{"id":64965,"date":"2020-08-31T21:00:51","date_gmt":"2020-08-31T15:30:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=64965"},"modified":"2020-09-01T18:04:35","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T12:34:35","slug":"9-pm-daily-brief-august-31st2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-brief-august-31st2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Brief \u2013 August 31st,2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader.<\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<h3>9 PM for Mains examination<\/h3>\n<p><strong>GS-1<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Age of marriage<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>GS-2<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>China\u2019s dual circulation policy<\/li>\n<li>Idea of one nation, one tax<\/li>\n<li>Sub-classification among SCs<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>GS-3<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>Attracting foreign investors<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<h4><a href=\"#link1\">FACTLy<\/a><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>1.Age of marriage<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/legal-age-of-marriage-women-in-india-6576596\/\">The Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus: <\/strong>GS-1- Society<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The proposed policy to raise women\u2019s age of marriage<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">could lead to substandard outcomes affecting the poor and marginalised sections of the country.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Marriages in the poor and marginalised sections in\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India:<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The socio-economic groups and regions where under-age marriages are prevalent are marked\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by a\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">lack of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">quality schooling and opportunities for higher\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">education, poverty<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and limited economic opportunities.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the reasons\u202ffor increasing women\u2019s age at marriage?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">To<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">get rid of the gender gap in the legal age at marriage between men and women<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Change the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">underlying social norm which expects women to be younger than men at the time of marriage.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Evidence suggests that transition from adolescence to adulthood is likely to be optimal for those who study longer years, have better nutrition and delayed marriage and parenthood.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Effects of marriage at an early age<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">dolescent girls\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">suffers<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0from multiple forms of under\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nutrition, chronic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0energy deficiency, iron deficiency\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">micronutrient deficiency<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">can also lead to child stunting and mortality to multiple diseases at a later stage.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Steps to be taken\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202fThe concept of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201cautonomy-enhancing paternalism\u201d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">advocates that a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">utonomy-enhancing policy intervention\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">promotes self-empowerment and aims to free individuals from irrelevant influences.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It aims to improve well-being\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0improving the process of decision-making.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">E<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">u<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">c<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">o<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">C<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">m<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">g<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">h<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">u<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">r<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">o<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">al<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0needs of girls<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0enhance their autonomy and improve their health and nutrition.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Way forward\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">More encouraging and innovative approaches are required to implement the existing policies effectively. Some examples of the same are:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the incentive-based approach<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of Janani Suraksha\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Yojana.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A variety of incentivising schemes, from cycles in Bihar to laptops in Tamil Nadu, already exist towards ensuring girls\u2019\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">education.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>2.China\u2019s dual circulation policy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source- <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/china-globalisation-economic-self-reliance-coronavirus-6576574\/\"><strong>The Indian Express<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus- GS 2- <\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and\/or affecting India\u2019s interests<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he shift in economic perspective is apparent across the world, in lesser or larger measure.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Globalisation<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and China<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Early 1990s-\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">China has been the chief beneficiary of the globalisation of the world economy since the end of cold war.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Transformation as a manufacturing and export hub-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0The phase of relatively free movement of capital and technology and goods and services enabled China to transform itself into a low-cost manufacturing hub for the world. It became an export powerhouse leveraging its access to the large consuming markets of the US, Europe and Japan.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">No disruption during Global financial crisis-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Due to its\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">brand of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0state capitalism and managed markets, China emerged relatively unharmed from the global financial crisis (GFEC) of 2007- 2008 while the advanced capitalist economies of the West faced prolonged disruption and stagnation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">China-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">US Competition<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Trade restrictions-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0China has been critical of the US tariffs on Chinese imports and restrictions on Chinese investment in the US. It has been particularly hurt by America denying Chinese companies access to high-tech components.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Relations with other countries-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">China is also facing challenges in its economic relations with Europe and Japan.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Competitive sentiments &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">here<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0is a rise in protectionists sentiments in the west, due to loss of intellectual property to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chinese<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0firms.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Disruption of China- centred global supply during COVID 19<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-64968\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-a.png?resize=576%2C348&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-a.png?w=576&amp;ssl=1 576w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-a.png?resize=300%2C181&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-a.png?resize=150%2C91&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dual Circulation of China\u00a0VS\u00a0 Atma-nirbhar\u00a0of India\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dual circulation of China is calculated shift from an investment and export-led growth strategy to one based on domestic consumption and services. On the other\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">hand,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">atma-nirbhar<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> focuses on building up the export industry as well as developing a domestic market of consumption.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Way Forward<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">There is an acknowledgement that the global economic environment will become progressively less conducive to free trade and capital and technology flows. Nations like China which have benefitted from globalisation, would therefore have to rely more on domestic drivers of growth. It presents an opportunity for India to fill the export gap left by China by bringing reforms in manufacturing policies.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>3.The idea of one nation, one tax<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/opinion\/columns\/the-idea-of-one-nation-one-tax-is-under-siege-11598833786304.html\">LiveMint<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus: GS2:<\/strong> Issues and Challenges Pertaining to the Federal Structure, Devolution of Powers and Finances up to Local Levels and Challenges Therein<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0The recently held Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council meeting highlighted that idea of one nation, one tax is at risk.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Issues:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Compensation issue<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: GST dues owed to states\u2014computed on the basis of the 14% annual growth. GST reform was cultivated through mutual give-and-take between members of the Council ever since GST was launched on 1 July 2017.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Coercive federalism<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: The non-payment of dues to states which was decided also jeopardizes the idea of cooperative federalism.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"12\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fall in revenue<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: the covid-19 pandemic-induced lockdowns have caused economic havoc\u2014one of which is manifesting in a massive tax revenue shortfall, both for the central and state governments.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"13\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Poor tax collection:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0If the economy is projected to contract 5-10% in the full year, tax revenues are going to fall<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, affecting\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">fiscal devolution.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"14\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Increasing\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">demand for bailouts<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0from various constituencies afflicted by the pandemic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, may further add to fiscal constraints.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Challenges before GST council:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"15\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The immediate task before the GST Council is three-fold:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It needs to\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">fix the flawed GST\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">architecture.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It has to address\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the challenge<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0posed by the covid-19 pandemic-induced economic meltdown on GST collections.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The issue involving\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">states\u2019 dues need<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to be resolved amicably<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Especially before it reaches the judicia<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ry.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Way forward:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"16\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fiscal stimulus<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: Union government needs to step up spending to protect lives, and now has to generate funds for an economic stimulus.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"17\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Strong political will and art of bargaining<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: All three challenges require a strong political leadership and resolve. Political intervention and cooperative federalism are required at the highest level to save India\u2019s boldest economic reform experiment.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>4. Sub-classification among SCs<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/editorial\/for-the-weakest-the-hindu-editorial-on-sub-classification-among-scs\/article32481807.ece\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus: Gs2<\/strong>: Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections of the population by the Centre and States<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: There is need to revisit bar on States giving preference to the most marginalised among S<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cheduled castes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Background:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"18\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2004<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0E.V.\u00a0Chinnaiah\u00a0vs. State of Andhra Pradesh<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Judgement:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The supreme court bared the state legislatures from sub classification of scheduled castes.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"19\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Present status:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Supreme Court has given reasons for a reconsideration of the verdict given by a five-judge Bench in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2004<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"20\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The judgement says that classifying Scheduled Castes into groups amounts to \u2018tinkering\u2019 with the Presidential list.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Need of Sub-Classification<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"21\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SCs include many castes and cannot be treated as a homogeneous group<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0It has recognised the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">obligation of States<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0to identify\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the more disadvantaged sections withing the Scheduled castes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"22\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rationale behind Court\u2019s observation to sub-classify:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Article 342A:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0under this article the President notifies, in consultation with the States, the list of Backward Classes, with a caveat similar to the ones in respect of Scheduled Castes (Article 341) and Scheduled Tribes (Article 342) that Parliament can make inclusions or exclusions in this list.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">As the BC list can be divided into \u2018backward\u2019 and \u2018more backward\u2019, the same could be done among SCs too.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"23\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reconsider E.V.\u00a0Chinnaiah\u00a0vs. State of Andhra Pradesh (2004):\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Recently, five-judge Bench headed by Justice Arun Mishra has affirmed the competence of the States to give preferential treatment to the weakest among the Scheduled Castes without depriving other castes of any benefit.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Significance of sub classification of SCs:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"13\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"24\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ensure Social Justice:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0In the present case, Punjab wanted to give preference to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Balmikies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mazhabi<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Sikhs among seats reserved for SC candidates, but the measure was struck down by the High Court, citing E.V.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chinnaiah<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Tamil Nadu has also carved out 3% compartment for\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Arundhatiyars<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0within the 18% SC quota.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"13\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"25\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Trickle down benefit of reservation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: It will help states to fulfil their obligation to the castes within the SC communities that have made the least progress.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><strong>5. Attracting foreign investors<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source- <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/todays-paper\/tp-opinion\/despite-the-messaging-it-is-still-advantage-china\/article32482849.ece\"><strong>The Hindu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Syllabus- GS 3- <\/strong>Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">Context-\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">India needs\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">t<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">o<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">attract\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">foreign investors<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW127439006 BCX0\">\u00a0as a better relocation destination than China.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW127439006 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXW206227401 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW206227401 BCX0\">India\u2019s<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW206227401 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW206227401 BCX0\"> advantages<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-64967\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-b.png?resize=576%2C350&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-b.png?w=576&amp;ssl=1 576w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-b.png?resize=300%2C182&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-b.png?resize=150%2C91&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India\u2019s\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">challenges<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"14\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Taxes and different policies-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0There are many policies which pose disadvantage for foreign investors.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For example- Policies such as taxes on foreign e-commerce companies and education providers are disadvantageous for foreign investors.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"14\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Competition from other nations<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; For<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0example \u2013 Vietnam and Bangladesh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"14\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Social Disturbances\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2013 The protest<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, strikes and movements which are recurrent in India creates instability and prevent foreign firms from inve<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">sting<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0here.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"14\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Border issues\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2013 Instable border and perceived threat to national peace and territorial integrity act as hindrance for inviting foreign investors as they lack confidence in nation\u2019s government.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">China\u2019s plan to offer foreign investors<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"15\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Strategic plan<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; China continues to offer foreign investors many advantages<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">uch as manufacturing infrastructure and skill level that allows innovations to move quickly from prototype to product.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"15\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Industrial zones<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; China\u2019s specialised industrial\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">zones,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0companies, factories, logistics and even research and universities have state of the art technology and represent economies of scale<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>India\u2019s plan to offer foreign investors<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-64966\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-c.png?resize=594%2C354&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"594\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-c.png?w=594&amp;ssl=1 594w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-c.png?resize=300%2C179&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9pm-c.png?resize=150%2C89&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 594px) 100vw, 594px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Other steps needed for increasing foreign investment\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">States which can produce and export<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; India should focus on developing in those States that have already demonstrated the ability to produce and export in key sectors.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Investing foreign capital in infrastructure-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Foreign capitals could also greatly increase infrastructure funds beyond government spending alone.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Geography based locations-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0India might build up new industrial centres while focusing on geograph<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ically advantageous locations<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Lora\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">States ruled by opposit<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ion<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0part<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ies<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Investing resources into states not led by the ruling national party<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">will signal that it is committed to economic openness, no matter who is in power.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Way Forward<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A policy framework that is transparent, predictable and provides increased consultations with existing and potential foreign company stakeholders before introducing new Indian economic policies will play a crucial role in determining India foreign investment outlook.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a name=\"link1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\">9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<p>Click on &#8220;Factly articles for 31st August 2020&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/factly.forumias.com\/factly-articles-for-31st-august-2020\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Don&#8217;t read the newspaper. Read our 9pm current affairs brief<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":61408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[1095,1075,79,1060,90],"class_list":["post-64965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","tag-forumias-current-affaris","tag-free-current-affairs","tag-free-ias-notes","tag-free-ias-preparation","tag-free-study-material","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/9-pm-brief-1.gif?fit=2296%2C450&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704927853},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64965"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64965\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}