{"id":54644,"date":"2019-12-02T21:00:54","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T15:30:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogadmin.forumias.com\/?p=54644"},"modified":"2020-02-27T11:28:28","modified_gmt":"2020-02-27T05:58:28","slug":"9-pm-current-affairs-brief-december-2nd-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-december-2nd-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 December 2nd, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/what-is-inner-line-permit-and-will-it-address-north-east-states-concerns-over-cab-6145508\/\"><strong>Explained:What\nis Inner Line Permit, and will it address N-E states\u2019 concerns over CAB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Union Home minister has said that the Citizenship Amendment Bill,2016\nwould provide protection to such regions and states where the Inner Line Permit\n(ILP) is applicable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nInner Line Permit(ILP):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Inner Line Permit (ILP) is an\nofficial travel document issued by the government of India.It is required by\nIndian citizens residing outside certain protected states while entering them.<\/li><li>The aim of the ILP is to regulate\nmovement to certain areas located near the international border of India.<\/li><li>The origin of ILP dates back to\nthe Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulations, 1873. <\/li><li>The regulations prohibited British\nsubjects or Indians from entering certain protection areas (such as areas with\ntea, oil and elephant trade). In 1950, the word British subjects was replaced\nby Citizens of India.<\/li><li>Currently,the ILP is in force in\n(a)Arunachal Pradesh (b)Mizoram and (c)Nagaland.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nCitizenship Amendment Bill,2016:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The citizenship amendment Bill\namends the Citizenship Act,1955 to make illegal migrants who belong to certain\nreligious minorities (Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians)\nfrom Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan, eligible for citizenship.<\/li><li>The Bill seeks to reduce the\nrequirement of 11 years of continuous stay in the country to six years to\nobtain citizenship by naturalization for these communities belonging to these 3\nnations.<\/li><li>The Bill also provides that the\nregistration of Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) cardholders may be cancelled if\nthey violate any law.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How\nCitizenship amendment bill has a connection with Inner Line Permit(ILP):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill\naims to make it easier for non-Muslim refugees from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and\nAfghanistan to obtain Indian citizenship. <\/li><li>If the bill is implemented with\nprovisions for excluding from its ambit the states under the ILP regime, it\nmeans that beneficiaries under CAB will become Indian citizens but will not be\nable to settle in these three states.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.newsonair.com\/News?title=20th-Edition-of-Hornbill-Festival-begins-in-Nagaland&amp;id=375421\"><strong>20th Edition of\nHornbill Festival begins in Nagaland<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The 20th Edition of Hornbill Festival has started in the state of\nNagaland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nHornbill festival:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Hornbill Festival is a\ncelebration held every year in Nagaland.The festival is also called the\n&#8216;Festival of Festivals&#8217;.<\/li><li>The festival is organized by the\nNagaland State Tourism and Art &amp; Culture Departments.<\/li><li>The festival aims to encourage\ninter-tribal interaction and to promote culture through colourful performances,\ncrafts, sports, food fairs, games and ceremonies.<\/li><li>The festival is named after the\nGreat Indian hornbill,the large and colourful forest bird which is displayed in\nthe folklore of most of the state\u2019s tribes.<\/li><li>The festival was established in\n1963 and was inaugurated by the then President Dr. S Radhakrishnan.The festival\nwas held for the first time in 2000.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nGreat Indian Hornbill:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Great Indian Hornbill (Buceros\nbicornis) also known as the great pied hornbill is one of the larger members of\nthe hornbill family.<\/li><li>The bird is the state bird of\nKerala and Arunachal Pradesh.But it is not a state bird of Nagaland.<\/li><li>The bird is listed as vulnerable\nspecies in the International Union for Conservation of Nature\u2019s (IUCN) Red\nList.<\/li><li>The bird is predominantly fruit\neating but is an opportunist and preys on small mammals, reptiles and birds.<\/li><li>The impressive size and colour of\nthe bird have made it important in many tribal cultures and rituals.<\/li><li>The bird is threatened by\n(a)Logging (b)Forest clearance for agriculture (c)susceptible to hunting\npressure among others.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/6-european-nations-join-iran-barter-system\/article30131764.ece\"><strong>6 European\nnations join Iran barter system<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Recently,six European countries have joined the barter mechanism called\nINSTEX which is designed to circumvent US sanctions against trade with Iran by\navoiding the use of dollars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What is\nINSTEX:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Instrument In Support Of Trade\nExchanges(INSTEX) is a payment mechanism set up by the governments of France,\nGermany and Britain to secure trade with Iran and circumvent US sanctions.<\/li><li>This mechanism was established\nafter the US had pulled out of the Iran nuclear deal and reinstated sanctions\non Iran.<\/li><li>It is registered at Paris,France\nwith an initial 3,000 Euros in the capital and a supervisory board with members\nfrom France and Germany and chaired by the UK.<\/li><li>The mechanism is expected to\nreceive the formal endorsement of all 28 EU members.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How\nwill INSTEX work?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The new entity acts as a sort of\neuro-denominated clearing house for Iran to conduct trade with European\ncompanies. <\/li><li>In effect, the new trading\nmechanism works as a barter arrangement operating outside of the US-dominated\nglobal financial system.<\/li><li>However, initially it will be used\nfor non-sanctionable trade including humanitarian goods such as medicine, food\nand medical devices.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Significance\nof the mechanism:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This mechanism is the first\nconcrete step by the EU to counter Trump\u2019s unilateral decision to withdraw from\nthe nuclear deal.<\/li><li>The backing of France, Germany and\nBritain to this mechanism could help reduce the likelihood of further U.S.\nsanctions.It may also encourage the private companies to join the mechanism.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nIran Nuclear Deal:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Iran Nuclear deal is also known as\nthe Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).<\/li><li>The deal was signed in 2015\nbetween Iran and the P5+1 group (US,UK, France, Russia, China and Germany).<\/li><li>The deal restricts Iran\u2019s nuclear\nprogramme,in return for lifting most economic sanctions against it.<\/li><li>Iran had stopped complying with\nsome commitments in the 2015 nuclear deal after the United States had\nunilaterally withdrew from the accord in 2018 and renewed sanctions on Iran.<\/li><li>The US had also stepped up its\npressure on Iran by ending exemptions from secondary sanctions for countries\nsuch as India from buying Iranian oil.This move crippled the Iranian\ngovernment\u2019s principal source of revenue.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-what-fundamental-duties-mean-6145712\/\"><strong>Explained: What\nFundamental Duties mean<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Recently, the Prime Minister, President and Vice President have said\nthat citizens should remember their fundamental duties as they remember their\nfundamental rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nFundamental Duties:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Fundamental Duties were\nincorporated in Part IV-A of the Indian Constitution by the Constitution 42nd\nAmendment Act, 1976 during the time of Emergency.<\/li><li>The concept of Fundamental Duties\nhas been taken from the Constitution of Russia.<\/li><li>The idea behind their\nincorporation was to emphasise the obligation of the citizen in exchange for\nthe Fundamental Rights that he or she enjoys.<\/li><li>Currently,there are 11 Fundamental\nDuties described under Article 51-A, of which 10 were introduced by the 42nd\nAmendment and the 11th was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002.<\/li><li>However,these fundamental duties\nare statutory duties and are not enforceable by law.But a court may take them\ninto account while adjudicating on a matter.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The\nEleven Fundamental Duties:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>To abide by the constitution and\nrespect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem<\/li><li>To cherish and follow the noble\nideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom<\/li><li>To uphold and protect the\nsovereignty, unity and integrity of India \u2014 it is one of the preeminent\nnational obligations of all the citizens of India.<\/li><li>To defend the country and render\nnational service when called upon to do so<\/li><li>To promote harmony and the spirit\nof common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious,\nlinguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices\nderogatory to the dignity of women<\/li><li>To value and preserve the rich\nheritage of our composite culture \u2014 our cultural heritage is one of the noblest\nand richest, it is also part of the heritage of the Earth<\/li><li>To protect and improve the natural\nenvironment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have\ncompassion for living creatures<\/li><li>To develop the scientific temper,\nhumanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform<\/li><li>To safeguard public property and\nto abjure violence<\/li><li>To strive towards excellence in\nall spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly\nrises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement<\/li><li>Who is a parent or guardian to provide\nopportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between\nthe age of six and fourteen years.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other\nchanges made under 42nd Amendment Act:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Apart from adding the Fundamental\nDuties(FD),the 42nd Amendment also changed the Preamble to the Constitution to\ninclude the words \u2018Socialist and Secular\u2019 to describe India.This is in addition\nto its being \u2018Sovereign Democratic Republic\u2019.<\/li><li>Several new \u2018Directive Principles\u2019\nwere added and given precedence over Fundamental Rights.<\/li><li>Further,the jurisdiction of the\nSupreme Court and High Courts to review constitutionality of the laws was\ncurtailed.<\/li><li>The High Courts were also\nprohibited from deciding on the constitutional validity of central laws.<\/li><li>A new Article 144A was inserted\nprescribing a minimum of seven judges for a Constitution Bench, besides\nstipulating a special majority of two-thirds of a Bench for invalidating\ncentral laws.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Changes\nof 42nd Amendment which are still in effect:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In 1977,the 43rd Amendment\nrestored the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and High Courts to review the\nconstitutional validity of laws.<\/li><li>The 44th Amendment changed the\ngrounds for declaring Emergency under Article 352 substituting internal\ndisturbances with armed rebellion besides requiring of the President that he\nshall not do so unless the decision of the Union Cabinet is communicated in\nwriting to him.<\/li><li>Right to Liberty was strengthened\nby stipulating that detention under the Preventive Detention Act shall not be\nfor more than two months.<\/li><li>Right to Property was converted\nfrom a Fundamental Right to a legal right, by amending Article 19 and deleting\nArticle 31.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/india\/to-track-economic-offenders-india-to-collate-e-database\/articleshow\/72323864.cms\"><strong>To track\neconomic offenders, India to collate e-database<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>The Central Government is preparing a comprehensive database of\neconomic offenders called the National Economic Offence Records(NEOR).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNational Economic Offence Records(NEOR):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The National Economic Offence\nRecords(NEOR) will be a web portal that will disseminate information to\ngrassroots level officers of enforcement and investigating agencies. <\/li><li>The database will help in\ncoordinated actions by multiple agencies against corrupt officials and\ncorporate houses indulging in financial frauds and money laundering.<\/li><li>The database is being prepared by\nthe Central Economic Intelligence Bureau (CEIB),an arm of the finance ministry\nalong with National Informatics Centre(NIC).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Which\nagencies are included in the database?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>All agencies including CBI,\nEnforcement Directorate, Income Tax, Directorate General of Goods and Services\nTax Intelligence have been asked to regularly update the portal from their\nnationwide offices.<\/li><li>In addition to central agencies,\nthe economic offences wing of state police and other agencies will also have to\nparticipate in the NEOR.<\/li><li>The individual database of these\nagencies will be automatically incorporated into the NEOR through specific\nsoftware application. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What is\nthe present mechanism?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Currently,the Central Economic\nIntelligence Bureau (CEIB) runs a captive database called Secured Information\nExchange Network(SIEN).<\/li><li>The SEIN operates on intranet (not\navailable online) and information on economic offenders are shared with\nheadquarters of 13 select central agencies. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nCentral Economic Intelligence Bureau(CEIB):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Central Economic Intelligence\nBureau(CEIB) was setup in the year 1985 under Department of Revenue,Ministry of\nFinance.<\/li><li>It is the nodal agency for\neconomic intelligence mandated to ensure effective interaction and coordination\namong all the concerned agencies in the area of economic offences.<\/li><li>It is headed by a Director General\nwho carries the designation of Special Secretary to the Government of India.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nNational Informatics Centre(NIC):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The National Informatics Centre\n(NIC) is an institute set up by the Indian government in 1976 to drive its\ntechnology and e-governance initiatives in the country.<\/li><li>The institute is part of the\nIndian Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology\u2019s Department of\nElectronics &amp; Information Technology.<\/li><li>NIC has the mandate to set up,\nimplement and support all the information technology led-programs of the\ncentral and state governments and other government organizations in India.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/operation-clean-art-to-crackdown-on-illegal-trade-in-mongoose-hair\/article30131621.ece\"><strong>Operation\n\u2018Clean Art\u2019 to crackdown on illegal trade in mongoose hair<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong>Recently,Operation Clean Art was conducted in India to ensure that the\nmongoose hair brush trade be closed down across the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nOperation Clean Art:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Operation Clean Art was the first\npan India operation to crackdown on the smuggling of mongoose hair in the\ncountry.<\/li><li>It was conceived by Wildlife Crime\nControl Bureau (WCCB) with the aim of ensuring that the mongoose hair brush\ntrade should be closed down across the country.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nMongoose:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Mongooses belongs to the\nHerpestidae family.They are commonly found in the open forest, cultivated land\nand close to human habitation.<\/li><li>There are six species of mongoose\nfound in India which are (1)Indian grey mongoose (2)Small Indian mongoose\n(3)Ruddy mongoose, (4)Crab-eating mongoose (5)Stripe-necked mongoose and\n(6)Brown mongoose.<\/li><li>The mongoose are listed in\nSchedule II of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 making its hunting,\npossession, transportation and trade a punishable offence.<\/li><li>They are listed as Least Concern\nin the International Union for Conservation of Nature\u2019s (IUCN) Red List.<\/li><li>The Mongoose hair is in high\ndemand among artists worldwide because of the quality of brushes they help\ncreate which define lines clearly and hold paint properly.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additional\ninformation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About\nWildlife Crime Control Bureau(WCCB): <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is a\nstatutory body established by the Government of India under the Ministry of\nEnvironment and Forests to combat organized wildlife crime in the country.<\/li><li>It assists the Customs authorities\nin inspection of the consignments of flora &amp; fauna as per the provisions of\nthe Wild Life Protection Act, CITES and EXIM Policy governing such an item.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Functions\nof WCCB:<\/strong>Under Section 38(Z) of the Wild Life\n(Protection) Act,1972, it is mandated to <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>To collect and collate\nintelligence related to organized wildlife crime activities and to disseminate\nthe same to State and other enforcement agencies.<\/li><li>To establish a centralized\nwildlife crime data bank.<\/li><li>To coordinate actions by various\nagencies in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of the Act<\/li><li>To assist foreign authorities and\ninternational organization concerned to facilitate coordination and universal\naction for wildlife crime control<\/li><li>To build the capacity of the\nwildlife crime enforcement agencies for scientific and professional\ninvestigation into wildlife crimes and assist State Governments to ensure\nsuccess in prosecutions related to wildlife crimes and <\/li><li>advise the Government of India on\nissues relating to wildlife crimes having national and international\nramifications.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explained:What is Inner Line Permit, and will it address N-E states\u2019 concerns over CAB News:Union Home minister has said that the Citizenship Amendment Bill,2016 would provide protection to such regions and states where the Inner Line Permit (ILP) is applicable. Facts: About Inner Line Permit(ILP): Inner Line Permit (ILP) is an official travel document issued&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-current-affairs-brief-december-2nd-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Current Affairs Brief \u2013 December 2nd, 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":48116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/9-PM-Brief.png?fit=1000%2C500&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704735436},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}