{"id":54406,"date":"2020-01-22T21:00:47","date_gmt":"2020-01-22T15:30:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=54406"},"modified":"2020-02-26T17:32:39","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T12:02:39","slug":"9-pm-current-affairs-brief-january-22th-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-january-22th-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 22th, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moneycontrol.com\/news\/world\/global-unemployment-projected-to-rise-by-around-2-5-million-in-2020-un-labour-report-4839081.html\"><strong>World\nEmployment and Social Outlook Trends 2020 (WESO) report:ILO<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The United Nations International Labour Organization(ILO) has released\nthe World Employment and Social Outlook Trends 2020 (WESO) report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nthe report:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The report analyses key labour\nmarket issues, including unemployment, labour underutilisation, working\npoverty, income inequality, labour income share and factors that exclude people\nfrom decent work.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key\nfindings of the report:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The number of people unemployed\naround the world stands at some 188 million in 2019.This is projected to\nincrease further by around 2.5 million in 2020.<\/li><li>Around 267 million young people\naged 15-24 are not in employment, education or training and many more endure\nsubstandard working conditions.<\/li><li>Around 285 million are considered\nunderemployed meaning they either work less than they want to or have given up\nsearching for work or otherwise lack access to the labour market.<\/li><li>The percentage of the global\nworkforce who work in the informal economy are around 60%.<\/li><li>Around 630 million people in 2019\nhave lived in working poverty meaning they made less than $3.20 per day in\npurchasing power parity.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recommendations\nfor reducing unemployment:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The report has suggested that\ncountries should ensure that economic growth and development occurs in a way\nthat leads to the reduction of poverty and better working conditions.<\/li><li>It has also recommended for\nstructural transformation, technological upgrading and diversification in\nglobal as well as national economies.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nILO:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The International Labour\nOrganization (ILO) was founded in 1919 to promote social justice and thereby\ncontribute to universal and lasting peace.<\/li><li>It is responsible for drawing up\nand overseeing international labour standards.<\/li><li>It is the only tripartite United\nNations agency that brings together representatives of governments, employers\nand workers to jointly shape policies and programmes promoting decent work for\nall.<\/li><li>The six conventions of ILO which\nhave been ratified by India are (a) Forced Labour Convention (b) Abolition of\nForced Labour Convention (c)Equal Remuneration Convention (d) Discrimination\n(Employment Occupation) Convention (e) Minimum Age Convention and (f) Worst\nforms of Child Labour Convention.<\/li><li>The other two conventions namely\n(a) Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organised Convention\n(b) Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention has not been\nratified by India.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/news\/india\/govt-sets-up-national-startup-advisory-council-11579614976654.html\"><strong>Govt sets up\nNational Startup Advisory Council<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Government has set up the National Startup Advisory Council to advise\nthe government on nurturing the culture of innovation among the citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNational Startup advisory Council:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>National Startup Advisory Council\nwas formed with an aim to drive sustainable economic growth and generate\nemployment opportunities.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Composition\nof the Council:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Council will be chaired by\ncommerce and industry minister.<\/li><li>Joint secretary of Department for\nPromotion of Industry and Internal Trade will be the convener of the body.<\/li><li>It will also consist of\nnon-official members to be nominated by the government from various categories\nsuch as founders of successful startups, veterans who have grown and scaled\ncompanies.<\/li><li>The term of the non-official\nmembers of the council will be for a period of two years.<\/li><li>The nominees of the ministries or\ndepartments concerned will not be below the rank of joint secretaryThey will be\nnominated as the ex-officio members of the council. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mandate\nof the Council:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Council will suggest measures\nto foster a culture of innovation amongst citizens and students in particular,\npromote innovation in all sectors of the economy across the country.<\/li><li>It will also suggest measures to\nfacilitate public organisations to assimilate innovation with a view to\nimproving public service delivery, promote creation, protection and\ncommercialization of intellectual property rights.<\/li><li>It will also suggest measures to\nmake it easier to start, operate, grow and exit businesses by reducing\nregulatory compliances and costs, promote ease of access to capital for\nstartups.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/jharia-most-polluted-place-in-india-in-2018-greenpeace-report\/story-3hgwyfQjgrXpQkuLG8FJqL.html\"><strong>Jharia most\npolluted place in India in 2018, Greenpeace report<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Greenpeace India has released an annual report on the most polluted\ncities in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nthe report:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The report is based on analysis of\nparticulate matter data across 287 cities.<\/li><li>It has used Central Pollution\nControl Board(CPCB) data to rank the most polluted cities in India.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key\ntakeaways from the report:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Jharia in Jharkhand which is known\nfor its underground coal fires was ranked as the most polluted city in the\ncountry in 2018.<\/li><li>Dhanbad in Jharkhand was ranked as\nthe second-most polluted city in India.<\/li><li>Delhi was 10th most polluted city\nin 2018 an improvement by two ranks as compared to 2017.<\/li><li>Lunglei in Mizoram was the least\npolluted city in India followed by Meghalaya\u2019s Dowki.<\/li><li>Further,Six of the top-10 polluted\ncities are in Uttar Pradesh namely Noida, Ghaziabad, Bareilly, Allahabad,\nMoradabad and Firozabad.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nGreenpeace:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Greenpeace is a non-governmental\nenvironmental organization established in 1971.It is headquartered at\nAmsterdam,Netherlands.<\/li><li>It\u2019s goal is to ensure the ability\nof the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity and focuses its campaigning\non global issues such as climate change, deforestation, anti-nuclear issues\namong others.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/iran-says-it-may-pull-out-of-nuclear-treaty-over-europe-dispute\/article30607262.ece\"><strong>Iran says it\nmay pull out of nuclear treaty over Europe dispute<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Iran has warned to withdraw from the Non-Proliferation Treaty(NPT) if\nthe European countries refer the dispute over its Nuclear programme to the\nUnited Nation Security Council.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nthe issue:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Britain, France and Germany\nlaunched a process last week charging Iran with failing to observe the terms of\nthe 2015 Iran nuclear deal.<\/li><li>This move could result in the UN\nSecurity Council reimposing international sanctions on the country.<\/li><li>Hence,Iran has warned to withdraw\nfrom the NPT if the European countries refer the dispute to the United Nation\nSecurity Council.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNon-proliferation Treaty of Nuclear Weapons(NPT):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Non-proliferation Treaty is an\ninternational treaty signed in 1968 and came into force in 1970.<\/li><li>The treaty aims to (a) prevent the\nspread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology (b) promote cooperation in the\npeaceful uses of nuclear energy and (c)further the goal of achieving nuclear\ndisarmament and general and complete disarmament.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key\nprovisions of the treaty:<\/strong>The treaty classified its\nstate-parties into 2 groups namely:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nuclear\nWeapon States(NWS):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The nuclear-weapon states(NWS) are\nthe five states\u2014China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and the United\nStates\u2014officially recognized as possessing nuclear weapons by the NPT.The\ntreaty legitimizes these states nuclear arsenals but has also mandated that\nthey are not supposed to build and maintain such weapons in perpetuity.<\/li><li>The other nuclear armed\nstates\u2014India, Israel and Pakistan have not joined the treaty.Further,North\nKorea and South Sudan have also not signed the treaty.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Non\nNuclear Weapon States (NNWS):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The treaty prohibits the Non\nNuclear Weapon States(NNWS) from developing nuclear weapons.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Why has\nIndia not signed the treaty?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India did not sign the treaty as\nit argued that treaties like NPT were selectively applicable to only\nnon-nuclear powers and legitimized the monopoly of nuclear power by a few.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/m.economictimes.com\/news\/science\/india-5th-among-countries-with-corporate-commitments-to-science-based-targets-report\/articleshow\/73434464.cms\"><strong>India 5th among\ncountries with corporate commitments to science-based targets: Report <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Recently,a carbon disclosure report has been released by the Global\nReporting Initiative,a non profit organisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nCarbon disclosure report:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It is an annual report on carbon\nreduction activities of different countries and their firms.<\/li><li>The report ranks countries based\non their corporate responsibilities of carbon reduction.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key\ntakeaways from the report:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>United States topped the list\nbased on their corporate responsibilities of carbon reduction or based on the\ntransparency of the disclosures.It was followed by Japan,UK and France.<\/li><li>India has been ranked 5th among\nthe countries surveyed for corporate commitments to science-based targets(SBT).<\/li><li>Around 58 Indian companies\ndisclosed their environment related activities to the organization.<\/li><li>Based on their disclosure,the\nreport concludes that 98% of the top Indian companies have now formed\ncommittees to address climate related issues.<\/li><li>Further,the top corporate\nmanagements in India have also integrated climate concerns in performance\nevaluation of key personal with nearly 90% providing incentives to senior\nstaffers to help meet targets. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nGRI:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Global Reporting Initiative(GRI)\nis an independent international organization that has pioneered sustainability\nreporting since 1997.<\/li><li>It helps businesses and\ngovernments worldwide understand and communicate their impact on critical\nsustainability issues such as climate change, human rights, governance and\nsocial well-being.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-brazil-to-sign-strategic-action-plan\/article30618041.ece\"><strong>India, Brazil\nto sign Strategic Action Plan<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Brazilian President will be visiting India as the Chief Guest of the\nRepublic Day celebrations from January 24-27,2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nthe visit:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India and Brazil are expected to sign 20 various\nagreements across defence, energy, agriculture, healthcare and minerals.Among\nthem,the major ones are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Strategic Action Plan:<\/strong>India and Brazil will\nupgrade their strategic partnership with a strategic action plan.The Action\nPlan will serve as an umbrella agreement to increase defence cooperation,\ntechnology sharing and a logistics agreement.<\/li><li><strong>Bilateral investment treaty:<\/strong>The two countries\nare also expected to sign a Bilateral Investment Treaty which will be the first\nrevised one that India will sign with any country since 2015.<\/li><li><strong>Social Security Agreement(SSA):<\/strong>The two\ncountries will also exchange a Social Security Agreement (SSA) first signed in\nMarch 2017.It will allow investments in each other\u2019s pension funds to help\nbusiness processes and encourage the flow of investment.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>India-Brazil\nRelations:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>India and Brazil diplomatic\nbilateral relations were established in 1948.The relations are based on a\ncommon global vision, shared democratic values and a commitment to foster\neconomic growth of both countries.<\/li><li>They share a close and\nmultifaceted relationship at bilateral level as well as in plurilateral level\nsuch as BRICS, BASIC, G-20, G-4, IBSA, International Solar Alliance among\nothers.<\/li><li>The Bilateral relations were\nelevated to a Strategic Partnership level in 2006.<\/li><li>In 2018, India was the 11th\nbiggest exporter to Brazil and the tenth biggest importer from the country.The\nbilateral trade stands at about $8 billion.<\/li><li>In 2018,Indian investments in\nBrazil were around U.S.$ 6 billion and Brazilian investments in India are\nestimated at U.S.$ 1 billion.<\/li><li>Brazil is also among the top ten\noil producers in the world. Major reforms are being undertaken in Brazil&#8217;s\nenergy sector which will help to increase not only production but also oil\nexports.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/other-states\/manipur-tribes-call-truce-after-decades-of-conflict\/article30609516.ece\"><strong>Manipur tribes\ncall truce after decades of conflict<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The organisations of Naga and Kuki tribes namely Naga National\nPolitical Groups(NNPGs) and the Kuki National Organisation (KNO) have signed a\ndeclaration to settle contentious issues and inter-community differences\npeacefully.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNaga-Kuki conflict:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Kuki\u2013Naga conflict which was\nmainly fought on land and identity issues has resulted in the uprooting of\nhundreds of villages with the loss of more than 1,000 lives and enormous\ninternal displacement. <\/li><li>The British colonial policy of\ngovernance in the north-east frontier of India and the rise of ethnic\nnationalism among both the Kukis and Nagas in the post-independence period were\nthe roots of the conflict.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNagas:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Naga is an umbrella term for\nseveral indigenous communities in North-East India and Upper Burma.They belong\nto Indo-Mongoloid Family.<\/li><li>It covers a number of tribes that\nreside in Nagaland, Manipur, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh states of India and\nalso in Myanmar.<\/li><li>Some of the major Naga tribes are\nAngami, Chang, Konyak, Lotha, Phoms, Rengma, Sema, Pochury and Zeliang.<\/li><li>Naga tribes&#8217; biggest festival is\nNew year festival of January 15th called Kaing Bi festival.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nKukis:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Kukis constitute one of\nseveral hill tribes within India, Bangladesh, and Burma. <\/li><li>In Northeast India, they are\npresent in all states except Arunachal Pradesh.<\/li><li>Some fifty tribes of Kuki people\nin India are recognised as scheduled tribes.<\/li><li>The majority of Kukis are\nChristians.The main festival of Kuki tribe is Mim Kut.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/news\/india\/sc-seeks-response-on-pil-seeking-implementation-of-electric-mobility-mission-11579270963872.html\"><strong>SC seeks\nresponse on PIL seeking implementation of electric mobility mission<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The Supreme Court has sought response from the Centre on a public\ninterest litigation(PIL) seeking directions to implement the recommendations of\nNational Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nthe petition:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The petitioner argued that e-vehicles\nare more viable since the combustion process in compressed natural gas (CNG)\nenabled vehicles also causes global warming.<\/li><li>Hence,a proper infrastructure for\nElectric Vehicles(EV) operated vehicles also needs to be developed.<\/li><li>Further,the plea also suggested\nways including preferential parking, exemption from toll fee, subsidised\nprivate ownership for charging infrastructure in sync with international\npractices to boost the adoption of EV\u2019s.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNational Electric Mobility Mission Plan(NEMMP) 2020:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The NEMMP 2020 is the National\nMission document providing the vision and the roadmap for the faster adoption\nof Electric vehicles and their manufacturing in the country.<\/li><li>The plan aims to enhance national\nfuel security, to provide affordable and environmentally friendly\ntransportation and to enable the Indian automotive industry to achieve global\nmanufacturing leadership.<\/li><li>The mission targets to achieve an\nambitious target to achieve 6-7 million sales of hybrid and electric vehicles\nby the year 2020.<\/li><li>Under the plan,the government has\nalso launched the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &amp;) Electric\nVehicles (FAME India) scheme.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nFame India Scheme<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Faster Adoption and Manufacturing\nof (Hybrid &amp;) Electric Vehicles in India (FAME India) Scheme was launched\nin 2015.It is implemented by Ministry of Heavy Industries &amp; Public\nEnterprises.<\/li><li>It aims to support hybrid\/electric\nvehicles market development and Manufacturing ecosystem.<\/li><li>The main objectives of the scheme\nare a) encourage faster adoption of Electric and hybrid vehicle by way of\noffering upfront Incentive on purchase of Electric vehicles and b) establish\nnecessary charging Infrastructure for electric vehicles.<\/li><li>Further, FAME II is an expanded\nversion of FAME I which aimed to support hybrid\/electric vehicles market\ndevelopment and Manufacturing ecosystem.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>World Employment and Social Outlook Trends 2020 (WESO) report:ILO News:The United Nations International Labour Organization(ILO) has released the World Employment and Social Outlook Trends 2020 (WESO) report. Facts: About the report: The report analyses key labour market issues, including unemployment, labour underutilisation, working poverty, income inequality, labour income share and factors that exclude people from&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-january-22th-2020\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 22th, 2020<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":48116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9-PM-Brief.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704941143},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54406"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54406\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}