{"id":62520,"date":"2020-06-18T21:00:56","date_gmt":"2020-06-18T15:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=62520"},"modified":"2020-06-18T18:41:32","modified_gmt":"2020-06-18T13:11:32","slug":"9-pm-daily-brief-june-18th2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-brief-june-18th2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Brief \u2013 June 18th,2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader.<\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<h3>9 PM for Main examination<\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>GS-2<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><\/b>Multilateralism post COVID-19<\/li>\n<li>Dealing with China<\/li>\n<li>Maternal health\u00a0crises\u00a0in\u00a0Pandemic<\/li>\n<li>Public- Private Partnership\u00a0InHealthcare<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><b>GS-3<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><b><\/b>Ordinances introduced to bring changes in agriculture<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<h4><a href=\"#link1\">FACTLy<\/a><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong><b>1.Multilateralism post COVID-19<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Source:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/multilateralism-post-covid-19\/article31854731.ece\"><strong><u><b>The Hindu<\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Syllabus: GS 2-Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><b>Context:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the desire for greater global cooperation amongst most states.<\/p>\n<p>The COVID-19 outbreak has placed all international institutions under a magnifying glass. Most have not performed as per expectation.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Issues in current Model of Multilateralism:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Belied the ability to update swiftly:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>This happened\u00a0even when there was great power cooperation rather than great power rivalry like now. For example, Resolution 50\/52 adopted unanimously by the UN to amend the Charter for deleting the \u2018enemy State\u2019 clauses from some articles has still not seen action\u00a0even after\u00a025 years.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Underperformance of such institutions:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Such as the General Assembly now passes resolutions through no objection procedure.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Reverted to multilateralism 0.1:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Though they require reforms and adapt to new realities, the pursuit of change by threatening to leave multilateral institutions is a phenomenon\u00a0that was\u00a0witnessed only during the period of the League of Nations\u00a0which ultimately failed it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There has been growing stress over the influence of China in such institutions.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Whether there is Over\u00a0influence\u00a0of China in such institutions?<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>No over representation:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>China is not\u00a0over representedin terms of staff positions\u00a0as claimed by critics\u00a0though\u00a0China contributes nearly 10% of the UN\u2019s budget.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Peacekeeping:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>If the head count of senior staff from UN regular and peacekeeping budgets is taken together, the staff\u00a0percentage falls dramatically, although China contributes 14% of the peacekeeping budget.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Voluntary contributions by China:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>They usually encompass all contributions\u00a0like\u00a0bilateral\u00a0and multilateral.\u00a0But by other\u00a0indices, many contribute much more.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Better promoting its interests:<\/b><\/strong>China has warded off attacks against it in multilateral fora even with the aid of the heads of these\u00a0organisations. But it is yet to display an ability to set the multilateral agenda and dominate the discourse on an array of issues\u00a0like that of\u00a0U.S.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Capture of the existing multilateral order by a new hegemon is antithetical to the ethos of multilateralism.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Changes\u00a0Required\u00a0in Multilateralism:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Global Norm setting:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Multilateral institutions must work towards\u00a0norms which are inclusive rather than working for\u00a0particular countries.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Better multilateral architecture:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>They should place more importance to functions rather than\u00a0on processes.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Enhanced engagement:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>COVID-19 crisis\u00a0has increased emphasis\u00a0on sovereign decision\u00a0of states. There will be a need for more cooperation between states\u00a0in issues having global effects.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Global acceptance of norms:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>There should not be coalitions for own benefits in such institutions.\u00a0Their norms must be accepted by all.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>India\u00a0visualises\u00a0the world as Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam and should neither permit capsizing of the order nor allow it to be captured by any superpower.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong><b>2.Dealing with China\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Source:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/lead\/history-the-stand-off-and-policy-worth-rereading\/article31854822.ece\"><strong><u><b>The Hindu<\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Syllabus: GS 2-India and its neighbourhood- relations<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><b>Context:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Many Indian soldiers were killed in Galwan Valley&#8217;s violent face-off between India and China.<\/p>\n<p>India\u2019s own\u00a0reorganisation\u00a0of Jammu and Kashmir has affected threat parameters for India.\u00a0Beijing issued a statement calling it an attempt to undermine China\u2019s territorial sovereignty by unilaterally changing its domestic law.\u00a0These changes are part of wider strategic thinking of China.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Wider conflict of \u201cfive fingers of the Tibetan palm\u201d<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>According to the\u00a0strategic thinking\u00a0by China,\u00a0Tibet was China\u2019s right palm and it was its responsibility to \u201cliberate\u201d the\u00a0five\u00a0fingers defined as Ladakh, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and the North East Frontier Agency (NEFA, or Arunachal Pradesh).<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>China\u2019s\u00a0territorial claims:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The\u00a0government of India\u00a0was worried\u00a0over\u00a0China\u2019s\u00a0claim\u00a0of\u00a0Indian territories\u00a0even after signing the\u00a0Panchsheel\u00a0agreement in 1954<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Propaganda war against India:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Launched by Chinese press and radio especially after the flight of the Dalai Lama to India in 1959. China began to demand \u201cself-determination in Kashmir\u201d. The Chinese government allowed\u00a0refuge and training to\u00a0Naga and Mizo dissidents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>India need to bring some changes in its policy to\u00a0provide\u00a0an effective counter to\u00a0China\u2019s\u00a0five finger policy.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>How should India manage China by changing its foreign policy?<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Push for building border infrastructure and governance<\/b><\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>In the mid-1950s the government piloted a project to build the Indian Frontier Administrative Services (IFAS) for overseeing NEFA and other areas along the India-China frontier.<\/li>\n<li>A special desk was created in the MEA for officers who would tour all the regions from NEFA to Ladakh in order to make suggestions for the rapid development of these areas.<\/li>\n<li>Though\u00a0India\u2019s border infrastructure is now catching up with the infrastructure\u00a0of\u00a0China, its base was made during the brief period the IFAS existed before it was wound up in 1968.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Revisiting the IFAS idea:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Especially as areas along the frontier continue to complain of neglect and a lack of focus from the Centre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Outreach and treaties:<\/b><\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>India signed treaties with\u00a0Nepal and Bhutan\u00a0which built unique relationship with them.\u00a0Over time, the treaties have outlived their utility.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Renegotiation of treaties:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>China has been able to make inroads into Nepal but not with Bhutan as the government renegotiated its 1949 Treaty of Perpetual Peace and Friendship of 1949 with the India-Bhutan Friendship Treaty in 2007 dropping an article that had committed Bhutan \u201cto\u00a0beguided\u201d by India on its external affairs policy. Same has not done with Kathmandu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>The Tibet issue:<\/b><\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Though India has sheltered the Dalai Lama and lakhs of his followers since 1959, there is a need to\u00a0look intothe future of its relationship with the Tibetan refugee community in India as well as with its future leadership.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Future of political leadership of Tibetan:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>After the current Dalai Lama which has the loyalty of Tibetans worldwide currently.<\/li>\n<li>China will try to force its own choice on the community given that it is home to so many Tibetans. India must chart a more prominent role in this discourse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As India grapples with its next steps at the Line of Actual Control (LAC), it must cast a grand strategy to renew its compact with each of those areas today.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong><b>3.Maternal health\u00a0crises\u00a0in\u00a0Pandemic<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Source\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/maternal-health-matters\/article31854774.ece\"><u>The Hindu<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><b>Syllabus<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0GS 2 &#8211;\u00a0Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><b>Context<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0The lockdown period saw the state abdicating its responsibilities towards the welfare of pregnant women\u00a0who were deprived of the basic maternal healthcare services.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>India\u2019s Maternal Mortality Ratio<\/b><\/strong>\u2013\u00a0The Maternal Mortality Ratio is a key performance indicator for efforts to improve the health and\u00a0safety\u00a0of mothers before, during, and after childbirth per country worldwide.\u00a0It came down to 122 deaths per 1,00,000\u00a0live births from 167 per 1,00,000 births in 2011-13.<\/li>\n<li>Much effort and investment over many years have led to this decrease.\u00a0The\u00a0s<strong><b>chemes and policies to reduce Maternal Mortality Ratio:<\/b><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Janani\u00a0Suraksha\u00a0Yojana<\/b><\/strong>&#8211; It\u00a0aims to reduce maternal mortality among pregnant women and infant mortality\u00a0by encouraging women to deliver in an institutionalized set-up such as hospitals.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>The\u00a0Pradhan\u00a0Mantri\u00a0Surakshit\u00a0Matritva\u00a0Abhiyan\u00a0(PMSMA<\/b><\/strong>)-\u00a0\u00a0Itprovides\u00a0fixed-day assured, comprehensive and quality antenatal care universally to all pregnant women\u00a0on the ninth of every month.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>As India struggles to manage the COVID-19 pandemic, the hard-won gains of the last 15 years can be erased with one stroke.\u00a0The\u00a0<strong><b>challenges\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>associated with ensuring maternal health in the crises are:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>The\u00a0Stigma and paranoia regarding the virus and its fallout upon pregnant women and infants\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>\u2013 This has led to hospitals turning away pregnant women from their premises and thus depriving them of healthcare services they need.<br \/>\nFor instance -There was the 20-year-old in Telangana with anaemia and high blood pressure, who died after being turned away by six hospitals.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Complex guidelines of government<\/b><\/strong>&#8211; The government belatedly issued a set of guidelines a month after lockdown started which only compounded the confusion.\u00a0Recent guidelines require\u00a0Pregnant women to be tested and certified COVID-19-negative to enter a \u2018general hospital\u2019.\u00a0\u00a0It\u00a0was not clear how this can happen once they are in labour, as the test results need a day\u2019s turnaround at the very least.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Overstretched and under-resourced healthcare system<\/b><\/strong>\u2013 Public healthcare is overloaded with COVID cases in cities which make such women to seek services in private sector, which makes maternal services expensive.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Role of Private Sector\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>&#8211;\u00a080% doctors and 64% beds are in the private sector. The clinics have\u00a0closed downand private hospitals have stepped back fearing infections, while larger hospitals have begun charging exorbitant amounts. The role of the private sector therefore needs to be scrutinised.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0United Nation\u2019s Sustainable Development Goal 3 is\u00a0aimed at\u00a0\u201cGood health and\u00a0well-being\u201d\u00a0for all which involves reducing the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100\u202f000 live births by 2030. State, thus, need to fulfil its duty of protecting the vulnerable, in this case pregnant women, from any challenge in coming months\u00a0by initiating public-private partnership in maternal healthcare.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong><b>4.Public- Private Partnership\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><strong><b>In<\/b><\/strong><strong><b>\u00a0Healthcare\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Source<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/a-prescription-of-equitable-and-effective-care\/article31854853.ece\"><u>The Hindu<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><b>Syllabus\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>\u2013\u00a0GS 2 &#8211;\u00a0Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Context \u2013\u00a0In handling the pandemic, there is a clear need to get the public and private sectors into a functioning partnership.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Current Status of Private Sector in tackling Pandemic\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Lack of policy &#8211;\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>No clear policy guidelines to use private sector resources that could complement public sector efforts, and how the payments for their services made.<b><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><b>Reasons for their non-participation\u202f<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Employee reluctance \u2013<\/b><\/strong>\u202fThis is due to pay cuts, the fear of sealing, the future consequences to brand value of hospitals identified with the pandemic, the lack of established protocols and protective gear.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Bureaucratic hurdles<\/b><\/strong>\u202f\u2013 Example in Telangana, administration instructed private sector hospitals to refer viral patients to government facilities<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Cost of treatment<\/b><\/strong>\u202f\u2013 The high cost of treatment (includes testing kits,\u202fhospitalisation\u202fand quarantine care) reduces demand of private healthcare. This also affects their business viability.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Nationwide lockdown<\/b><\/strong>\u2013 This has\u202flead\u202fto falling revenues and footfalls, accompanied by new expenses and risk.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><b>Contribution of Private Sector:\u202f<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The private sector provides approximately 70% of the healthcare services in India.<\/li>\n<li>\u202fPrivate sector\u2019s share in hospitals and hospital beds is estimated at 74% and 40%, respectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><b>Reasons for public-private\u00a0participation in tackling COVID<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Removing stigma<\/b><\/strong>&#8211;\u00a0Because of the labelling and stigmatisation of those diagnosed with COVID-19, the public are reluctant to come to hospital and may come late or die at home. The public needs to be ensured that hospitals will provide good quality care for COVID-19, at affordable cost and ensuring confidentiality.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Burden on public healthcare system<\/b><\/strong>\u202f\u2013 Private enterprise owns almost three out of every four hospital beds in India, and almost eight out of 10 ventilators, but they are handling less that 10 per cent of those critically ill with virus, thus all burden falls on public health institutions. To ease the burden on fellow doctors and paramedics, they need to join the battle.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><b>Steps to ensure\u00a0for public-private participation in tackling COVID<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Incentivise participation<\/b><\/strong>&#8211; All private hospitals which have the potential should take care of COVID-19. They should be given requisite incentives and subsidies to that end.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Access to all patients<\/b><\/strong>&#8211; Every patient should be able to access medical care for COVID-19 from a private or public hospital and only patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia should be admitted.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Focussing on less -critical cases<\/b><\/strong>&#8211; ICU care should be prioritised for COVID-19 patients who have potentially reversible illness. Also city hospitals should pool their ICU resources for the care of COVID-19 pneumonia.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Ensuring privacy<\/b><\/strong>\u2013 The confidentiality of the patient should be protected by adequate law.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Affordability of services<\/b><\/strong>&#8211; The government should support the basic cost of COVID-19 care in private hospitals as well.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Taking care of the warriors<\/b><\/strong>\u2013 The staff providing COVID-19\u00a0care,\u00a0should receive adequate training and be provided appropriate PPE, and families of staff who die due to COVID-19 should receive appropriate compensation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0&#8211;<strong><b>\u202f<\/b><\/strong>Since 1991, LPG reforms government has helped private sector to grow in\u00a0India.\u00a0Thus, in the times like\u00a0coronavirus\u00a0pandemic private sector needs to adopt policy of compassionate capitalism to serve the citizens and lend helping hand to government.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong><b>5.Ordinances introduced to bring changes in agriculture<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Source:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/unpacking-the-reform-agriculture-trade-ordinances-farmers-6463963\/\"><strong><u><b>The Indian Express<\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Syllabus: GS 3-Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, \u2013 different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><b>Context:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The government announced\u00a0Farmers\u2019 Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Ordinance, 2020\u00a0to facilitate trade in agricultural produce.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Aim:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Providing\u00a0for barrier-free trade of farmers\u2019 produce outside the markets notified under the various state agricultural produce market laws.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Issues in introducing ordinances rather than bills:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The Parliament is not in session, so the government used ordinance route.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Pressure by PMO:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>For instant delivery of achieving outcomes as India could not change the positions of the depressed farmers.<\/li>\n<li><b><\/b><strong><b>Lack of consultations:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>Bills would require to be placed in the public domain for comments and consultations would be held with farmers and states whose powers and revenues were being curtailed.<\/li>\n<li>Due to the\u00a0unionisation\u00a0of middlemen, politicians in the states have been reluctant to amend agriculture marketing laws which are exploitative and don\u2019t allow farmers to receive a fair price.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Farming Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Ordinance, 2020 will pave the way for creating &#8216;One India, One Agriculture Market\u2019. It will create an ecosystem where farmers and traders will enjoy freedom of choice of sale and purchase of\u00a0agri-produce.<\/p>\n<p>The recent ordinances bring changes to agricultural laws which have far reaching consequences.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Effect of the ordinances on the Agriculture:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"390\"><strong><b>Positive effects<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"390\"><strong><b>Shortcomings:<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"390\"><b>\u00b7\u00a0<\/b><strong><b>Increase\u00a0Formalisation:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0The largest informal sector in the country will begin to get\u00a0formalised\u00a0and new business models will develop.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"390\"><b>\u00b7\u00a0<\/b><strong><b>Not Coaxing the states financially to correct market:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>An unregulated marketplace has been created where 15 crore farmers will be exposed to the\u00a0exploitations\u00a0of traders.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"390\">\u00b7\u00a0A different\u00a0class\u00a0of aggregators will create the much-needed competition to the existing monopoly of local traders.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"390\"><b>\u00b7\u00a0<\/b><strong><b>Limited the powers and revenues of the state:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0States will lose vital revenue to even upgrade and repair rural infrastructure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"390\"><b>\u00b7\u00a0<\/b><strong><b>No commission legally for the sale of produce:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>When farmers sell agricultural produce outside of APMC market.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"390\"><b>\u00b7\u00a0<\/b><strong><b>Ambiguity:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The recent changes\u00a0has not\u00a0curtailed\u00a0the powers of bureaucracy and\u00a0leaves space for\u00a0wrong\u00a0interpretations as before.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"390\"><b>\u00b7\u00a0<\/b><strong><b>Less obstruction:\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>The produce derived from contract farming operations will not be subject to any obstructionist laws.<\/td>\n<td width=\"390\">\u00b7\u00a0\u201cThe Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Ordinance 2020\u201d\u00a0cast a shadow on the legal recourse for the farmers\u00a0because of tedious legal proceedings.\u00a0They did not allow farmers\u00a0to seek legal options.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><b>Way Forward<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For a long time, the government&#8217;s efforts aren\u2019t bearing fruit for farmers. There should be increased accountability for the policies made by the government to improve conditions of farmers.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a name=\"link1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\">9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<p>Click on &#8220;Factly articles for 18th June 2020&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/factly.forumias.com\/factly-articles-for-18th-june-2020\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read out 9 PM brief for all your current affairs needs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":61408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[75,1095,1075,79,1060,90],"class_list":["post-62520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","tag-current-affairs","tag-forumias-current-affaris","tag-free-current-affairs","tag-free-ias-notes","tag-free-ias-preparation","tag-free-study-material","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/9-pm-brief-1.gif?fit=2296%2C450&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":1700782672,"cached_date":1704940629},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62520"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62520\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}