{"id":75833,"date":"2021-01-07T18:32:06","date_gmt":"2021-01-07T13:02:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=75833"},"modified":"2021-02-02T11:28:47","modified_gmt":"2021-02-02T05:58:47","slug":"issue-of-privacy-and-personal-data-protection-bill-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/issue-of-privacy-and-personal-data-protection-bill-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Issue of privacy and Personal Data Protection Bill 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Synopsis<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013 Present<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0data-based technological development and Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 presents a unique challenge to the privacy of individuals.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Introduction Personal Data Protection Bill<\/span><\/b> 2019<b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> \u00a0 &#8211;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">By\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Puttaswamy<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0v India (2017)\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">case,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0privacy<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0was established as a fundamental right. In other\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">cases,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0MP<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Sharma v. Satish Chandra (1954) and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kharak<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Singh v. Uttar Pradesh (1962), as well, Privacy rights were upheld by SC.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">However, the development of global technology and implementation of the Aadhaar biometric\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">programme<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0in India have diluted the effect of these rulings. Now there is an urgent need to take a new look at the legal position of privacy in India.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">As depicted by Aadhaar based technology and global social media platforms, data has become a new oil\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">i.e.,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0it has become a<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0tool for economic and political gain.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">It created a stream of data protection legislations, globally. India is also trying to join the league by Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 (DPB).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">In India, the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 (DPB)\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">is currently under consideration by a parliamentary committee. There are various issues in this bill that go against the privacy rights of individuals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Commercial and Political consequences of the Data Protection Bill (DPB)<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Data Collection related issues\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">First-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Bill will negatively impact the<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0emerging technologies market of India dealing in creation, use, and sale of data that is valued at $1 trillion by 2025.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Second-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0The bill requires digital\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">firms who<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0want to operate in India to obtain permission from users before collecting their data.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Third<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013 Bill<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0also declares that users who provide data are, in effect, the owners of their own data and may control its usage or request firms to delete it.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">European internet-users are able to exercise a \u201cright to be forgotten\u201d and have evidence of their online presence removed.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Fourth<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013 The bill allows the government to use \u201ccritical\u201d or \u201csensitive\u201d personal data, related to information such as religion, to protect national interest.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Fifth<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013 Open-ended access to government could lead to misuse of data.\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mr. B N Srikrishna, the chairmen of the drafting committee of the original bill, warned that government-access exemptions risk creating an \u201cOrwellian state\u201d.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Issues related to Establishment of Data Protection Authority (DPA)\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bill aims to establish a<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Data Protection Authority (DPA)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which will be charged with managing data collected by the Aadhaar\u00a0programme.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Authority will consist of chairperson and six committee members,\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Members will be appointed by the central government on the recommendation of a selection committee.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Members will be selected\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">from senior<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0civil servants, including the Cabinet Secretary.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">government\u2019s power to appoint and remove members at its discretion\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">provides it\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">an ability<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to influence the independence of agency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Unlike similar institutions, such as the Reserve Bank of India or the Securities and Exchange Board, the DPA will not have an independent expert or member of the judiciary on its governing committee.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The UIDAI, for its part, has a chairperson appointed by the central government and reporting directly to the Centre.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Issues related to government use of data for surveillance<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">There are instances that suggest,<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0India is acquiring some features of a surveillance state<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">As stated by the Union Home minister recently,\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">police used facial recognition technology<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to identify people after the anti-CAA protests and the Delhi riots.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">There is a high possibility that police\u00a0was\u00a0matching the video offstage with the<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0database of Election Commission and e-Vahan, a pan-India database<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0of vehicle registration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Issue related to safety of data<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">There are instances of controversy where government has shown casual approach towards data safety and privacy of its citizens:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">First,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Safety concerns were raised during\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">aadhaar<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0data collection,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0which stores biometric data in the form of iris and fingerprints which is a violation of right to privacy.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Second<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0instance was of\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Aarogya Setu contact-tracing app<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0which was allegedly not able to protect the data provided by citizens.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Way Forward<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Data Protection\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bill is<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0a unique opportunity for India, a country with some 740 million internet users.\u00a0 It would be a standard setter for privacy of individuals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Inclusive debate needs to take\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">place in<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the Joint Parliament Committee and then in Parliament to examine the Data Protection Bill\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">and promote<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0transparency.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Synopsis\u2013 Present\u00a0data-based technological development and Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 presents a unique challenge to the privacy of individuals.\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 \u00a0 &#8211; By\u00a0Puttaswamy\u00a0v India (2017)\u00a0case,\u00a0privacy\u00a0was established as a fundamental right. In other\u00a0cases,\u00a0MP\u00a0Sharma v. Satish Chandra (1954) and\u00a0Kharak\u00a0Singh v. Uttar Pradesh (1962), as well, Privacy rights were upheld by SC.\u00a0\u00a0 However,&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/issue-of-privacy-and-personal-data-protection-bill-2019\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Issue of privacy and Personal Data Protection Bill 2019<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":75849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1230,1243,1351,1310,9],"tags":[1301,1361,1435],"class_list":["post-75833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-daily-articles","category-act-and-schemes-new","category-daily-news","category-daily-news-updates","category-public","tag-po_3","tag-sec_4","tag-sec_5","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Issue-of-privacy-and-Personal-Data-Protection-Bill-2019.jpg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":1700777564,"cached_date":1704944567},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75833"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75833\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}