{"id":53625,"date":"2019-11-01T19:00:18","date_gmt":"2019-11-01T13:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=53625"},"modified":"2019-11-01T17:36:50","modified_gmt":"2019-11-01T12:06:50","slug":"7-pm-quantum-computer-supremacy-1st-november-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-quantum-computer-supremacy-1st-november-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"7 PM | Quantum Computer Supremacy | 1st November, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Context:\n<\/strong>Quantum\nComputers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>More\nin news:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Megacorps such as Microsoft, IBM, and\nGoogle have been working on quantum computers. <\/li><li>Google and NASA have just announced that\nthey have achieved &#8216;quantum supremacy&#8217;.&nbsp;Their quantum computer solved a\nproblem in 200 seconds that would take the world\u2019s fastest supercomputer 10,000\nyears.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Computer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A computer is a programmable machine. The two principal characteristics of a computer are: <ul><li>It responds to a specific set of\u00a0instructions\u00a0in a well-defined manner <\/li><li>It can\u00a0execute\u00a0a prerecorded list of instructions (a\u00a0program).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Modern computers are electronic and\u00a0digital. The actual machinery\u00a0\u2014\u00a0wires,\u00a0transistors, and circuits\u00a0\u2014\u00a0is called\u00a0hardware; the instructions and\u00a0data\u00a0are called\u00a0software.<\/li><li>Computers are generally classified by size and power as follows, although there is considerable overlap. The differences between computer classifications generally get smaller as technology advances, creating smaller and more powerful and cost-friendly components.<ul><li><strong>Personal computer:<\/strong>\u00a0a small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboard for entering data, a monitor for displaying information, and a storage device for saving data.<\/li><li><strong>Workstation:\u00a0<\/strong>a powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor.<\/li><li><strong>Minicomputer:<\/strong>\u00a0a multi-user computer capable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.<\/li><li><strong>Mainframe:<\/strong>\u00a0a powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.<\/li><li><strong>Supercomputer:<\/strong>\u00a0an extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Supercomputer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A&nbsp;supercomputer&nbsp;is the\nfastest&nbsp;computer&nbsp;in the world that can process a significant amount\nof data very quickly. <\/li><li>The computing Performance of a\n&#8220;supercomputer&#8221; is measured very high as compared to a general\npurpose computer. It&nbsp;is measured in FLOPS (that is floating-point\noperations per second) instead of MIPS. <\/li><li>The&nbsp;supercomputer&nbsp;consists of\ntens of thousands of processors which can perform billions and trillions of\ncalculations per second, or you can say that supercomputers can deliver up to\nnearly a hundred quadrillions of FLOPS.<\/li><li>As of 2018, the largest supercomputer is\nthe Sunway TaihuLight in China. The Sunway TaihuLight is capable of 93\npetaflops of processing power and uses a custom operating system, called Sunway\nRaiseOS.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Quantum\nComputer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A quantum computer is any device for\ncomputation that makes direct use of distinctively quantum mechanical\nphenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on\ndata.<\/li><li>In a classical computer, information is\nstored as bits; in a quantum computer, it is stored as qubits (quantum bits).<\/li><li>The basic principle of quantum computation\nis that the quantum properties can be used to represent and structure data and\nthat quantum mechanisms can be devised and built to perform operations with\nthis data.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How\nDo Quantum Computers Work?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Quantum computers&nbsp;perform\ncalculations based on the probability of an object&#8217;s state before it is\nmeasured &#8211; instead of just 1s or 0s &#8211; which means they have the potential to\nprocess exponentially more data compared to classical computers.<\/li><li>Classical computers carry out logical\noperations using the definite position of a physical state. These are usually\nbinary, meaning its operations are based on one of two positions. A single\nstate &#8211; such as on or off, up or down, 1 or 0 &#8211; is called a&nbsp;bit.<\/li><li>In&nbsp;quantum computing, operations\ninstead use the quantum state of an object to produce what&#8217;s known as\na&nbsp;qubit. These states are the undefined properties of an object before\nthey&#8217;ve been detected, such as the spin of an electron or the polarisation of a\nphoton.<\/li><li>Rather than having a clear position,\nunmeasured quantum states occur in a mixed &#8216;superposition&#8217;.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Possible\nAreas of Quantum computing benefits to mankind:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Study\nof Exoplanets: <\/strong>Astronomers hunting down exoplanets have mountains of\npetabytes of data that needs to be processed in order to obtain scientifically\nrelevant insights from it, and this is the sort of data processing that we\nthink quantum computing will change in a transformative way.<\/li><li><strong>In\nmedicine<\/strong>,\nquantum computing can possibly accelerate the pace of medical breakthroughs at\nan incredible rate by processing the kinds of multiple-variable problems that\nmake research in these fields such a challenge. By exploiting the quantum\nsuperposition of qubits to model the kinds of analysis used when researching\ndiseases and developing new medicines, we might discover all kinds of new\nmedicines and treatments.<\/li><li><strong>&nbsp;Superconductivity: <\/strong>The\nmost significant development might be in physics, where researchers exploring\nsuperconductivity hope to one day use quantum computing to identify a material\nthat is superconductive at room temperature by using qubits to model different\ncompounds and test their characteristics.<\/li><li>If such a superconductor is found, then\nthat&nbsp;will&nbsp;change everything, honestly. It&nbsp;would allow us to\neliminate energy loss from the transmission of electricity and transform our\nenergy grid, reducing the power generation required to power everything to a\nfraction of what it is today. If we get our power requirements down enough and\nwe could power the world on renewable energy very, very soon.<\/li><li><strong>Artificial\nIntelligence: <\/strong>This could be rocket fuel for artificial intelligence\n(AI), with quantum computing offering quick feedbacks and collapsing the\nlearning curve of machines. This will make AI more intuitive, expand to various\nindustries and help build artificial general intelligence.<\/li><li><strong>Climate\nChange and weather forecasting: <\/strong>Another application lies in weather\nforecasting and, more importantly, climate-change predictions. It will require\nthe tremendous power of quantum computing to create complex, ever-changing\nweather models to properly predict and respond to the climate cataclysm that\nawaits us.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quantum computers\nhave the potential to revolutionize computation by making certain types of\nclassically intractable problems solvable. Google and NASA\u2019s announcement of\nachieving &#8216;quantum supremacy&#8217;, opens up a completely new era where we can now\nfocus on building quantum computers with practical benefits and while this will\nstill be many years away, it will be the new frontier in computation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:\n<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/quantum-supremacy-and-the-cat-that-s-neither-alive-nor-dead-11572543969296.html\">https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/quantum-supremacy-and-the-cat-that-s-neither-alive-nor-dead-11572543969296.html<\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Context: Quantum Computers More in news: Megacorps such as Microsoft, IBM, and Google have been working on quantum computers. Google and NASA have just announced that they have achieved &#8216;quantum supremacy&#8217;.&nbsp;Their quantum computer solved a problem in 200 seconds that would take the world\u2019s fastest supercomputer 10,000 years. Computer: A computer is a programmable machine.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/7-pm-quantum-computer-supremacy-1st-november-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">7 PM | Quantum Computer Supremacy | 1st November, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":49370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7-PM.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1702795629},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53625"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53625\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}