{"id":65039,"date":"2020-09-02T21:00:42","date_gmt":"2020-09-02T15:30:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=65039"},"modified":"2020-09-02T20:30:21","modified_gmt":"2020-09-02T15:00:21","slug":"9-pm-daily-brief-september-2nd-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-brief-september-2nd-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Brief \u2013 September 2nd, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"

Good evening dear reader.<\/p>\n

Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n

\r\n

About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the 9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n

About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n

Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n

We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n

We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.
Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n

9 PM for Mains examination<\/h3>\n

GS-2<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. COVID-19\u2019s impact on education<\/li>\n
  2. Non-Personal Data committee<\/li>\n
  3. Pandemic and food security<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    GS-3<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. To Rebuild and Recover<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n

      FACTLy<\/a><\/h4>\n
      \n

      1.COVID-19\u2019s impact on education<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      Source- <\/strong>The Hindu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

      Syllabus- GS 2 – <\/strong>Issues relating to the development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      Context-<\/strong>Impact of COVID-19 on the education system.<\/p>\n

      Impact of COVID-19 on private education system<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. No e-learning access<\/strong>– Low-income private and the government educational institutes have completely shut down due to no access to\u00a0e-learning\u00a0solutions.<\/li>\n
      2. Endowment resources<\/strong> \u2013Survival of Private academic institutions for the most part is on the\u00a0annual income that comes from tuition\u00a0and the\u00a0assortment of other fees collected, none of the institutions in this country possesses or gets big corpuses from alumni or industry.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Example- Harvard University<\/strong>, to have an endowment of $40 billion, which can be used as fiving out fellowship to subsidizing tuition fees.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Burden on management<\/strong>– Loss of jobs in departments, student\u2019s inability to pay the requisite fee and in many instances, the hostel fee, this entire chain place additional burden on the management.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Challenges arising in dual mode of leaning<\/strong><\/p>\n

          The scaling of operations that would include the dual modes of online and offline is going to be expensive due to a dual mode of educational delivery.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Increase in efforts and financing of projects –<\/strong> The new social distancing norms would lead to the enforcement of smaller class sizes, thereby increasing the effective teaching load and multiplicity of efforts.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            For instance <\/strong>– Online teaching means new hiring in the IT sector and increased costs due to engagements with Massive Open Online Courses, or MOOCs, and other online platforms<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. High cost of digital infrastructure<\/strong> – The online teaching mode brings with it increased costs of IT infrastructure<\/strong> such as network bandwidth, servers, cloud resources and software licensing fees.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Possible key reforms-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Soft loans<\/strong>– Centre and State governments can provide soft loans to students to stay with the educational course, especially to vulnerable sections.<\/li>\n
              2. New Corporate educational model<\/strong>– Educational institutions could come to be treated like any other corporate body, with an allowable small margin of profit.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Way forward- <\/strong><\/p>\n

                The corporate model addresses not just financial sustainability but also a professional governance structure that would entail better accountability and holistic education. Acadonomics of the future will not only decide the fate of the academic sector in India but also its quality, ranking, research, innovation potential and its collective impact on our country\u2019s economy.<\/p>\n

                2.Non-Personal Data committee<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                Source-<\/strong>The Hindu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

                Syllabus- GS 2 – <\/strong>Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

                Context<\/strong> –\u00a0The government committee headed by Infosys co-founder Kris Gopalakrishnan has suggested that\u00a0non-personal data\u00a0generated in India\u00a0need to be allowed to be harnessed by various domestic companies and entities.<\/p>\n

                Gopalakrishnan Committee\u00a0\u2013 <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. The Committee was constituted by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MEITY) on\u00a013th\u00a0September, 2019<\/li>\n
                2. Purpose-<\/strong> Developing a governance framework for\u00a0non-personal data and ensure wide sharing and availability of data in society.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Non personal data<\/strong> – Set of data\u00a0which does not contain personally identifiable information.\u00a0This means that no individual or living person can be identified by looking at such data. The committee has classified non-professional data in to three main categories-<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Public non- professional data<\/strong> – It involves all the data collected by the government and its agencies during execution of all publicly funded works.<\/li>\n
                  2. Community non-personal data<\/strong>–\u00a0It involves any data identifiers about a set of people who have either the\u00a0same geographic location, religion, job, or other common social interests.<\/li>\n
                  3. Private non-personal data<\/strong>–\u00a0It can be defined as those which are produced by individuals which can be derived from\u00a0application of proprietary software or knowledge.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Issues involved- <\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Favoring big tech companies<\/strong>– Only big tech companies possess the capital and infrastructure to create such large volumes of data.<\/li>\n
                    2. Data monopoly<\/strong>– Some companies with the largest data pools have \u2018outsized, unbeatable techno-economic advantages\u2019 owing to first mover\u2019s advantage, network effects and enormous data volumes which have been collected over years.\u00a0These act as entry barriers for startups and new companies.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Gopalakrishnan Committee key recommendations- <\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Data availability<\/strong>– Treat data as infrastructure, or \u2018commons\u2019, so that data are widely available for all businesses.<\/li>\n
                      2. Community Ownership- <\/strong>Sharing of non-personal data,\u00a0as it may be useful for Indian entrepreneurs to develop new and innovative services or products to benefit citizens.<\/li>\n
                      3. Reducing dependency<\/strong>– With a robust domestic data\/AI industry,\u00a0dependence on U.S. and Chinese companies\u00a0will reduce.4<\/li>\n
                      4. Addressing monopoly<\/strong>– Separating the infrastructural elements of digital service provision from the business of digital service delivery.<\/li>\n
                      5. Separate national legislation<\/strong>and a\u00a0separate authority\u00a0<\/strong>to oversee non-personal data.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        \u00a0Different roles in the NPD ecosystem-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Data Principal- <\/strong>This is essentially the entity\/individual to whom the collected data pertains.<\/li>\n
                        2. Data custodian-<\/strong>The entity that undertakes collection, storage and processing of data, keeping in mind best interest of the data principal.<\/li>\n
                        3. Data trustee- <\/strong>Data trusts\u00a0are data infrastructures that will enable data sharing, sector-wise, or across sectors, and which can be run by various kinds of third-party bodies.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Way forward- <\/strong><\/p>\n

                          India is the\u00a0first country\u00a0to come up with a\u00a0comprehensive framework\u00a0in this area. It will set the stage for building a strong, and competitively diverse, domestic data\/AI industry in India.<\/p>\n

                          3.Pandemic and food security<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                          Source: <\/strong>The Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n

                          Syllabus: <\/strong>GS-2- Health<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

                          Context: <\/strong>New ideas by working together, learning and contributing together are required to fight<\/p>\n

                          Covid-19 and transform the agri-food system.<\/p>\n

                          Food insecurity in Asia <\/strong><\/p>\n