{"id":75629,"date":"2021-01-06T21:00:55","date_gmt":"2021-01-06T15:30:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=75629"},"modified":"2021-01-07T11:33:11","modified_gmt":"2021-01-07T06:03:11","slug":"9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-january-6-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-january-6-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 6, 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Good evening dear reader<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>GS-Paper 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW184322008\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW184322008\">Laws against\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW184322008\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW184322008\">Inter-faith marriage and\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW184322008\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW184322008\">Fundamental rights<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>GS-Paper 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW252749439\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW252749439\">Why central deputation to 3 Bengal police officers not right?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW3052143\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW3052143\">India-U.K.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW3052143\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW3052143\">relations after Brexit<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>GS-Paper 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Digital technology worsen financial exclusion in rural India<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Why lightning kills so many Indians?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW132241157\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW132241157\">Issue of single law for different regions of agriculture<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/laws-against-inter-faith-marriage-and-fundamental-rights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Laws against\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Inter-faith marriage and <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fundamental rights<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=G3A852PMT.1&amp;imageview=0\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Hindu<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> GS 1 &#8211; <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Indian Constitution\u2014historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Synopsis<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Uttar<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Pradesh recently passed an ordinance which criminalizes inter\u00adfaith marriages, which is against the exercise of the free will of individual citizens in India.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction-\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u00b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UP ordinance which criminalizes inter-faith marriages h<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as set an extreme example<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, being followed by other states like MP.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u00b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In these\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">states&#8217;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">other laws on slaughter of cattle, marriage, and religious conversions\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">have been enacted targeted at minorities of the state.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u00b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Uttarakhand<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, a\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">recent\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">divergent view attracted an enquiry<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0over a press release\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by district<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0social welfare department\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">highlighted a scheme\u00a0incentivizing\u00a0 inter-faith and inter-caste marriages<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How interfaith marriages were seen in the\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">past<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u00b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"13\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">First, Nehru\u2019s view<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; Chaudhary\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">charan<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">singh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in 1994, Sends a proposal to Prime Minister Nehru to pass a law that would ensure only those youth who married outside, or were prepared to marry outside, their caste be recruited in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">gazetted<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0government services.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"16\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Charan\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">singh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0believed the intractable issue of caste required drastic measures to start the process of its disintegration.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"&quot;Courier New&quot;\" data-listid=\"14\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Nehru disagrees with his proposal on account of freedom of choice of individuals to choose their life partner.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u00b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"13\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Second,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Kusubh<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Chandra\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">sen\u2019s<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0view<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; The very first debate for legal marriage in India dates back to the 1860s, when the colonial State received a petition signed by\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Keshub<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Chandra Sen of Brahmo Samaj, to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">legitimise<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0marriages amongst the members of Brahmo Samaj. The motive was to provide the Samaj the right to freely marry as per their \u2018<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">rites of conscience\u2019.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u00b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"13\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Third, Special Marriage Act, 1954<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; SMA is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to provide a special form of marriage for the people of India and all Indian nationals in foreign countries, irrespective of the religion or faith followed by either party.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">However, States such as Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh framing laws that target inter-faith marriage.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The procedural requirements of the SMA such as the need to give prior notice, and allowance for objections, seem to be undermining its original intent by opening the doors to violent moral policing by vigilante groups.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are t<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he issues related to these new laws<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Interference by the State in an adult\u2019s right to love and marry has a \u2018chilling effect\u2019 on freedoms<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">First, against personal liberty-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">These new laws<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0intervene in the citizens\u2019 personal liberty by interfering with the choice of their spouse.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Second, Against the Right to Privacy<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; The level of state interference in a civil union, which is a solemnization of a relationship between two individuals, breaches the basic structure of the Constitution.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Third, Hinder the individual\u2019s Right to choose faith<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; According to\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Articles 25 to 28<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, an Indian citizen is guaranteed the freedom to practice any religion of his or her\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">choice.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0ordinance is a conflict with these\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">rights\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as it limits the choice of the <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">religion of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a prospective spouse<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lastly, Patriarchal Roots-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0This shows the law has deep-seated patriarchal roots, wherein women are infantilized, placed under parental and community control, and denied the right to take life decisions, should those decisions not be agreeable to their guardians.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Constitution of India offers high principles for citizens to aspire for. Citizens may not have been lived up to these principles but it was the intent that individual try to achieve those principles by doing better to the society.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Laws in questions are doing exact opposite by going\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">against<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0these principles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Way forward-<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Based on the judicial pronouncements it is clear that the Right to marry a person belongs to another faith is a Fundamental Right<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It is for the court to\u202f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">suo<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">motu<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202fstrike these laws down if it wants to preserve the basic structure of the constitutional edifice.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/why-central-deputation-to-3-bengal-police-officers-not-right\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Why central deputation to 3 Bengal police officers not right?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=G3A852PM5.1&amp;imageview=0\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Hindu<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0GS\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2 &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Synopsis-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Central orders, three IPS officer from Bengal to serve central deputation to as part of an exercise to fix responsibility for the alleged lapses.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Central<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Deputation\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">O<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">fficers on deputation serve as substitute for regular duty posts in the event of service officers holding duty posts being temporarily away from their cadre<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Officers perform regular functions of the posts against which they are posted as substitutes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Background-<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he Centre has asked for the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">three IPS officers to be sent on deputation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0with the Government of India following an attack on\u202fBJP\u202fpresident J P\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nad<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">da\u2019s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0motorcade outside Kolkata,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">these officers were in charge of security.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bengal\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">government<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0refused to send<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0three IPS officers on central deputation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The state\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">government<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in its refusal<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0has cited\u202fa shortage of IPS officers<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Why Centre\u2019s decision is not legitimate<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Centre\u2019s\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">decision\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">not only reeks of vengeance but goes against the norms governing deputation of officers to the Centre.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">First, p<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">utting blame on the three IPS officers for the attack without even a perfunctory inquiry goes\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">against the norms of justice.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A formal enquiry should have taken place, then the penal actions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Second, forcibly deputed to central organization-\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The concerned IPS officers have been assigned new responsibilities at Centre:\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bholanath<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pandey<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0has been depute<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0as SP, Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPRD), Praveen\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tripathi<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0as DIG,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sashastra<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Seema<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bal<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(SSB) and Rajee<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">v<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202fMishra as IG, Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The forceful deputation\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">can<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0dem<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">oralize the serving office which eventually affects the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ir<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0service\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">performance as<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0they go with the perception that they have been deputed on grounds of inefficiency or as a punishmen<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is the process of deputation in India?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The movement of officers from the state to the Centre and back is of mutual benefit to the states and the government of India on the one hand and to the officers concerned, on the other<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">First,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in normal case,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">officers willing to be deputed to the Centre are asked to apply through the States.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A panel of selected officers is prepared after which they are deputed to various Central Armed Police Forces<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0[CRPF, ITBP, SSB etc.]\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Centre police organization<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0on\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0basis of merit<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Second,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0case of disagreement\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">between Centre and State<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rule 6(1) of the Indian Police Service (Cadre) Rules,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1954\u202fsays about deputation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In case of disagreement between Centre and state over deputation of an IPS officer, the Centre&#8217;s\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">will shall<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0prevail.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Why government reducing the CDR of IPS officers<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Central government proposes 50 percent cut in the IPS central deputation quota\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">because<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">First, t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">state governments do not spare their IPS officers<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for central deputation and more than 60 per cent posts remain vacant.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t is observed that at present only 428 IPS officers are working on Central Deputation against the authorized strength of 1075 officers<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Second,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">most<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0officers avoid Central deputation as they enjoy\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">better perks and powers in the States.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Third,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Central deputation could mean\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a posting in the Northeast<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0or in a\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Left-Wing<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Extremism-affected State<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Thus,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Centre decision to call West Bengal IPS officer to serve in central deputation s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">eems absurd and such arbitrary decision must be avoided.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/india-u-k-relations-after-brexit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India-U.K.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">relations after Brexit<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=G3A852PM9.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">click here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">GS 2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; International Relations<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Synopsis:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India and UK have shared a past and they need to plan a different future together.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1840],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;469777462&quot;:[1840],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">PM Modi invited the British Prime Minister Boris Johnson as the chief guest for India\u2019s Republic Day parade this month. However, British PM has expressed his inability to attend the ceremony due to COVID-19 mutations in the UK. In Britain\u2019s opinion, the invite from India was quite casual and unplanned.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">It\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">is the prime<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0minister\u2019s decision to choose the chief guest for the Republic Day parade and he or she does not have to consult others in or outside the Cabinet.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">PM Modi selected the following guests:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">U.S. President Barack Obama in 2015.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">French President Francois Hollande in 2016.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Crown Prince of the United Arab Emirates in 2017.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The ASEAN leaders in 2018.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">South African President Cyril Ramaphosa in 2019.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mr. Bolsonaro in 2020, and Mr. Johnson for 2021.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The PM has mostly chosen the leaders from the west out of the 193 countries in the United Nations.\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Britain is invited for the 6<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">th<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0time.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Discuss India-Britain relationship in the context of Free Trade Agreements.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">India has been unsuccessful in negotiating a trade agreement<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0with the European Union since 2007 and Britain was considered the reason behind this failure.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Now due to Brexit, UK\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">might make\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">every effort to pursue commercial gain in Asian countries with high growth rates.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">However, India might face\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">similar\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">hurdles as faced with the EU during FTA negotiations<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0i.e.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Both UK and India\u2019s<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0export profile\u00a0is\u00a0primarily focused on services.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Britain<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0will mention its new<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0points-based system f<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">or immigrants for free movement of professionals.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0While<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0India<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">fter withdrawing out of RCEP, is\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">wary about discussing any new trade agreement,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and will place greater pressure on aspects related to country of origin and percentage of value addition in exports.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Both the countries may settle for a limited agreement covering pharmaceuticals, financial technology, chemicals, defence production, petroleum and food products.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Why close relations with UK are important?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ties between India and U.K. are considerably important because of following reasons:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Firstly,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> 1.5 million people from Indian origin live in Britain which also includes 15 Members of Parliament, three members in Cabinet and two in high office as Finance and Home Ministers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Before the pandemic hit the world, there were half a million tourists from India to Britain annually and twice that figure from Britain to India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Secondly,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0approximately 30,000 Indians study in Britain regardless of limited opportunities for post-graduation employment.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:770,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Thirdly,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> Britain is among the top investors in India and India is the second-biggest investor and a major job creator in Britain.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/digital-technology-worsen-financial-exclusion-in-rural-india-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">D<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">igital technology<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0worsen financial exclusion in rural India<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/how-over-reliance-on-tech-worsens-financial-exclusion-in-rural-india-7134424\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Indian<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Express<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0GS Paper III<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Economy \u2013 Financial Inclusion<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Synopsis-\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Internet Services base payment system is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">worsening the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0financial\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">exclusion prevalent<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in rural India.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Internet services have provided much comfort to the user. But for the majority of the rural population digital technology has become troublesome due to lack of technical knowledge and nexus of service providers, middlem<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">an, government officials and others.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">We need to find solutions so that the fruits of digital technology will be borne by all the rural population.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction of the digital payment based solution in rural India<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Direct Benefits Transfer (DBT) was launched with an aim of improving financial inclusion in 2011. Since 2015,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">it has become synonymous with\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Aadhaar<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Payments Bridge Systems (APBS)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Money is transferred to the various beneficiaries\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0programs under DBT\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">such as\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">maternity entitlements, student scholarships,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and wages<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for MGNREGA<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">To deal with the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201clast mile challenges\u201d<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0facing beneficiaries\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in accessing their money, banking kiosks known as Customer Service Points (CSP) and Banking Correspondents (BC) were promoted<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">These are private individuals who offer banking services through the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Aadhaar<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Enabled Payment Systems (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">AePS<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">).\u202f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At these\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">kiosks<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, beneficiaries<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202fcan perform basic banking transactions such as small deposits and withdrawals<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">However, it doesn\u2019t solve the basic issues that are being faced by the lower strata of the rural areas in receiving their own money from their bank accounts.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the issues faced by rural population?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The process of transition from older payment systems and the APBS technology needs to be scrutinised which impact all DBT programmes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lack of technical knowledge<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; Workers have little clue abou<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t where their wages have been credited and what to do when their payments get rejected, often due to technical reasons such as incorrect account numbers and incorrect\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Aadhaar<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0mapping with bank accounts.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lack of accountability<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">State governments have not set any<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0accountability for APBS\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">AePS<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\/payment intermediaries and there is no\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">grievance redressal<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0mechanism for the same.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lac<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">k of consultation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; The workers\/beneficiaries have rarely been consulted regarding their preferred mode of transacting.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Creation of new forms of corruption\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2013<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">All the above factors have resulted into new form of corruption.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For Example;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Massive scholarship scam took place in Jharkhand, where many poor students were deprived of their scholarships owing to a nexus of middlemen, government officials, banking correspondents and others.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Findings of the new report by\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">LibTech<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0India<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">LibTech<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0India recently released a research report based on a survey of nearly 2,000 MGNREGA workers across Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Rajasthan.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0The survey explains the experiences of workers in obta<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ining wages in hand after they were credited to their bank accounts.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Access to wages from banks becomes arduous<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; Rural banks are short-staffed and tend to get overcrowded<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Hence, it requires more hours<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and multiple visits to access wages from banks<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Technical issues<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0CSP\/BCs appeared to be a convenient alternative to banks due to their proximity. However, an estimated 40 per cent of them had to make multiple visits to withdraw from CSPs\/BCs due to biometric failures.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Too much travel cost is in<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">volved<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8211; To get their DBT share, MGNREGA workers need to spend too much on travel\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">leading in addition to the loss<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">their daily wage on the day of travel. E.g.\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the average travel cost for one visit to a bank in Jharkhand is\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a050 which becomes\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0100 for two bank visits<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Passbook related issues<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211; The only way for rural bank users to keep track of their finances is through their bank passbooks. However, more than two-thirds of time workers were denied the facility to update their passbooks at banks, some workers are even charged\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(45 per cent in Jh<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">arkhand)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">this free service by\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CSPs\/BCs<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Way forward<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he right to access your own money in a timely and transparent manner<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0is a basic right of every individual that must be protected by government at any cost<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">There are just 14.6 bank branches per 1 lakh adults in India. This is sparser in rural India. Despite hardsh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ips of access, most workers preferred to transact at the banks. Hence\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Branch expansion<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0into rural unbanked locations will significantly reduce poverty.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25cf\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The technological <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">solutions must be coupled with a governance structure,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in which protection of rights and choices of individuals must be fundamental<\/span><b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><\/b><br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/why-lightning-kills-so-many-indians\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Why lightning kills so many Indians?<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-why-lightning-still-kills-so-many-indians-7128058\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click Here<\/a><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Syllabus: GS3:\u00a0Disaster and disaster management.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> According to a report, Lightning strikes have caused 1,771 deaths between April 1,2019 and March 31,2020 in India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The report has been prepared by Climate Resilient Observing Systems Promotion Council(CROPC), a non-profit organisation that works with India Meteorological Department(IMD), Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology(IITM), India Meteorological Society(IMS) and World Vision India to disseminate early lightning forecasts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>State Wise Deaths due to Lightning Strikes: <\/strong>Uttar Pradesh with 293 deaths, Madhya Pradesh 248, Bihar 221, Odisha 200 and Jharkhand 172 deaths together accounted for more than 60% of the numbers which are 33% of total fatalities from all natural disasters during the time period.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Highest Lightning Strikes State: <\/strong>Odisha had 11.20 lakh plus lightning strikes\u2014the highest in the country\u2014with 200 casualties. During Cyclone Fani, the state saw more than one lakh intense lightning strikes in 2019.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deaths due to Lightning: <\/strong>The reason for death due to Lightning is because people are unaware and about 78% deaths took place due to people standing under isolated tall trees.About 22% of the people were struck in the open.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Why are lightning strikes increasing? <\/strong>The report mentions that the lightning is direct promulgation of climatic extremities like global warming, deforestation, depletion of water bodies, concretisations, rising pollution and aerosol levels have cumulatively pushed the environment to extremes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Recommendations:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lightning needs to be listed as a notified disaster<\/strong> by the Ministry of Home to get required attention in national policy directives and developmental programmes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Implement a local lightning safety action plan <\/strong>like installing Lightning Protection Devices.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Need of Scientific and Community Centric approach: <\/strong>National Disaster Management Authority(NDMA) has issued guidelines for preparations of Lightning action plans to states.But the large number of fatalities show the implementation also needs a more \u2018scientific and focused community centric approach\u2019 as well as convergence of various departments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A National Lightning Resilience Programme <\/strong>is needed to identify the precise risk in terms of lightning frequency, current intensity, energy content, high temperature and other adverse impacts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Early lightning warning<\/strong> to farmers, cattle grazers, children and people in open areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Additional Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>What is Lightning: <\/strong>Lightning is the process of occurrence of a natural electrical discharge of very short duration and high voltage between a cloud and the ground or within a cloud accompanied by a bright flash and sound and sometimes thunderstorms.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Types: <\/strong>Inter cloud or intra cloud(IC) lightning which are visible and are harmless. It is cloud to ground (CG) lightning which is harmful as the \u2018high electric voltage and electric current\u2019 leads to electrocution.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Technology: <\/strong>CROPC has a MOU with the India Met Department (IMD), Ministry of Earth Science(MoES) to disseminate early lightning forecasts which uses satellite observations, inputs from \u2018network of Doppler and other radars\u2019, \u2018lightning detection Sensors\u2019 among others.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Origin of Lightning: <\/strong>Most Lightning strikes originate from Chotanagpur Plateau \u2013 the confluence of Odisha, West Bengal and Jharkhand\u2014and extended to Bangladesh to Patkai plateau of Meghalaya affecting other North eastern states.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/issue-of-single-law-for-different-regions-of-agriculture\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Issue of single law for different regions of agriculture\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=G3A852PN1.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">click here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">GS 3<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Synopsis:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Present agriculture reforms have not considered the ground level issues faced on the regional level and vertical level<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Recently, the current government has opened up the output market with the purpose to let market forces improve effectiveness and create more value for farmers and the economy.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">New farm laws state that farmers are now free to sell all their products anywhere and to anyone beyond the APMC markets.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The laws also promote contract farming by creating partnerships between farmers and food-processing companies and license unlimited notice of food except in special conditions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">However, reforms cannot be forceful and should be implemented as per the requirement of farmers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What do the farmers want?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The farmers gave 3 main suggestions in the enquiries held with them:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Firstly,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">the selling price of their produce should include the cost of production and reasonable profit margin.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:770,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Secondly<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, rise and fall in prices should be nominal.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:770,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Thirdly,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Farmers are not comfortable in dealing with legal or administrative officials, so there should be little or no interface between them.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:770,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the issues with new laws?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">There will be no control over the new markets by anyone which creates a lot of uncertainty.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">First, concerns related to Mandi-market system<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Farmers could go to local leaders in case of malpractices in Mandis but there is no authority to report to in the new system.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">There is no certainty over the continuation of the mandi-MSP system<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0as if the alternative traders offer better prices, farmers will go there and not to the mandis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Second, Issues related to contract farming<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">There is an advantage to the corporate-buyers<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> as they can choose to not buy the full quantity and delay payments. The corporates have access to several lawyers, so the poor farmers can\u2019t complain or compete against them.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">This is a contract between\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">unequal<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and will result in unequal outcomes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Farmers do not have the resources or are not educated enough to deal with traders or corporates.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Third, Issues related to similar solution for different problem\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">T<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">he condition<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">s<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0of different regions are not similar as<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">country is diverse with some 15 agroclimatic zones and has over 50 crops grown.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">It is also the reason behind<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0farmers from outside the wheat-rice belts in northern India are not protesting<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Thus,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0a comprehensive law for all the regions with different cropping patterns and climatic conditions might create troubles for farmers later.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What are the steps\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">should<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0be taken?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\u25aa\" data-font=\"Noto Sans Symbols\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The problem of lack of progress and high input prices in agriculture can be resolved through an efficient approach suggested in\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">the M.S. Swaminathan Commission and\/or the Ashok\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Dalwai<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Committee.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">For example,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">a solution<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">should be\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">worked out for farmers to switch from water-soaking paddy\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">crops<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to other crops in Punjab and Haryana in the next five years.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">They would reduce the area under paddy by 25-30%, and the loss they suffer in the short run, will be compensated for by the government. This could also be done for sugarcane in western Maharashtra.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"CyzH1tnRNX\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-jan-062021\/\">Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims| Jan 06,2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims| Jan 06,2021&#8221; &#8212; Free UPSC IAS Preparation For Aspirants\" src=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-jan-062021\/embed\/#?secret=Rhqhqwuiae#?secret=CyzH1tnRNX\" data-secret=\"CyzH1tnRNX\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today GS-Paper 1 Laws against\u00a0Inter-faith marriage and\u00a0Fundamental rights GS-Paper 2 Why central deputation to 3 Bengal police officers not right? India-U.K.\u00a0relations after Brexit GS-Paper 3 Digital technology worsen financial exclusion in rural India Why lightning kills so many Indians? Issue of single&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-january-6-2021\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 6, 2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":75337,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/website-banners-9-PM-DAILY-BRIEF-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1702818753},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75629\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}