{"id":74648,"date":"2020-12-29T19:19:23","date_gmt":"2020-12-29T13:49:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=74648"},"modified":"2021-03-26T18:46:36","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T13:16:36","slug":"dry-run-and-challenges-of-vaccines-distribution-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/dry-run-and-challenges-of-vaccines-distribution-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Dry Run and Challenges of Vaccines distribution in India"},"content":{"rendered":"<pre><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><em><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Synopsis:<\/strong> Indian is one of the world\u2019s leading vaccine manufacturer, thus will have better access to vaccines, but the distribution of manufactured vaccine will prove to be a formidable task.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Dry run to test preparedness for the nationwide roll-out of a COVID-19 vaccine kicked off in four States \u2014 Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Punjab.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>What is dry run of Vaccines?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A dry run is aimed at<strong> testing the planned operations<\/strong> and the laid out mechanisms for Covid-19 vaccination in the state. It will provide insights into <strong>any gaps or bottleneck<\/strong>s so that those could be addressed before the commencement of the actual drive.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Intended beneficiaries of each State, <strong>registered on Co-WIN\u2019 app<\/strong>, have been sent text messages, containing info about the time and place of their \u201cCOVID-19 vaccination\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Read &#8211;<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/cowin-grand-challenge-cowin-platform-and-cowin-app\/\">About Co-Win app and platform<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">All the beneficiaries will have to register themselves compulsorily on Co-Win platform and provide a photo ID proof upon asking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Authorities will prepare a report for the STF, after conducting this dry run. STF will review the report and provide feedback and guidance to the authorities on further actions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The report will also be submitted to the Union Ministry of health and Family Welfare.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>India\u2019s vaccine distribution infrastructure<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">India has created a network of Cold Chain Infrastructure for vaccines at various levels. Presently, Vaccine distribution takes place through following process and infrastructures;<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Vaccines are produced by Manufacturers or procured by suppliers through agreements and arrangements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">These vaccines are then delivered to 4 Government Medical Store Depots (GMSDs) in Karnal, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">From these GMSDs vaccines are delivered to state, divisional and regional vaccine stores.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">They further distribute these vaccines to District Vaccine stores (DVCs). DVCs then deliver vaccines to PHCs, CHCs and Private facilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">From these centers beneficiaries can get themselves vaccinated.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">All these distributions take place through insulated Vans and Vaccine carriers.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Some of the important facts and figures<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">In Phase-1, Government is aiming at vaccinating 300 million most vulnerable people by August 2021 i.e. \u00a0600 million doses till August.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">At present India is having About 27000 cold chain points across the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">India\u2019s present distribution capacity is 360 million doses in 8 months for both government and private facilities. It includes the Capacity of Private Cold Chain infrastructure at 200 million and government capacity at 160 million.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The above capacity includes the infrastructure of the current immunization program, if leveraged for the covid vaccination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Due to the electronic vaccine intelligence network (eVIN) system, a real-time supply chain management system, India\u2019s vaccine management has improved<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>What are the challenges in vaccine distribution in India? <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Firstly<\/strong>, to complete the aims of the first phase of the covid vaccination drive, the public sector distribution capacity will need to be expanded 2-3 times.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Secondly<\/strong>, there are gaps in the vaccine distribution system. As per the Audit of health ministry in 2017-18, 26% of eVIN cold chain points reported instances of stock out during the period of assessment. More than a fifth of facilities reported wastage of vaccines.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Third, <\/strong>Interstate disparity in the distribution of cold chain infrastructure\u00a0across the country.\u00a0For instance, roughly 4 cold chain points serve 100,000 population in Gujarat, whereas there is just one cold chain for the same number of people in Jharkhand.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Fourth<\/strong>, <strong>unique requirements of the COVID-19 Pandemic\u00a0<\/strong>such as Identifying beneficiaries, ensuring they show up on the day of vaccination, and administering a second dose after a month, provide vaccine across age groups instead of current programmes focus on particularly vulnerable sections, etc. All these require micro-level planning with a proper collaboration from the top.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Fifth,<\/strong> <strong>Post-vaccination challenges\u00a0<\/strong>such as documentation of vaccination and the tracking and investigation of vaccine safety events, all are equally important to create positive public opinion about vaccination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Sixth,<\/strong> India has performed poorly on the analysis by WHO-UNICEF in 2018, it ranked among 89 countries in 51-75 percentile range on effective vaccine management.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Seventh,<\/strong> If the present infrastructure of universal immunization programme is used as planned, what will happen to the regular immunization drive, is also a big challenge in front of government.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">India is one of the biggest producers of vaccines in the world. Serum Institute of India (SII) alone is a producer of more than 1.5 billion vaccine doses every year and is expected to produce 1 billion doses of the Novavax vaccine by 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">As now, the vaccine is being authorized by Emergency Use Authorisation method, Need is to augment the capacity of vaccine distribution on an urgent basis.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Synopsis: Indian is one of the world\u2019s leading vaccine manufacturer, thus will have better access to vaccines, but the distribution of manufactured vaccine will prove to be a formidable task. Dry run to test preparedness for the nationwide roll-out of a COVID-19 vaccine kicked off in four States \u2014 Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Punjab.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/dry-run-and-challenges-of-vaccines-distribution-in-india\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Dry Run and Challenges of Vaccines distribution in India<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":67075,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[1315,8001,1289,1456,1472],"class_list":["post-74648","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7-pm","tag-st_1","tag-science_technology","tag-soc_0","tag-soc_01","tag-vaccine_related_issues","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/1594917346-8714.jpg?fit=620%2C464&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704797066},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74648","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74648"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74648\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=74648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=74648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}