{"id":74103,"date":"2020-12-23T21:00:48","date_gmt":"2020-12-23T15:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=74103"},"modified":"2020-12-24T10:54:30","modified_gmt":"2020-12-24T05:24:30","slug":"9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-december-23-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-december-23-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 December 23, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader<\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<h6><strong>GS-2<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Changing global dynamics and Opportunities for India<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>How COVID-19 revealed the limits of Political Accountability?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW212630659\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW212630659\">Why\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW212630659\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW212630659\">call for a comprehensive Public Health Act<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW212630659\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW212630659\">\u00a0was much needed?<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP BCX9 SCXW212630659\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW4768654\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW4768654\">How to improve tribal\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW4768654\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW4768654\">Education\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW4768654\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW4768654\">in India?<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP BCX9 SCXW4768654\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>GS-3<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>India and EU cooperation on Climate Neutrality<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>How farm laws are Protecting Farmer\u2019s interest?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Impacts of suspension of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Air pollution killed 1.7 million Indians in 2019: Lancet report<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>9 PM for Preliminary examination<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#note1\">FACTLY<\/a><\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>GS Paper &#8211; 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/changing-global-dynamics-and-opportunities-for-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Changing global dynamics and Opportunities for India <\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source- <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/for-india-despite-a-rising-china-this-is-a-favourable-geopolitical-moment-coronavirus-7115782\/\"><strong>The Indian Express<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Syllabus- GS 2 &#8211; <\/strong>Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and\/or affecting India\u2019s interests.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context<\/strong> &#8211; India will need to make difficult judgments about the changing world order and find its place in a more complex and shifting geopolitical landscape.<\/p>\n<p>Established geopolitics has been transformed in the Post-pandemic global order. Some of the trends have been intensified by pandemic like rising of nationalism and some new trends have been established.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What are the trends intensified by Pandemic? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Although COVID pandemic was a global emergency, it intensified nationalism instead of multilateral cooperation:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Vaccine nationalism &#8211; <\/strong>Developed country manages to\u00a0secure doses of vaccine for its own citizens. It undermines equitable access to vaccines.\u00a0It further disadvantages countries with fewer resources and bargaining power.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Decline of multilateralism<\/strong> &#8211; International institutions like WTO and multilateral processes have been weakened. There was no International cooperation in developing an effective vaccine and responding to COVID-19 health impacts.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>What are the new trends established by pandemic?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Geopolitics has been transformed-<\/strong> There is a shift from economy and political power and influence from the trans-Atlantic to the trans-Pacific region.<\/li>\n<li>East Asian and South-East Asian countries have managed the crisis more effectively and are the first to register the green shoots of recovery.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Revival of growth in China<\/strong>&#8211; China has been the first major economy to bounce back from virus slump.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>China has registered growth in the trade and investment flows and the regional supply chain has been strengthened. As a result, the power gap among the world\u2019s two most important powers the US and China is shrinking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What are the needs to revive multilateral cooperation?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Globalization driven by rapid technological change has also brought new challenges with itself like; climate change, cybersecurity, space security along with the existing global issues like terrorism, drug trafficking, money laundering, and ocean and terrestrial pollution.<\/p>\n<p>Above challenges require collaborative, not competitive solution. Present existing disconnect between the nations if continued, will not be able to deal with these challenges.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Solution-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Countries around the world should stop engaging in overly nationalistic behaviors.<\/li>\n<li>Countries particularly those with\u00a0technological and financial capabilities, needs to\u00a0pool their resources together\u00a0to work on an\u00a0effective and affordable anti-virus vaccine.<\/li>\n<li>There is dire need of statesman-like leadership to mobilize action on a global scale and orient the world in the right direction<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What should be India\u2019s approach?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Due to China\u2019s aggressive posture across the globe and blatant \u201cweaponization of economic interdependence\u201d as seen in its punitive commercial action against Australia, India is being seen as a potential and credible countervailing power to resist Chinese ambitions.<\/p>\n<p>This opportunity should be leveraged by India to encourage a significant flow of capital, technology and knowledge to accelerate its own modernization by taking following step:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>By Positioning itself as most open and competitive destination for trade and investment<\/li>\n<li>By adopting its past mobilization techniques like leading the Non-Aligned Movement in an earlier time, large majority of middle and emerging powers can align with India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Way forward-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Global challenges led by rapid technological change or other challenges such as terrorism, drug trafficking and money laundering can possibly overcome through multilateral approaches and adherence to the principle of equitable burden-sharing.<\/p>\n<p>Read Also:-<strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/current-affairs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Best current affairs for UPSC?<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"_U13jX9D7L6KP4-EP0Zy_2AI67\" class=\"gy6Qzb oNjtBb V1sL5c\" aria-labelledby=\"_U13jX9D7L6KP4-EP0Zy_2AI68\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"_U13jX9D7L6KP4-EP0Zy_2AI69\" class=\"y8URue\" data-hveid=\"CBsQBA\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwiQ8b72sOTtAhWixzgGHVHODysQu04oAXoECBsQBA\">\n<div class=\"mod\" data-md=\"83\">\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/how-covid-19-revealed-the-limits-of-political-accountability\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-size: 17pt;\"><b>How <\/b><b>COVID-19\u00a0<\/b><b>revealed the<\/b><b> limits of <\/b><b>P<\/b><b>olitical\u00a0<\/b><b>A<\/b><b>ccountability<\/b><b>?<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; font-weight: 900;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GVA83J5BE.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Click here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The COVID-19 pandemic has put governance under a stress test which exposed how poorly prepared the world\u2019s governments were.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What was the response of the world leaders to the pandemic?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The world\u2019s most powerful leaders failed to do their duty to protect the citizens.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">In Brazil<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, Jair Bolsonaro irresponsibly refused to get vaccinated, even as his own government has launched a national vaccination\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">campaign. He even<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">remarked<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0that the vaccine might turn people into crocodiles.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">In India<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, lockdowns of limited effectiveness<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the sight of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">migrants<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0desperately walking back to their villages and having the second largest number of cases, dented Prime Minister Modi\u2019s popularity.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">In Russia<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, Vladimir Putin has hardly spoken even as the virus wraths unchecked across Russia.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Further, the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0citizens are against a vaccine whose ability and safety are inadequately understood because of the opacity of Russia\u2019s protocols.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Then why people of their country have not held their leaders accountable for the failure in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">handling<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0this situation? Answer lies in the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">following propositions that shape the view of general public\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">towards<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0their leaders.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the limits of political accountability exposed during the pandemic?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Three propositions frame this analysis:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prospective Accountability:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0It is often understood that the voters vote retrospectively,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i.e.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, give their judgement in the elections by voting based on the incumbent\u2019s record. Instead,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">they\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">vote prospectively, i.e., against candidates who\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the voters<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0fear w<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ould<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0put\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">opponents to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0disadvantage.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:770,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Underestimation of collective action:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Second, disease, unlike war, does not offer a clear enemy to target.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Public health advice that stressed the need for personal responsibility to stay home, wear a mask, wash<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0hands. It underestimated the challenge of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">collective<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0action predicted on millions of individual res<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ponses<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"none\">It\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">emphasises<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0person\u2019s\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">responsible for own health, then getting sick is also\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">his<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0own fault.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0It absolves the govt.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">o<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ff the responsibilities.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Poverty of collective empathy:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Third, the coronavirus pandemic reveals our inability to empathise<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0with\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">what<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0we do not see.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0For example, thousands of deaths due to pollution and road accidents go unnoticed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, unlike\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">thousands of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0deaths by COVID-19<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is the way forward?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Prolonged economic suffering demands government remedy more immediately as without some measure of accountability, democracy loses its power, and so do the people.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/why-call-for-a-comprehensive-public-health-act-was-much-needed\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Why\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">call for a comprehensive Public Health Act<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0was much needed?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/editorial\/pandemic-resilience-the-hindu-editorial-on-call-for-a-new-health-law-post-covid-19\/article33397152.ece\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Hindu<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">GS 2 &#8211;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0&#8211; India\u2019s COVID-19 management explained by parliamentary panel and the key recommendation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the key findings of parliamentary standing committee?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Low beds ratio<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; Before COVID-19 pandemic, t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he avai<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">lability of government beds were terribly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0low in India. This amounts to 0.55 beds per 1000 population<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he burden of extending comprehensive healthcare has been borne by the Government hospitals as private hospitals were either &#8220;inaccessible or not affordable<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Low government spending &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Public expenditure<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0on health accounts for only 1.13<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">% of the total health expenditure which is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">extremely<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0low when compared to WHO recommendation of 5%.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Results in l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ack of infrastructure<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in public hospitals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">has capped the maximum age of entry for a standard policy at 65, which affects older citizen during such crises.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Surge in insurance premiums up to 25 percent in the wake of the pandemic <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the recommendations of parliamentary\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">committee?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Need for a comprehensive Public Health Act<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Taking note of complaints against private hospitals, it advocated the need for a &#8220;comprehensive Public Health Act&#8221; at national level with provisions to keep &#8220;checks and controls&#8221; over private hospitals.\u202f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The proposed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Act should also keep a check on the black marketing of medicines and product standardization<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The panel has called for an omnibus law that will curb profiteering during\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">such crises and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0it can serve a larger purpose if it covered overall system reforms,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u202faddressing misguided policies<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cashless <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">health insurance<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The committee strongly recommends that the target should be to make COVID-19 treatment cashless for all people that are having insurance coverage<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">However, the committ<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ee missed out on a few observations<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Surge in Insurance premiums-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0I<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nsurance companies have raised the premium on health polici<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">es, especially for senior citizens<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0even up to 25% of the insured value<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Moreover,\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">insurance regulator, IRDAI, set 65 as the maximum age<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of entry for a standard policy earlier this year, affecting older uninsured citizens.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What ne<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">eds to be done?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Firstly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, c<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reating an equitable framework, with the government being the single and sole payer to care providers.\u202f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">With this, the government is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">able to resist commercial pressures in determining costs.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Secondly, the l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">egal reform must provide for a time-bound transition to universal state-provided health services.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lastly, t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">here should be more investments in health infrastructure for the rapid scaling up of public health services.\u202f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0The need to spend at least 2.5% of the GDP on health, the Indian government only spends about 1.3% of the GDP on the sector.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/how-to-improve-tribal-education-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How to improve tribal\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Education\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in India?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/blog\/governance\/education-for-tribals-bottlenecks-and-the-way-forward-74751\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Click here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In order to revamp the tribal education system, the educationists intend to recognise tribal culture, language, cognitive strength, curriculum and inherent learning ability of the tribal children.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Although several initiatives like establishment of Ashram Schools, Ekalavya Model Residential Schools, Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya have been taken, there are many challen<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ges in<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0ensur<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0holistic education in the tribal hinterlands<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the reforms<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">required<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in tribal education system?\u202f<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Teacher-student relationships:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Teacher-student\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">relationships are<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">very important factor as healthy relationships<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0will promote meaningful learning in classrooms.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">It should be the responsibility of the teachers<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to spread, respect and value the culture, traditions, mannerisms, languages of the tribal students.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Teaching in mother tongue:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The students should be taught in their mother tongue and every state must have adequate facilities for the same, as stated in <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Article 350A of the Indian\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Constitution. Resolute<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0efforts by states are needed to overcome the language barrier.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"none\">For instance:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Odisha Government and civil society organizations have made some efforts to educate the Gonds, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bhils<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, Santals, and other tribal groups in their mother-tongue.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">The literacy rate among <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">some of these tribes<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0has gradually gone up over the years.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:2160,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Decentralised syllabus:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The deputy director of Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">has suggested<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0that<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the syllabus of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">textbooks<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0should be decentralised<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and the socio-cultural and economic situations of tribal people should be kept in mind while\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">preparing learning material<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Exploring folklore:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The schools should explore folklore in primary education,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> which would help tap\u00a0tribals\u2019 rich tradition in arts, crafts, music, songs, fables, etc. Similarly, stories and riddles should be collected, documented, and used by teachers.\u202f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Making it inclusive:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Incorporation of tribal youth in their culture is vital.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">In order to ensure their active participation and cooperation in sensitisation programmes on the importance of education, the government should work with the tribal leaders.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is the role of United Nations?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">UNICEF, in collaboration with UNESCO, is supporting the Union government to achieve\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">quality education for all children between 6 and 14 years<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. The key areas for cooperation include:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Reaching out to vulnerable and deprived children.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Adapting international practices.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Supporting care providers and community advocates to demand inclusive and quality education.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">UNICEF is also lending its support for the development of <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">child-friendly schools and systems (CFSS)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Assistance has also been provided for monitoring tools and the integration of CFSS indicators into state plans in support of making child-friendly schools.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Under <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Promoting the Rights of Disabled Children to Quality Education<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u202fproject, UNICEF provides support to states to make primary education curriculum more inclusive for children with disabilities and building the technical capacity of teachers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Steps by the Indian government to promote tribal education: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The formation of Ashram Schools, Ekalavya Model Residential Schools, Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya, pre-matric scholarships and vocational training centres.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is the way forward?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Firstly, there should be a collaboration<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and strategic dialogue between government, policy-makers, and international development institutions to mutually put efforts to address the chronic problems and allocate adequate funds from central and state budget for tribal education.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Secondly, policy framers need to focus on a long-term strategy<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to enhance educational status of tribal children.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Thirdly, equal access and opportunities should be given<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to tribal children to empower them.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Lastly, tribal communities will have to be uplifted<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0economically and educationally for promotion of a socio-economically integrated healthy society in the remote pockets.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>GS Paper &#8211; 3<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-and-eu-cooperation-on-climate-neutrality\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>India and EU cooperation on Climate Neutrality <\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/five-years-since-paris-an-opportunity-to-build-back-better\/article33396510.ece\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>GS3: Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context: <\/strong>How India and EU are working towards the goal of mitigating climate change and what needs to be done further.<\/p>\n<p>In the Post-Covid world, investment towards greening the global economy has become a necessity so that situation doesn\u2019t get any worse than at present, due to climate change. India and EU are taking many positive steps towards greening the global economy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What were the steps taken by EU to achieve climate neutrality by 2050?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Firstly, to achieve climate neutrality in the EU by 2050, the European Commission has launched the European Green Deal (a new growth model and roadmap).<\/li>\n<li>Second, EU has designated more than half a trillion euros to address climate change by 2050 under \u201cNext Generation EU\u201d recovery package and long-term budget.<\/li>\n<li>Third, EU leaders have agreed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% compared to 1990 levels by 2030. Achieving this target will also help them to save up to \u20ac3 trillion by 2050.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How EU countries and India has been responded to climate change?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No country alone will be able to deal with the issue of climate change, thus There is a need to foster cooperation with partners from all around the world on the same format as has been done by EU and India;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Firstly, with participation of EU countries like UK and France, India has taken several initiatives such as the International Solar Alliance, the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, and the Leadership Group for Industry Transition to tackle climate change.<\/li>\n<li>Second, India and Europe are engaged to make upcoming COP 26 in Glasgow on climate change and COP 15 in Kunming on biodiversity successful.<\/li>\n<li>Third, Team Europe has assured close cooperation with India on green investments and the sharing of best practices and technologies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is the Way forward?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Clear targets:<\/strong> International community need to come forward with a clear strategy for net-zero emissions and to enhance the global level of ambition for 2030.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Climate Financing<\/strong>: There is an urgent need to mobilize $100 billion to countries most in need, together with the commitments from the receiving countries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Individual actions<\/strong>: Along with good public policies, countries need to foster small individual actions to attain a big collective impact.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Collective action<\/strong>: Countries should mobilize best scientists, business people, policymakers, academics, civil society actors and citizens to achieve climate neutrality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>By ensuring cooperation and taking all necessary steps most dramatic impacts of climate change on our societies can be avoided otherwise out next generation will have to bear the burden of climate change and pay off the debt of the recovery.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Read Also:- <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/upsc-syllabus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UPSC syllabus 2021<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"_bF7jX4m7AciN4-EP6ryngAU103\" class=\"gy6Qzb oNjtBb V1sL5c\" aria-labelledby=\"_bF7jX4m7AciN4-EP6ryngAU104\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"_bF7jX4m7AciN4-EP6ryngAU105\" class=\"y8URue\" data-hveid=\"CCIQDA\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwiJoY_8seTtAhXIxjgGHWreCVAQu04oAXoECCIQDA\">\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/impacts-of-suspension-of-insolvency-and-bankruptcy-code\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b style=\"font-size: 23px;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Impacts of suspension of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GVA83J5BC.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Click Here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Context:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The government has decided to keep the critical provisions of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) of 2016 in a state of suspension till March 31, 2021.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is the ordinance?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The government had raised the threshold of loan defaults that would spark off insolvency proceedings from \u20b91 lakh to \u20b91 crore on the day of the lockdown\u2019s announcement.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">An order, in June, indefinitely barred the beginning of insolvency proceedings for defaults arising on or after March 25, 2020, for a period of six months that could be stretched to a year.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the possible effects of such a move?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Arial\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On recovery:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It could act as\u00a0an\u00a0hindrance to the government\u2019s proclamations of a V-shaped recovery.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Arial\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On sectors:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Businesses in the sectors, which are returning to the pre-COVID levels may not be required to be protected from exits if they are not competitive.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Arial\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On small and medium businesses:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If the government is concerned about small and medium businesses, it could squeeze the default threshold limit a bit higher, while letting bankruptcy processes function again for larger loan accounts.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Arial\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On banks:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A catch-all suspension may burden the banks further.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Arial\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On the industry:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cutting off the ability of businesses to enter insolvency voluntarily may also act against the interests of the industry.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Arial\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On borrower and the lender:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In the absence of an exit-route, the assets of the firm would lose value. Thus, it would negatively affect the lender and the borrower.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is the way forward?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">A more nuanced approach would have been better for banks, businesses and the economy. Delaying the unavoidable would mean greater financial stress ahead, as the restructuring and recovery of bad loans shall get slower and future growth momentum would be pricked at the cost of understating present systemic stress.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/how-farm-laws-are-protecting-farmers-interest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>How farm laws are Protecting Farmer\u2019s interest?<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/it-is-astonishing-that-farmers-are-speaking-up-to-protect-traders-interests-7115755\/\">Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n<p>GS3: Issues related to Direct and Indirect Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices<\/p>\n<p><strong>Context<\/strong>: Farm laws enacted by government will protect farmers\u2019 interest only by providing them more option to sell their produce and enter into agreements with corporate buyers. Apprehensions are misplaced.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why there is need for reforms?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The mandi trader role in APMC mandis reduces the net received by the farmer to below MSP due to the off-book trader\u2019s commissions. Thank<\/li>\n<li>Still farmers are compelled to sell their produce to traders as each trader in the mandi has built relationships with a set of farmers and provide them with credit, thus the farmer sells his produce only through that trader, to have the credit\/advance against such sales adjusted that reduces his profit realisation.<\/li>\n<li>It is the reason behind Strong opposition by the mandi traders on bringing reforms to the APMC laws for long time. For example, In Rajasthan 2004, a Cabinet-approved amendment to the APMC Act had to be withdrawn because traders went on strike.<\/li>\n<li>But farmer\u2019s opposition to these bills is not rationale as according to many experts allowing\/introducing more buyers for farm produce, would further reduce exploitation of farmers because if there are an unlimited number of buyers a farmer can sell to whoever offers the best price.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How the changes brought in three farm laws will benefit farmers?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>First, The Farmers Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2020 <\/strong>benefits the farmers by providing farmers the freedom to sell either outside or to the mandi and enables buyers to buy at \u201cfarm gate\u201d, without the necessity of a mandi licence.\n<ul>\n<li>However, farmers are in the misconception that this reform is a precursor to the abolition of mandis and MSP. But it is not true as it would be politically suicidal for any government.<\/li>\n<li>Even, the government is ready to provide assurance to the farmers on their continuation, and to make mandi fee applying to private \u201cmandis\u201d as well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Second<\/strong>, <strong>The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020<\/strong>, provides for contract farming that will help the farmer to transit to commercial crops, such as vegetables and fruits, which give higher returns than food grain sold at MSP.\n<ul>\n<li>Contract farming will provide assured return for farmers even if there is excess production and market fall.<\/li>\n<li>In case of contracted prices lower than market prices there are provisions to share the excess windfall to the farmers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Third, the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020 <\/strong>will help the farmers to build better supply\/marketing chains and have the potential of getting higher prices\/returns for the farmer.\n<ul>\n<li>Whereas the earlier EC Act served the interest of urban middle classes, by trying to get farm produce to them at low prices. It has also led to discourage investments in cold chains, warehouses, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So, why the Farm laws that has tremendous opportunity and potential to change the lives of farmers are being opposed. The answer partly lies in the way the MSP scheme works in certain states, and the way \u201cbig\u201d farmer-trader relationships have worked out in such states.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/air-pollution-killed-1-7-million-indians-in-2019-lancet-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Air pollution killed 1.7 million Indians in 2018 &#8211; Lancet report<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Syllabus: GS-3 &#8211;\u00a0Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>News:\u00a0<\/strong>A report titled \u201cThe India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative\u201d was published in the journal Lancet Planetary Health.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative:\u00a0<\/strong>It was launched in 2015. It is a collaboration between the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the Public Health Foundation of India(PHFI), Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation(IHME) and senior experts and stakeholders currently from about 100 institutions across India.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Purpose:\u00a0<\/strong>The initiative estimates health and economic impacts of air pollution, both from indoor and outdoor sources.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aim:<\/strong>\u00a0There are state-wise and country wide variations in health status and the drivers of health loss. This initiative aims to bridge this gap by providing systematic knowledge of the local health status and trends in each state.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways of the report:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Deaths due to Air Pollution:\u00a0<\/strong>Some 1.7 million Indians died due to air pollution in 2019 which is 18% of the total deaths in the country.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disease Burden:\u00a0<\/strong>40% of the disease burden due to air pollution is from lung diseases, the remaining 60% is from ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and neonatal deaths related to preterm birth,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indoor vs Outdoor Air Pollution:\u00a0<\/strong>The mortality from indoor air pollution reduced by 64% between 1990 and 2019, that from outdoor ambient air pollution increased by 115% during this period. Due to Indoor pollution, Goa had the least loss at $7.6 million and UP the highest at $1829\u00b76 million.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Economic Loss due to Air Pollution<\/strong>: India has lost 1.4% of GDP due to premature deaths and morbidity from air pollution. It is equivalent to Rs 2,60,000 crore in monetary terms \u2014 more than four times of the allocation for healthcare in the Union budget for 2020-21.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Economic loss to State GDP:\u00a0<\/strong>The economic loss due to air pollution as a percentage of the state GDP was higher in the northern and central India states, with the highest in Uttar Pradesh (2.2% of GDP) and Bihar (2% of GDP).Further, the highest health and economic impact of air pollution is in the less developed states of India.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Highest Per Capita loss:\u00a0<\/strong>Delhi had the highest per-capita economic loss due to air pollution followed by Haryana in 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\">9 PM for Preliminary examination<\/h3>\n<p><a id=\"note1\"><\/a> Click on &#8220;Factly articles for December 23, 2020<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/factly.forumias.com\/factly-news-articles-for-december-23-2020\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today GS-2 Changing global dynamics and Opportunities for India How COVID-19 revealed the limits of Political Accountability? Why\u00a0call for a comprehensive Public Health Act\u00a0was much needed?\u00a0 How to improve tribal\u00a0Education\u00a0in India?\u00a0 GS-3 India and EU cooperation on Climate Neutrality How farm laws&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-december-23-2020\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 December 23, 2020<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":71653,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/website-banners-9-PM-DAILY-BRIEF-1-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704941360},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74103"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74103\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=74103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=74103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}