried.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1587894\">Exercise DHARMA\nGUARDIAN<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Exercise DHARMA GUARDIAN-219 between India and\nJapan will be conducted at Vairengte,Mizoram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About the exercise:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Exercise DHARMA GUARDIAN is an annual\n joint military exercise between Indian and Japan since 2018.<\/li><li>The exercise aims to share experience\n gained during various Counter Terrorism Operations in respective\n Countries.<\/li><li>The exercise also covers platoon level\n joint training on counter terrorism operations in jungle and urban\n scenario.<\/li><li>The exercise with Japan is crucial and\n significant in terms of security challenges faced by both the nations in\n the backdrop of global terrorism.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other exercises\nbetween India and Japan:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>JIMEX-<\/strong>&nbsp;It is a bilateral maritime exercise between India and Japan.<\/li><li><strong>Exercise Malabar<\/strong>\u2013 It is a trilateral naval exercise\n involving the United States, Japan and India as permanent partners.<\/li><li><strong>Sahayog-Kaijin<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 It is a joint bilateral exercise\n between Indian Coast Guard and the Japan Coast Guard.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/news\/india\/government-launches-suman-scheme-assures-free-medicines-for-pregnant-women-11570704991082.html\">Surakshit\nMatritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) scheme<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Union Minister for Health along with several\nState Health Ministers launched Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) initiative\nfor Zero Preventable Maternal and Newborn Deaths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About SUMAN:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The scheme aims to provide dignified and\n quality health care at no cost to every woman and newborn visiting a\n public health facility in order to bring down maternal and infant\n mortality rates in the country,<\/li><li>Under the scheme, pregnant women, mothers\n up to 6 months after delivery and all sick newborns will be able to avail\n free healthcare benefits such as four antenatal check-ups and six\n home-based newborn care visits.<\/li><li>The scheme will enable zero expense access\n to the identification and management of complications during and after the\n pregnancy.<\/li><li>The government will also provide free\n transport from home to health institutions.<\/li><li>The pregnant women will also have a zero\n expense delivery and C-section facility in case of complications at public\n health facilities.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Maternal mortality\nrate:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Maternal mortality refers to the number of\n maternal deaths which occur due to pregnancy or as a result of a\n complication of the same.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Maternal mortality rate(MMR) is taken as\n the number of recorded maternal deaths, for every 1 lakh live births.<\/li><li>According to the government,India\u2019s\n maternal mortality rate has declined from 254 per 1,00,000 live births in\n 2004-06 to 130 in 2014-16.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Infant mortality\nrate:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Infant mortality rate(IMR) is the number\n of deaths per 1,000 live births of children under one year of age.<\/li><li>Between 2001 and 2016, the infant\n mortality rate has also come down from 66 per 1,000 live births to 34.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/article\/pti-stories\/dilution-of-s-d-provisions-for-developing-countries-would-lead-to-continuation-of-deadlock-in-wto-119100901210_1.html\">Special\nand differential(S&amp;D) treatment<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>India China and several African nations has\ncautioned against diluting special and differential treatment provisions\nrelated to developing countries, as it would lead to deadlock at the WTO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Special and\ndifferential treatment:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The WTO Agreements contain special\n provisions which give developing countries special rights and which give\n developed countries the possibility to treat developing countries more\n favourably than other WTO Members.<\/li><li>These provisions are referred to as\n \u201cspecial and differential treatment\u201d (S&amp;D) provisions.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The special\nprovisions include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>longer time periods for implementing\n Agreements and commitments,<\/li><li>measures to increase trading opportunities\n for developing countries,<\/li><li>provisions requiring all WTO members to\n safeguard the trade interests of developing countries,<\/li><li>support to help developing countries build\n the capacity to carry out WTO work, handle disputes, and implement\n technical standards, and<\/li><li>provisions related to least-developed\n country (LDC) Members.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Issues with S&amp;D\nprovisions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Currently, any WTO member can designate\n itself as a developing country and avail these benefits.<\/li><li>In the case of least developed countries,\n the status is given as per the per capita income status of the UN.<\/li><li>However,the US has opposed self-selection\n of the developing country status and demanded stopping of developing\n country concessions to several of these countries, including China and\n India.<\/li><li>But India and the others have maintained\n that there was a need to ensure that S&amp;D treatment remains as they are\n still home to a large number of poor and vulnerable sections.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/technology\/science\/an-eel-like-the-bhujia-scientists-in-kerala-discover-new-subterranean-fish-species-6060452\/\">Pangio\nbhujia<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Researchers from Kerala have discovered a new\nspecies of eel-loach named \u2018Pangio bhujia\u2019 in Kozhikode district of state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Pangio\nBhujia:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The species has been named \u2018Pangio bhujia\u2019\n due to its resemblance to the North Indian snack, bhujia.It belongs to\n genus Pangio.<\/li><li>Pangio Bhujia is a unique species of\n miniature well-dwelling subterranean fish.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It is the first species of eel-loach in\n the world that has been discovered to be living in subterranean\n environments.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Eel-loaches are generally found in\n fast-flowing streams in the south and the south-east Asia.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Characteristics:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is approximately 3 centimetres long and\n pinkish-red in colour.It resides in purest waters of deep subterranean\n aquifers.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It has several unique characters including\n absence of dorsal fin which has never been encountered in genus Pangio to\n which this new species belongs.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/m.dailyhunt.in\/news\/india\/english\/first+post-epaper-fposteng\/govt+plans+national+centre+to+coordinate+ops+against+lwes+first+time+since+1989+incidents+of+maoist+violence+below+500-newsid-141037006\">National\nCoordination Center<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Government of India is planning to set up a\nNational Coordination Center (NCC) that will function as a data bank of\nMaoists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About NCC:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The National Coordination Center (NCC)\n will act as a synergy point for anti \u2013 Maoist operations and intelligence\n gathering.<\/li><li>It will create a strategy for security\n agencies to counter support received by the Maoist leaders.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It will also control the sympathy gained\n or created by the Maoists in the social media.<\/li><li>It will utilize knowledge of retired\n police officers who served in anti \u2013 Maoist operations in Odisha, Andhra\n Pradesh and Chattisgarh.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The coordination center will also identify\n the sources of finance to the Maoists and work to neutralize the network.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Maoism:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Maoism originated in China as a form of\n Communist theory derived from the teachings of the Chinese political\n leader Mao Zedong.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It was widely applied as the political and\n military guiding ideology of the Communist Party of China till 1977-78.&nbsp;<\/li><li>It emphasised the advancement of people\u2019s\n social and economic life by establishing a classless society through armed\n revolution.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Naxals:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Naxalism originated as a rebellion against\n lack of development and poverty at the local level in the rural parts of\n eastern India.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The term \u2018Naxal\u2019 derives its name from a\n village called Naxalbari in the State of West Bengal where the movement\n had its origin under the leadership of Charu Majumdar and Kanu Sanyal.<\/li><li>The Naxals are considered far left radical\n communists who support Maoist political ideology.<\/li><li>Their origin can be traced to the split\n that took place in the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1967. It led\n to the formation of Communist Party of India (Marxist and Leninist).&nbsp;<\/li><li>Initially the movement had its centre in\n West Bengal.Thereafter, it spread into Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and\n Andhra Pradesh.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/news\/india\/govt-plans-to-amend-arms-act-11570719296791.html\">Draft\nArms (Amendment) Bill<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Union Home Ministry has released a Draft\nArms(Amendment) Bill.It amend the Arms Act,1959.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Features of the\nbill:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The bill proposes an amendment to convict\n makers and users of illegal arms.It says that the makers of prohibited\n arms and those carrying such arms have to spend the remainder of their\n life in prison if convicted.<\/li><li>The bill also says that anyone possessing\n more than 2 licensed gun has to deposit the third one with the\n authorities.<\/li><li>The amendment also categorizes illegal\n import of guns and their sales as illicit trade.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A sports person can possess a third weapon\n of 0.22 calibre rifle only if the user is a dedicated sports person whose\n participation is recognized in national and international events in the\n last 2 years.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About Arms\nact,1959:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The act was legislated to consolidate and\n amend the laws related to arms and ammunition.It replaced the Arms Act\n 1878.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The act has undergone many changes since\n 1959. The most recent change in the act was done in 2010 through an\n amendment for the arms act.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The act briefs rules and regulations about\n acquisition, manufacture, possession, sale, import and export ammunition\n in India.It also provides provisions related to licenses.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The act lists the punishments associated\n with breaking rules related to the act.It also provides details on powers\n that the officials possess to enact it.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-standard.com\/article\/pti-stories\/global-fund-raises-13-92-billion-to-fight-aids-tb-malaria-119101001176_1.html\">Global\nFund raises $13.92 billion to fight AIDS, TB, malaria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>French President has said that the Global Fund\nto fight against AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria(GFATM) has raised at least USD\n13.92 billion for the next three years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About GFATM:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Global Fund to fight against AIDS,\n tuberculosis and malaria(GFATM) is an international financial\n organization.<\/li><li>It aims to attract, leverage and invest\n additional resources to end epidemics of HIV\/AIDS, tuberculosis and\n malaria.<\/li><li>It is a partnership between governments,\n civil society, the private sector and people affected by the diseases.<\/li><li>It was formed in 2002.It is headquartered\n in Geneva,Switzerland.<\/li><li>The organisation mobilizes and invests\n more than US$4 billion a year to support programmes run by local experts\n in more than 100 countries.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>India and GFATM:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India shares a sustained partnership with\n the Global Fund since 2002 both as recipient and as a donor.<\/li><li>In the current funding cycle (2018-21),\n the Global Fund has allocated US$ 500 million to India.<\/li><li>As a donor,India has contributed US$ 46.5\n million so far till 2019 including US$ 20 million for the 5th\n Replenishment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/india-rejects-rcep-e-commerce-chapter\/article29659912.ece\">India\nrejects RCEP e-commerce chapter<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>India has rejected the e-commerce chapter of\nthe Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What did the\ne-commerce chapter contains?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The e-commerce chapter contains clauses\n which if India had agreed to them,would have prevented India from\n implementing data localisation rules on companies doing business in India.<\/li><li>Instead, India has proposed that\n participating country can locate the computing facilities inside the\n country if it is meant to protect its essential security interests and\n national interests.<\/li><li>However,India\u2019s alternate proposal has\n been opposed by the 14 members of the 16-country RCEP countries.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What has India\nagreed to?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India is learnt to have agreed to\n financial transfer chapter in the agreement.<\/li><li>The chapter says that the financial\n services companies will be allowed to move and store data of Indians\n abroad.&nbsp;<\/li><li>This proposal is crucial as the Reserve\n Bank of India\u2019s (RBI) in its April 2018 notification mandated all system\n providers shall ensure that the entire data relating to payment systems\n operated by them are stored in a system only in India.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Data localisation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Data localisation is the act of storing\n data on any device physically present within the borders of a country.<\/li><li>Localisation mandates that companies\n collecting critical data about consumers must store and process them\n within the borders of the country.<\/li><li>The main intent behind data localisation\n is to protect the personal and financial information of the country\u2019s\n citizens and residents from foreign surveillance and give local\n governments and regulators the jurisdiction to call for the data when\n required.<\/li><li>The data localisation is also essential to\n national security.Storing of data locally is expected to help\n law-enforcement agencies to access information that is needed for the\n detection of a crime or to gather evidence.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C40 World Mayors Summit News:&nbsp;C40 World Mayors Summit is being held at Copenhagen, Denmark Facts: Key Takeaways: C40 Good Food Cities Declaration It was signed by the mayors of Barcelona, Copenhagen, Guadalajara, Lima, London, Los Angeles, Milan, Oslo, Paris, Quezon City, Seoul, Stockholm, Tokyo and Toronto. As part of the declaration, mayors of these cities&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-october-12th-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 October 12th, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":48116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9-PM-Brief.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704921669},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53051"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53051\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}