{"id":54389,"date":"2020-01-20T21:00:03","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T15:30:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=54389"},"modified":"2020-02-26T17:11:10","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T11:41:10","slug":"9-pm-current-affairs-brief-january-20th-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-january-20th-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 20th, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/economy\/indicators\/wealth-of-indias-richest-1-more-than-4-times-of-total-for-70-poorest-oxfam\/articleshow\/73416122.cms\"><strong>Oxfam:Time to\nCare report<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Oxfam, an international non-profit organisation has released the study\n&#8216;Time to Care&#8217; ahead of the 50th Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum\n(WEF).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Report\non Global inequality:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The world&#8217;s 2,153 billionaires\nhave more wealth than 4.6 billion people.<\/li><li>The 22 richest men have more\nwealth than all the women in Africa. <\/li><li>The world&#8217;s richest 1% have more\nthan twice as much wealth as 6.9 billion people.<\/li><li>The value of unpaid care work by\nwomen aged 15 and over is $10.8 trillion annually.<\/li><li>The number of billionaires has\ndoubled over the past decade.<\/li><li>The women and girls are among\nthose who benefit least from economic system.It would take a female domestic\nworker 22,277 years to earn what a top CEO of a tech company makes in one year,<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Report\non India:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India&#8217;s richest 1% hold more than\nfour-times the wealth held by the bottom 70 per cent of the country&#8217;s\npopulation<\/li><li>The total wealth of 63 Indian\nbillionaires was higher than last year&#8217;s Union Budget of India 2018-2019.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recommendations\non reducing inequality:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Government should build national\ncare systems, provide free public services and increase taxes on the wealthy. <\/li><li>It also suggests countries should\ntry to limit the influence of corporations and the super rich.<\/li><li>It said that if the government\ngets the richest 1% to pay just 0.5% extra tax on their wealth over the next 10\nyears would equal the investment needed to create 117 million jobs in sectors\nsuch as elderly and childcare, education and health.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/news\/india\/india-successfully-test-fires-3-500-km-range-k-4-nuclear-capable-missile-11579450971959.html\"><strong>India\nsuccessfully test-fires K-4 nuclear capable missile<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>India has successfully test-fired the 3,500-km range K-4 submarine\nlaunched ballistic missile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nK-4 missile:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>K-4 is a nuclear-capable\nIntermediate-range submarine-launched ballistic missile.<\/li><li>The missile has been developed by\nIndia\u2019s Defence Research and Development Organisation(DRDO).<\/li><li>The missile has a maximum range of\nabout 3500 km.It is powered by solid rocket propellants.<\/li><li>The missile is to be fitted into\nthe indigenously built Arihant-class nuclear-powered submarines of the Indian\nNavy.<\/li><li>Only the US, Russia and China have\nsubmarine-launched ballistic missiles of 3,500-kilometre range.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Significance\nof K-4 missile:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The K-4 missile has a Circular\nError Probability(CEP) of 40 metres or less which is much more sophisticated\nthan Chinese missile<\/li><li>Circular Error Probability(CEP) is\nan indicator of the delivery accuracy of a weapon system.It is used as a factor\nin determining probable damage to a target.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nINS Arihant:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>INS Arihant is an indigenously\ndesigned nuclear-propelled, nuclear ballistic missile submarine(SSBN).<\/li><li>The missiles are envisaged for\nthis purpose are (a)the Sagarika with a range of 750 km and (b)the K-4 with a\nrange of 3500 km.<\/li><li>The missile is designed to prowl\nthe deep ocean waters carrying nuclear weapons and provide an assured second\nstrike capability which is the capability to strike back after being hit by\nnuclear weapons first.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/centre-for-tougher-law-against-sexual-harassment-at-work\/article30601660.ece\"><strong>Centre for\ntougher law against sexual harassment at work<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The Group of Ministers (GoM) headed by Home Minister which was\nconstituted to strengthen the legal framework to prevent sexual harassment at\nthe workplace has finalised its recommendations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Background:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Group of Ministers (GoM) was\nformed in the backdrop of the #MeToo movement.<\/li><li>MeToo is a global campaign against\nsexual harassment and assault where women from all over the world open up and\nshare their stories throwing light on sexual abuse prevalent in our society.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nSexual Harassment:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sexual harassment is a behaviour\nwith a sexual connotation that is abusive,injurious and unwelcome and makes a\nperson feel offended, humiliated and intimidated.<\/li><li>The International Labour\nOrganization (ILO) recognizes sexual harassment at workplace both as an aspect\nof gender discrimination and as a form of violence against women.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nSexual Harassment of Women and Workplace Act, 2013:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sexual Harassment of Women at\nWorkplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act was passed in 2013.The\nact broadens the Vishaka guidelines which were already in place.<\/li><li>The act aims to prevent and\nprotect women against sexual harassment at workplace and to ensure effective\nredressal of complaints of sexual harassment.<\/li><li>It defines an aggrieved victim as\na woman of any age whether employed or not who alleges to have been subjected\nto any act of sexual harassment.<\/li><li>The act made the employer\nresponsible to prevent or deter acts of sexual harassment at the workplace.It\nsays that employer must constitute an Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) at\neach office or branch with 10 or more employees.<\/li><li>It says that complaint has to be\nmade within 3 months from the date of the incident.For a series of incidents,it\nhas to be made within three months from the date of the last incident.<\/li><li>However, this time-frame is not\nrigid as the ICC can extend the time limit if it is satisfied that the\ncircumstances were such which prevented the woman from filing a complaint in\nthat period.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nVishakha Guidelines:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The guidelines date back to 1997\nwhen the Supreme Court laid them down while passing judgment in a public\ninterest litigation filed by Vishaka and other women\u2019s rights groups.<\/li><li>The judgement defined sexual\nharassment for the first time and imposed three key obligations on institutions\nnamely prohibition,prevention and redressal.<\/li><li>The Court also directed\ninstitutions to establish a Complaints Committee,which would look into matters\nof sexual harassment of women at the workplace.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/146-irrawaddy-dolphins-sighted-in-chilika\/article30600863.ece\"><strong>146 Irrawaddy\ndolphins sighted in Odisha&#8217;s Chilika<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Recently,Odisha Forest Department has sighted 146 endangered Irrawaddy\ndolphins in Chilika Lake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nIrrawaddy Dolphins:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Irrawaddy Dolphins(Orcaella\nBrevirostris) are oceanic dolphin found in brackish water near coasts, river\nmouths and estuaries in South and Southeast Asia.<\/li><li><strong>Habitat:<\/strong>It extends from the Bay of Bengal to\nNew Guinea and the Philippines.<\/li><li>They are found in three rivers\nnamely The Irrawaddy (Myanmar), the Mahakam (Indonesian Borneo) and the Mekong.<\/li><li><strong>Features:<\/strong>They have a bulging forehead and\nshort beak.They pop out their head out of the water to breathe followed by its\nback.<\/li><li><strong>Status:<\/strong>They are listed as Endangered under the\nIUCN Red list.<\/li><li><strong>Population:<\/strong>The total population in the world\nis estimated to be less than 7,500.Of these,around 6,400 Irrawaddy dolphins\nhave been reported from Bangladesh.<\/li><li>The dolphin distribution in\nChilika is considered to be the highest single lagoon population.<\/li><li><strong>Threat:<\/strong>They had been under stress in Chilika\nlake due to unregulated boating by tourists as well as illegal prawn\nenclosures.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nChilika lake:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Chilika lake is the Asia\u2019s largest\nbrackish water lake.It is located at the Daya River flowing into the Bay of\nBengal.<\/li><li>The lake is also the second\nlargest coastal lagoon in the world after the New Caledonian barrier reef in\nNew Caledonia.<\/li><li>Chilika lake was also designated\nas a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention in 1981.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-after-hype-over-hyperloop-why-theres-a-question-mark-over-ultra-modern-project-6223864\/\"><strong>Explained:About\nHyperloop technology <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The proposed Pune-Mumbai Hyperloop project,an ultra-modern transport\nsystem may be scrapped by the Maharashtra government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nHyperloop:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hyperloop is a proposed mode of\ntransportation that moves freight and people quickly, safely, on-demand and\ndirect from origin to destination. <\/li><li>The concept was first proposed by\nElon Musk,CEO of the aerospace firm SpaceX.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How\ndoes Hyperloop works?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hyperloop technology comprises of\na network of tubes through which a pod may travel free of air resistance or\nfriction conveying people or objects from one point to another.<\/li><li>The system is fully autonomous and\nsealed, so no driver-related error is anticipated.In a sealed environment with\nalmost no air resistance,the pods are expected to reach very high speeds of\naround 700 mph or 1,125 km\/h.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nMumbai-Pune Hyperloop Project:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In 2018,Maharashtra Government had\napproved the Mumbai-Pune Hyperloop project.<\/li><li>The responsibility of the project\nwas given to the Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority (PMRDA) which\nannounced that the project will be implemented in two phases.<\/li><li>However,the current government has\nsaid that Hyperloop project will be implemented after it has been successfully\nimplemented elsewhere in the world.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oxfam:Time to Care report News:Oxfam, an international non-profit organisation has released the study &#8216;Time to Care&#8217; ahead of the 50th Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF). Facts: Report on Global inequality: The world&#8217;s 2,153 billionaires have more wealth than 4.6 billion people. The 22 richest men have more wealth than all the women&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-january-20th-2020\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 20th, 2020<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":48116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9-PM-Brief.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704941133},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54389"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54389\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}