<\/span>To access the Archives CLICK HERE-><\/a><\/div>\n
9 PM for Main examination<\/h3>\nGS-1<\/h4>\n\n- <\/b>What will be the impact of reverse migration?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
GS-2<\/h4>\n\n- <\/b>Importance of technology for Judicial reforms<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
GS-3<\/h4>\n\n- <\/b>Atma\u00a0nirbharMission \u2013\u00a0Local is\u00a0synonymous to Import Substitution<\/li>\n
- How to handle China and\u00a0Pakistan\u00a0in Jammu and Kashmir?<\/li>\n
- Climate-Change \u2013 The looming crises<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\nFACTLy<\/a><\/h4>\n
\n1.What will be the impact of reverse migration?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\nSource:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0Livemint<\/u><\/a><\/p>\nSyllabus:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0GS-1-population and associated issues<\/p><\/blockquote>\nContext:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Millions of migrant workers have returned home amidst the Covid-19 lockdown. This has led to reverse migration.<\/p>\nBrief Overview of Internal Migration in India<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\nAccording to the Census 2011 migration data:<\/p>\n
\n- There over 45.58 crore Indians were found to be migrants as against 31.45 crore during 2001 Census.<\/li>\n
- UP, Bihar, Rajasthan and MP had the highest \u2018outmigration\u2019. Maharashtra, Delhi and Gujarat had the largest \u2018in-migration\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Picture3-11.png?resize=750%2C482&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n
Reason for recent reverse migration:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0Most migrant workers are employed in the informal sector of the\u00a0urban areas. The Covid-19 lockdown has hit the informal economy the most. Fear of losing sources of livelihood and shelter in urban areas during the lockdown forced migrant\u00a0labourers\u00a0to return home<\/p>\nImpact\u00a0of Reverse Migration<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n- <\/b>Impact of Rural Economy:<\/b><\/strong>Rural India\u2019s economy is entirely dependent on agriculture and is already crippled with\u00a0underemployed\u00a0working population. Reverse migration would further aggravate the issue and lead to disguise unemployment in the agricultural sector.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Impact on Urban Economy:<\/b><\/strong>Reverse migration has already led to\u00a0labor\u00a0shortage in urban areas. This has serious implications and can delay economic recovery in post- Covid times, which can affect social stability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Conclusion:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The reverse migration will have serious implications for both rural and urban economy.\u00a0However, it is likely that the reverse migration is temporary and will return to normal after the threat of covid-19 has subsided.<\/p>\n2.Importance of technology for Judicial reforms<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\nSource:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Live Mint<\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\nSyllabus: GS 2-Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary\u2014Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal\/informal associations and their role in the Polity.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Context:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Analysing\u00a0the urgent need to radically transform the Indian judicial system to remove the problems that affect the delivery of justice using technology.<\/p>\nBackground:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n- <\/b>Pendency of cases:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>There are more than 3.5 crore pending cases in courts of which 87.54 per cent of the total pendency of cases is in the district courts.\u00a0(As of November 2019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Picture4-7.png?resize=635%2C249&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n
Source: TOI<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n- <\/b>Effects of COVID-19 on courts:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The courts were shut down for all except the most urgent matters to reduce the risk of infection of litigants and judges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Issue in design of courts:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Our judicial system is simply not designed for contactless operations as most court processes\u2014the submission of pleadings, the payment of court fees, the conduct of arguments\u2014require person-to-person interaction.<\/p>\nTo tackle effects of COVID-19, some of these issues were dealt.<\/p>\n
Adaptations of courts due to COVID-19 using technologies:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n- <\/b>Video conferencing facilities:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>They were set up to allow judges and lawyers to hear urgent matters virtually.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>E-filing of documents:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Written pleadings could be submitted without any need to be physically present.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Digital payment systems<\/b><\/strong>: It includes court-approved virtual wallets to let court fees be paid remotely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
These changes were introduced due to COVID-19\u00a0but we\u00a0need\u00a0permanent reforms in Judiciary.<\/p>\n
\n- <\/b>Discussion on Judicial reforms:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Niti Aayog meeting\u00a0and the\u00a0Multi-stakeholder webinar\u00a0talked\u00a0about\u00a0the importance of technology in judicial use.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Online Dispute Resolution:<\/b><\/strong>It can be made mandatory for some cases.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Complementing Private Online Dispute Resolution:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>To ensure that online resolution can reach different industries, locations and parts of the country.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Shifting towards written advocacy:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>When we take our disputes online, we should consider adopting the online medium of communication\u00a0such as chats, emails and the exchange of electronic messages.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Incorporating cognitive technologies directly into the dispute resolution workflow:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>This does not have to mean using artificial intelligence to decide our disputes. It could be as simple as offering better ways of making informed decisions about litigation strategies.<\/li>\n
- For example- The biggest litigant in India is the State. The many cognitive technologies offer us the ability to generate data-driven reports on the chances of success of each appeal that the government is thinking of pursuing, based on an analysis of previous judgments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- \n
- <\/b>What will be the impact of reverse migration?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
GS-2<\/h4>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Importance of technology for Judicial reforms<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
GS-3<\/h4>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Atma\u00a0nirbharMission \u2013\u00a0Local is\u00a0synonymous to Import Substitution<\/li>\n
- How to handle China and\u00a0Pakistan\u00a0in Jammu and Kashmir?<\/li>\n
- Climate-Change \u2013 The looming crises<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n
FACTLy<\/a><\/h4>\n
\n1.What will be the impact of reverse migration?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n
Source:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0Livemint<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n
Syllabus:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0GS-1-population and associated issues<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Context:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Millions of migrant workers have returned home amidst the Covid-19 lockdown. This has led to reverse migration.<\/p>\n
Brief Overview of Internal Migration in India<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n
According to the Census 2011 migration data:<\/p>\n
- \n
- There over 45.58 crore Indians were found to be migrants as against 31.45 crore during 2001 Census.<\/li>\n
- UP, Bihar, Rajasthan and MP had the highest \u2018outmigration\u2019. Maharashtra, Delhi and Gujarat had the largest \u2018in-migration\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>\n
Reason for recent reverse migration:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0Most migrant workers are employed in the informal sector of the\u00a0urban areas. The Covid-19 lockdown has hit the informal economy the most. Fear of losing sources of livelihood and shelter in urban areas during the lockdown forced migrant\u00a0labourers\u00a0to return home<\/p>\n
Impact\u00a0of Reverse Migration<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Impact of Rural Economy:<\/b><\/strong>Rural India\u2019s economy is entirely dependent on agriculture and is already crippled with\u00a0underemployed\u00a0working population. Reverse migration would further aggravate the issue and lead to disguise unemployment in the agricultural sector.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Impact on Urban Economy:<\/b><\/strong>Reverse migration has already led to\u00a0labor\u00a0shortage in urban areas. This has serious implications and can delay economic recovery in post- Covid times, which can affect social stability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Conclusion:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The reverse migration will have serious implications for both rural and urban economy.\u00a0However, it is likely that the reverse migration is temporary and will return to normal after the threat of covid-19 has subsided.<\/p>\n
2.Importance of technology for Judicial reforms<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n
Source:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Live Mint<\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n
Syllabus: GS 2-Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary\u2014Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal\/informal associations and their role in the Polity.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Context:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Analysing\u00a0the urgent need to radically transform the Indian judicial system to remove the problems that affect the delivery of justice using technology.<\/p>\n
Background:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Pendency of cases:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>There are more than 3.5 crore pending cases in courts of which 87.54 per cent of the total pendency of cases is in the district courts.\u00a0(As of November 2019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>\n
Source: TOI<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Effects of COVID-19 on courts:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The courts were shut down for all except the most urgent matters to reduce the risk of infection of litigants and judges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Issue in design of courts:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Our judicial system is simply not designed for contactless operations as most court processes\u2014the submission of pleadings, the payment of court fees, the conduct of arguments\u2014require person-to-person interaction.<\/p>\n
To tackle effects of COVID-19, some of these issues were dealt.<\/p>\n
Adaptations of courts due to COVID-19 using technologies:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Video conferencing facilities:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>They were set up to allow judges and lawyers to hear urgent matters virtually.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>E-filing of documents:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Written pleadings could be submitted without any need to be physically present.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Digital payment systems<\/b><\/strong>: It includes court-approved virtual wallets to let court fees be paid remotely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
These changes were introduced due to COVID-19\u00a0but we\u00a0need\u00a0permanent reforms in Judiciary.<\/p>\n
- \n
- <\/b>Discussion on Judicial reforms:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Niti Aayog meeting\u00a0and the\u00a0Multi-stakeholder webinar\u00a0talked\u00a0about\u00a0the importance of technology in judicial use.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Online Dispute Resolution:<\/b><\/strong>It can be made mandatory for some cases.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Complementing Private Online Dispute Resolution:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>To ensure that online resolution can reach different industries, locations and parts of the country.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Shifting towards written advocacy:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>When we take our disputes online, we should consider adopting the online medium of communication\u00a0such as chats, emails and the exchange of electronic messages.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Incorporating cognitive technologies directly into the dispute resolution workflow:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>This does not have to mean using artificial intelligence to decide our disputes. It could be as simple as offering better ways of making informed decisions about litigation strategies.<\/li>\n
- For example- The biggest litigant in India is the State. The many cognitive technologies offer us the ability to generate data-driven reports on the chances of success of each appeal that the government is thinking of pursuing, based on an analysis of previous judgments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- <\/b>Online Dispute Resolution:<\/b><\/strong>It can be made mandatory for some cases.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>E-filing of documents:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Written pleadings could be submitted without any need to be physically present.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Video conferencing facilities:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>They were set up to allow judges and lawyers to hear urgent matters virtually.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Effects of COVID-19 on courts:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The courts were shut down for all except the most urgent matters to reduce the risk of infection of litigants and judges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- <\/b>Impact on Urban Economy:<\/b><\/strong>Reverse migration has already led to\u00a0labor\u00a0shortage in urban areas. This has serious implications and can delay economic recovery in post- Covid times, which can affect social stability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- <\/b>Impact of Rural Economy:<\/b><\/strong>Rural India\u2019s economy is entirely dependent on agriculture and is already crippled with\u00a0underemployed\u00a0working population. Reverse migration would further aggravate the issue and lead to disguise unemployment in the agricultural sector.<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Atma\u00a0nirbharMission \u2013\u00a0Local is\u00a0synonymous to Import Substitution<\/li>\n
- <\/b>Importance of technology for Judicial reforms<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Picture5-3.png?resize=576%2C241&ssl=1\")
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