{"id":62385,"date":"2020-06-13T21:00:07","date_gmt":"2020-06-13T15:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=62385"},"modified":"2020-06-13T17:45:29","modified_gmt":"2020-06-13T12:15:29","slug":"9-pm-daily-brief-june-13th2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-brief-june-13th2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Brief \u2013 June 13th,2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader.<\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<h3>9 PM for Main examination<\/h3>\n<p><strong>GS-2<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Need of addressing asymmetries of justice by Judiciary<\/li>\n<li>Message from the\u00a0Political disruption in Rajasthan<\/li>\n<li>Problems with Online higher education<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>GS-3<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Telecom sector\u00a0and Policy\u00a0Uncertainty<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<h4><a href=\"#link1\">FACTLy<\/a><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>1.Need of addressing asymmetries of justice by Judiciary<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/india-supreme-court-justice-kapil-sibal-6456152\/\"><strong>The Express Express<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Syllabus: GS 2 &#8211; Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary\u2014Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal\/informal associations and their role in the Polity.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Context:\u00a0<\/strong>Some recent events have demonstrated the need to introspect judiciary.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"751\"><strong>Recent events:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Press conference by four distinguished judges of the SC:\u00a0<\/strong>They expressed doubts about the Court\u2019s functioning.\u00a0They expressed concern about the threat to democracy from within the system.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Migrants issue:\u00a0<\/strong>The court did not take notice of the mass migration of\u00a0workers\u2019\u00a0misery of those walking hundreds of\u00a0kilometers\u00a0and those sequestered in ill-equipped shelter homes without adequate facilities in the first instance. This was a matter of national concern.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Role of Judiciary:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Undamaged integrity\u00a0&#8212;\u00a0<\/strong>If the public loses confidence in the courts, democracy will be under threat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bar community:\u00a0<\/strong>The criticism of the bar community is not to diminish the dignity of the court.\u00a0The real threat\u00a0to the judiciary\u00a0is posed by an assertive executive that seeks to dominate the court.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impartial decision making:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Last resort:\u00a0<\/strong>In normal circumstances, Litigants move the court as a matter of last resort because litigation costs are\u00a0burdensomeand the resolution of disputes takes years.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Purity of judicial process:\u00a0<\/strong>The legal fraternity depends on it for its survival. If the litigant public loses faith in judicial processes, it\u00a0threatenthe profession.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lack of consistent judicial ideology:<\/strong>Judges speak in too many different voices. A bench of two or more speaks for the entire Court. The same statutory provisions are viewed differently depending on the judges on the bench.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Some issues to the\u00a0Legal processes\u00a0of courts:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inconsistent listing of matters:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inconsistent administrative structure:\u00a0<\/strong>Such as a\u00a0litigant granted a hearing overnight without any apparent urgency\u00a0while another\u00a0with papers in order and\u00a0facing imminent threat of arrest refused a hearing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Departure from settled practices in hearing matters:\u00a0<\/strong>It is well-settled that habeas corpus petitions are heard the day after they are filed.\u00a0It should not be changed as done in the case of\u00a0leaders of the Opposition\u00a0being\u00a0in custody for months.\u00a0Also, highly controversial unique procedures like handing over documents in sealed covers to the Court have gained credibility in recent times.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Matters having national effect not listed for long time:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Such as the matters relating to the elevation and transfer of judges have become concerning because of the\u00a0manner in whichthey have taken place.\u00a0Also,\u00a0refusal of SC in first instance to migrant crisis had\u00a0far reaching consequences.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Way Forward<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It is in the interest of\u00a0the democracy that\u00a0our judges decide cases\u00a0in the highest traditions of decision-making.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>2.Message from the\u00a0Political disruption in Rajasthan<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/editorial\/desert-clouds-the-hindu-editorial-on-rajasthan-political-crisis\/article31816256.ece\"><strong>The Hindu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Syllabus: GS 2-Parliament and State legislatures\u2014structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers &amp; privileges and issues arising out of these.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Context:\u00a0<\/strong>The ruling party has accused the opposition of trying to unsettle the government in Rajasthan.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"751\"><strong>Background:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Internal tussle:\u00a0<\/strong>The BJP has said that it is an outcome of an internal tussle in the\u00a0Congress.\u00a0There are talks of struggle for power between the Deputy CM and the CM.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Rajya Sabha elections:\u00a0<\/strong>The BJP has fielded a second candidate for elections to three Rajya Sabha seats on June 19 of which it can win only one with its current strength.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Recent examples of Political disruptions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The government\u00a0was formed\u00a0in\u00a0Goa and Manipur through questionable means.\u00a0The single largest party was not invited to form the government\u00a0by the governor.<\/li>\n<li>Within the last year the elected government fell in Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh through a pattern of engineering resignations of MLAs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Against the spirit of democracy:\u00a0<\/strong>As every party has its share of disenchantment within its ranks but it should not be used as a front to dismantle a popular mandate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To deal with \u201cthe evil of political defections\u201d, an anti-defection law was introduced.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"751\"><strong>Anti-Defection Law:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 It was included as the Tenth Schedule in the Constitution in 1985 via the 52nd Amendment Act, 1985.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The law sets the provisions for disqualification of elected members on the grounds of defection to another political party.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>How anti-defection law deal with\u00a0Current\u00a0pattern of resignations of MLAs?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The 1960s and 1970s political arena was marked by \u2018Aya Rams and Gaya Rams\u2019 and 52<sup>nd<\/sup>amendment was introduced.<\/li>\n<li>The Anti-defection law is silent on this new resignation formula to\u00a0destabilise<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kihoto Hollohon judgement:\u00a0<\/strong>One of the judges had said that the Tenure of the Speaker is dependent on the continuous support of the majority in the House. Therefore, he does not\u00a0notsatisfy the requirement of such an independent adjudicatory authority.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Solution:\u00a0<\/strong>An independent authority can be created to deal with disqualification of MPs and MLAs under the Tenth Schedule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Way Forward<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The political uncertainty at this moment of pandemic could leads to devastating results.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>3.Problems with Online higher education<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/streamed-education-is-diluted-education\/article31816279.ece\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus<\/strong>: GS-2- Education<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Context:<\/strong>\u00a0The\u00a0University Grants Commission had issued a circular to universities encouraging them to adopt massive open online courses (MOOCs) offered on its SWAYAM platform for credit transfers in the coming semesters.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SWAYAM<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM) is an integrated platform for offering online courses, covering school (9th to 12th) to Postgraduate Level.<\/li>\n<li>The objective of the platform is to bridge the digital divide for students and make best teaching learning resources available to all.<\/li>\n<li>It is considered an instrument to achieve India&#8217;s target Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education, envisioned to be 30% by 2021.<\/li>\n<li>The portal has been developed by Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) and NPTEL, IIT Madras with the help of Google Inc. and Persistent Systems Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Issues with Imparting higher education through SWAYAM Portal<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Dumping of knowledge<\/strong>: MOOC-based e-learning platforms\u00a0like SWAYAM\u00a0tend to reinforce a top-down teacher-to-student directionality of learning. In such a scenario, the teacher creates study materials and then the knowledge is dumped on students.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exclusion of many courses<\/strong>: The SWAYAM platform have left out courses in engineering, medicine, dental, pharmacy, nursing, architecture, agriculture, and physiotherapy on the grounds that they involve laboratory and practical work.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limited social interaction:<\/strong>A major issue with online education is limited social interaction. This hinders development of social skills.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lack of personal contact:<\/strong>A major criticism of MOOC platforms is that there is no personal contact and there cannot be a proper classroom discussion, debates and counterarguments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Poor Digital Infrastructure<\/strong>:\u00a0Many students, especially in rural areas do not have access to laptops, desktops and internet connection. Further, the digital infrastructure is poor in most parts of the country, with lack of high-speed internet and stable power supply.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Way Forward:\u00a0<\/strong>The Covid-19 lockdown has led to many higher educational institutions opting for online classes. However, in India, where digital infrastructure is inadequate, online education has a long way to go. Further, MOOC platforms can help us during lockdowns but is no permanent replacement for classroom teaching.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>4.Telecom sector\u00a0and Policy\u00a0Uncertainty\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/editorials\/supreme-court-telecom-sector-dues-6456133\/\">Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013\u00a0GS 3 &#8211;\u00a0Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Context\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013\u00a0Rather than be driven by short-term revenue considerations, the government should consider the long-term implications of its moves on the telecom sector.<\/p>\n<p><strong>From license fee to revenue sharing model<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Before 1992<\/strong>\u2013 Department of Telecommunication had monopoly in providing\u00a0cellular and internet services\u00a0before economic reforms of 1991.<\/li>\n<li><strong>After 1992<\/strong>&#8211; The Indian government liberalised the telecom sector as per the National Telecom Policy in 1994, under which licences were given in accordance to the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Under this law, telcos are required to pay a fixed annual licence fee for licences granted to them. Since fixed licence fee was high, telcos often defaulted on their payments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>After 1999<\/strong>&#8211; The government in 1999 announced the National Telecom Policy, which gave these companies an option to migrate from fixed licence fee to revenue sharing fee.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>As per the new policy, 15 per cent AGR was fixed as a licence fee under the revenue-sharing model, which was later reduced to 13 per cent and then 8 per cent in 2013.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Defining Adjusted Gross Revenue<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>2003\u00a0<\/strong>&#8211; The DoT claimed revenue share from all earnings under the AGR from the telecom companies which included revenue from telecom services as well as non-telecom services like installation charges, value-added services, interest income, dividend, and profit on the sale of assets, insurance claim and forex gain.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The operators\u00a0(telecoms)\u00a0suggest that it should include only the revenue from core services.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>2019\u00a0<\/strong>&#8211; The Supreme Court widened the definition of AGR to include the government&#8217;s view.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2020<\/strong>&#8211; The Court has taken cognisance of the telcos\u2019 plea of allowing them to repay their dues over a period but on the condition of providing bank guarantees as securities.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Liability on telecom companies\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The total amount due is\u00a0~\u00a0Rs 1.4\u00a0lac\u00a0crore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Implication of the Supreme Court Verdict<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Effect on other industries<\/strong>&#8211; Given the multiplier impact the (telecom) sector has on the economy and various\u00a0other\u00a0industries\u00a0like as internet service providers, satellite communications providers, cable operators and even companies in power, steel and railways sector, it is of critical importance\u00a0that the sector remains healthy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Debt ridden telecom sector and Rising NPA<\/strong>&#8211; Currently the sector is saddled with a massive debt and has almost no appetite to invest in networks and future technologies. Adding further woes to the sector, the recent ruling on the AGR, dues of the telecom service providers will lead to\u00a0a\u00a0disastrous collapse of the\u00a0sector and steep hike in Non \u2013Performing Assets of Banks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impacting overall development\u00a0including Digital India Policy<\/strong>&#8211; The world is witnessing the advent of new possibilities and business opportunities from emerging technologies such as 5G, AI, Internet\u00a0of\u00a0Things,\u00a0etc\u00a0which will redefine the way businesses and economies will work in the\u00a0coming decades, it is important that India retains its leadership position in the telecom space. Increased liability will reduce the incentive to invest\u00a0in\u00a0new technologies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>High tariff for consumers\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 The collapse of any one telecom company will led to end of competition\u00a0and give scope for\u00a0cartelization\u00a0as currently there only three major players \u2013\u00a0Airtel\u00a0,VodafoneIdea and Reliance .\u00a0The result will be high rise in tariff charged from consumers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Way Forward<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 The AGR case is classic example of policy uncertainty in India which tends to dampen the business climate and hurt investments in long run. Amid the slowdown and lockdown induced economic issues, need of the hour is to provide certainty on payment of dues over\u00a0a period of time\u00a0to prevent cascading impact on whole economy.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a name=\"link1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\">9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<p>Click on &#8220;Factly articles for 13th June 2020&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/factly.forumias.com\/factly-articles-for-13th-june-2020\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read out 9 PM brief for all your current affairs needs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":61408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[75,1095,1075,79,1060,90],"class_list":["post-62385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","tag-current-affairs","tag-forumias-current-affaris","tag-free-current-affairs","tag-free-ias-notes","tag-free-ias-preparation","tag-free-study-material","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/9-pm-brief-1.gif?fit=2296%2C450&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704940608},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62385"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62385\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}