{"id":76109,"date":"2021-01-09T21:00:17","date_gmt":"2021-01-09T15:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=76109"},"modified":"2021-01-11T13:37:37","modified_gmt":"2021-01-11T08:07:37","slug":"9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-january-9-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-january-9-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 9, 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Good evening dear reader<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>GS &#8211; Paper 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW69603103\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW69603103\">Flawed understanding of triple talaq law is leading to its misuse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP BCX9 SCXW69603103\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW166921355\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW166921355\">Issues in wages against housework and alternatives to it<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP BCX9 SCXW166921355\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>GS &#8211; Paper -2<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW162231748\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW162231748\">India\u2019s counter-coercive strategy<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX9 SCXW162231748\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX9 SCXW162231748\">\u00a0against China<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP BCX9 SCXW162231748\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\">Post-C<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\">entral vista verdict<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\">: Need to improve<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\">\u00a0process of developing P<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"TextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\" lang=\"EN-IN\" xml:lang=\"EN-IN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW190417854\">ublic project?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/flawed-understanding-of-triple-talaq-law-is-leading-to-its-misuse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Flawed understanding of triple talaq law is leading to its misuse<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Source<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/triple-talaq-anti-triple-talaq-law-supreme-court-7139081\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The IndianExpress<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Syllabus- GS Paper II (laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.)<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Synopsis<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211; Faulty<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0understanding\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">of the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0triple talaq\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">law i.e.,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act of 2019, as well as the Islamic law on divorce is leading to misuse of the act.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Introduction-\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0In\u00a0the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">2019, a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Supreme Court Bench led by Justice D Y Chandrachud observed that mother-in-law of the second respondent (wife) cannot be accused of the offence of pronouncement of triple talaq under the Act as the offence can only be committed by a Muslim man (husband). It clearly shows that the act is being misunderstood.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Background of the anti-triple talaq law-\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Anti-women divorce\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">customs prevalent in pre-Islamic Arabia<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0had been given a severe blow by the teachings\u00a0of\u00a0 great\u00a0social reformer Prophet Muhammad.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">On the basis that \u201cold habits die hard\u201d, unscrupulous men innovated ways and means to circumvent the Prophet\u2019s noble teachings.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">One of these was the practice of triple talaq \u2014 repeating the word \u201ctalaq\u201d thrice \u2014 which was believed to effect instant dissolution of marriage leaving no room for any reconsideration or reconciliation.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Instead of defeating this innovation, law men of the time called it talaq-ul-bidat\u00a0and declared it to be \u201csinful but effective\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">This concept remained in Muslim societies for centuries across the globe.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">But due to its devastating effects on families and societies, country after country in Asia and Africa gradually abolished by legislation the detestable practice of triple talaq.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Situation in India-<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">India took a much longer time to follow suit. During British rule, courts kept this law alive as\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201c<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">sinful but effective\u201d<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0form of divorce after calling it a concept\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201cbad in theology but good in law.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Pos<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211; Independence, some High Court judges like VR Krishna Iyer of Kerala and Baharul Islam of Assam tried to awaken the custodians of state authority to the need for its abolition.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Finally,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the practice of triple talaq was outlawed in the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Shayara<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Bano case of 2017.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0The\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">anti-triple talaq Act of 2019<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0was the outcome of this judicial reform.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">How provisions of Triple Talaq law are often misunderstood?<\/span><\/b><br \/>\n<span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Misuse of Section 498A<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of the Indian Penal Code (cruelty to a woman by her husband or his relatives) was once acknowledged by the apex court and formalized some measures. But under feminist pressure, the measures were withdrawn. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Anti-triple talaq law together with Section 498A<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0is proving destructive for the families.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">For\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Instance,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0in one triple talaq case in Kerala, a lawyer of a woman<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0included her husband\u2019s mother in the FIR<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0filed against her husband in reference to the said IPC provision.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kerala High Court had refused bail to the accused husband\u2019s mother. The case went to SC where SC highlighted the faulty applications os the act, that <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">There is no specific provision in Section 7(c), or elsewhere in the Act, making Section 438 inapplicable to an offence punishable under the Ac<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Section 7 of the 2019 act is particularly misunderstood.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Many lawyer misbelief that it overrides the general provision for anticipatory bail under Section 438 of the Criminal Procedure Code.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">For example, after enactment of the act, a man accused in the Triple talaq case\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">sought anticipatory bail in the Bombay High Court.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Lawyer argued that the non-obstante clause in Section 7, makes\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">CrPC<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0provision inapplicable.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">However, Court rejected the argument and granted bail to the person.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"12\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">For understanding the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">common-sense<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0fact that this Act is meant to discipline erring husbands only, the learned lawyers needed a learning session with the apex court.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The verdict of SC is a significant step towards preventing the misuse of the anti-triple divorce law.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/issues-in-wages-against-housework-and-alternatives-to-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Issues in wages against housework and alternatives to it<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Source-<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/housewives-income-moeny-patriarchy-arpan-tulsyan-7138881\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\"> The Indian Express<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Syllabus- GS Paper I (Salient features of Indian Society, Role of women and women\u2019s organization)<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Synopsis-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0It is important to recognise the value of unpaid domestic work. However, creating value isn\u2019t always about fair remuneration. A salary to women for domestic work will institutionalise the idea of men as \u2018<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">providers<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Introduction<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211; Recently<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, Kamal Hasan\u2019s party,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Makkal<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Needhi<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Maiam<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, promised salaries to housewives as a part of its electoral campaign in Tamil Nadu. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Shashi Tharoor\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">also said<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0that monetising the services of women homemakers in society will enhance their power and autonomy\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">and will<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0lead to a recognition of the value of unpaid work. He also emphasised on creating near-universal basic income.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Origin of demand for wages against housework-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"13\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">It was first raised at the<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0third National Women\u2019s Liberation conference in Manchester, England<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. The International Wages for Housework Campaign (IWFHC) was formed by Selma James in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1972.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"14\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">In India, the\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">National Housewives Association, in 2010,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0tried to seek recognition as a trade union. But it was rejected on the ground that housework is not a trade or an industry.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"15\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">To empower women financially and help them live with dignity,\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">in 2012,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the government announced that it was considering mandating a salary for housework to wives, from husbands. But it never came to force.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Status of majority of women in their family-<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"16\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Household works require efforts and sacrifices throughout 24\/7, 365 days a year, still they face domestic violence and cruelty due to their economic dependence on others, mainly their husbands.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"17\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">As per the data of the NSSO, only about a quarter of men and boys above six years engaged in unpaid household chores<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0compared to over four-fifths of women.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"18\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Every day, an average Indian male spends 1.5 hours per day in unpaid domestic work, compared to about five hours by a female.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Consequences of the paid domestic work<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Recognising the value of unpaid domestic work is not always about fair remuneration. It may not lead to all positives;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"19\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Men paying for wives\u2019 domestic work could further\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">enhance their sense of entitlement.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> It may also put an additional onus on women to perform.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"20\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Ethically, buying domestic labour from wife will\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">formalize the patriarchal Indian family<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0where the position of\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">men stems from their being \u201cproviders\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">in the relationship.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"21\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Moreover,\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">legal recognition does not always mean protection<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. For instance, despite legal recognition of equal inheritance rights, the majority of women are not receiving that.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">What are the alternatives to wages for housework?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"22\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">First-<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> Dowry can be converted to the policy as it shows some gains received by daughters from the parental property (equal inheritance rights). It would be more effective than salary for household work.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"23\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Second<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211; Rather than creating a new provision of salary for housework, we need to strengthen awareness, implementation, and utilization of other existing provisions like;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Right to reside in the marital home,\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Streedhan\u00a0and\u00a0haq\u00a0mehr,\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Inheritance rights as daughters\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Free legal aid and maintenance in instances of violence and divorce<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"24\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Third- Women should be encouraged to reach their potential through quality education, access and opportunities of work, gender-sensitive and harassment-free workplaces.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"25\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Fourth<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211; Husbands should support wives in their daily housework and should not burden their wives for the work which they can do by themselves.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"26\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Fifth<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211; We should raise our boys to be brothers, sons, husbands, and fathers who would respect the women and will fight for their rights.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Way Forward<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Just as we do not want women to commodify their reproductive services and we banned commercial surrogacy in the country. On similar lines, we should not allow the commodification of housework and personal care.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Once the above-given conditions are assured to the women, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">they will<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0be able to exercise freedom for themselves and will be able to decide whether to work inside or outside of the home.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/indias-counter-coercive-strategy-against-china\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India\u2019s counter-coercive strategy<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0against China<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GTM85D9A8.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Click here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syllabus:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">GS\u00a02<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Synopsis:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India has done quite well in countering Chinese moves in eastern\u00a0Ladakh\u00a0with its coercive strategy.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">There is an opportunity for middle powers like India\u00a0to redefine their position in the world order as decline and rise of Chinese and American powers continue.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alexander L. George, an\u00a0American political scientist, is best known for\u00a0his work on coercive diplomacy.\u00a0The happenings in eastern\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ladakh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0can be understood with reference to\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">four variations<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of coercive diplomacy:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><strong>A gradual turning of the screw.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><strong>A try-and-see.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><strong>A tacit ultimatum.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><strong>A\u00a0full-fledged ultimatum.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How the four variations of coercive diplomacy were used in the border standoff?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">China attempted to alter the existing status quo\u00a0i<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n eastern\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ladakh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, this resembled gradually\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">turning the screw<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and then waiting to see India\u2019s reaction.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India adopted a try and see approach<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0India\u00a0wanted\u00a0to engage in mild forms of coercion that involved the building up of forces to achieve parity on the ground.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"12\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IAF was displaying its capabilities in\u00a0Ladakh\u00a0indicating that India wanted\u00a0PLA to restore the status quo without any threats.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">After India failed to compel the PLA to withdraw by mid-july, it had two options according to\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alexander George\u2019s escalatory ladder:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">First,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0India\u00a0could\u00a0have\u00a0issued\u00a0an indirect or\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">tacit ultimatum<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0that would involve an\u00a0unspoken\u00a0and\u00a0firmly\u00a0controlled tactical action,\u00a0by this means\u00a0signifying\u00a0resolve and intent.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Second,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0it could issue a\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">full-fledged ultimatum<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0followed by multi-dimensional military action that could lead to a limited conflict.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What approach did India took\u00a0to handle china?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At the operational and strategic level<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, the Chinese did not expect the Indian Army and the Indian Air Force to\u00a0mobilise and get\u00a0into their operational roles at high altitude with\u00a0effortlessness.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Indian Army<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0lowered the psychological high ground gained by Chinese by\u00a0occupying key heights\u00a0overlooking Chinese PLA.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At the strategic level<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, India\u2019s political establishment\u00a0did not push the panic button and\u00a0synergised politico-diplomatic-military\u00a0approach\u00a0was adopted.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conclusion\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"7\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">India has militarily recovered well, diplomatically played ruthlessly\u00a0and strategically postured\u00a0skilfully\u00a0in spite of\u00a0the\u00a0restrictions\u00a0of the\u00a0ongoing\u00a0pandemic.\u00a0However,\u00a0it is too early to predict the\u00a0course\u00a0of events;\u00a0it can only be fair to\u00a0say\u00a0that India has done well in countering Chinese coercion in\u00a0Ladakh\u00a0with its own brand of counter-coercion.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/post-central-vista-verdict-need-to-improve-process-of-developing-public-project\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Post-C<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">entral vista verdict<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">: Need to improve<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0process of developing P<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">ublic project?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Source:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GTM85D9A4.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">click here<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Syllabus:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">GS 2- Governance<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Synopsis:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The issue of Central Vista Project has reiterated the need for holistic solutions for the issues in process of the redevelopment projects.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Introduction<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The majority ruling decided that the government had followed all processes as required by the regulations and could go ahead with the construction.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">However, it is only the one instance, which is visible, the problem of redevelopment project is much bigger. For instance, Amaravati project as the proposed capital for Andhra Pradesh.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">In this project firstly land was acquired through controversial methods and later on the project was abandoned, creating problems for farmers.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Thus, thoughtful solutions to the issues, is required that can be common for all such projects<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">What are the areas require improvement?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Public participation and architectural services procurement\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">are the 2 of several areas that are in urgent need of improvement;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The issue of public Participation<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Horizontal accountability<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0ensures check on government, by creating connected state organisations such as heritage committees and environmental regulators.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Vertical accountability requires citizen oversight.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Citizens are asking for improved participatory process.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Government argues that horizontal accountability is in the place. Provisions for consultation although are not absent, but the process of consultation is vague.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Judgment in central Vista is also not clear on the matter of public participation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Development of Land Acquisition act provides a few lessons that has spelt out consent required from a minimum number of landowners.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Process<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">of\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">architectural services procurement<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Process of choosing a\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">designer for a public project\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">need improvement\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">as there is lack of evaluation criteria and standards for design.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Also,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0weightage is given to lower fee instead of better designs.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"2\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The architecture firms face entry barriers<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0as their expertise is judged on the basis of their company\u2019s turnover. The unreasonable revenue conditions make it difficult for many firms to qualify and also reduce pool of choice.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">What regulatory changes can be made?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">First,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">for<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0improving consultation,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">regulations\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">and process\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">have to clearly state what prior\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">disclosure<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">s are required<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0when meetings have to be held and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">reasons<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0for accepting and declining suggestions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0should be listed properly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Second,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the government adopted the Quality and cost based selection (QCBS) for choosing designers. This method specifies requirements for consultants, places higher weightage on their technical capability and lower weightage on financial proposals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Third<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, in order to reduce the entry barrier<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0one can consider the suggestions made by the Architects\u2019 Council of Europe. It suggests dropping turnover requirements and emphasized on qualitative selection criteria.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"3\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Weightage given to design value has to be clear and fixed as more than 65% of the registered architects in India are below 35 years and many firms are medium-sized, such changes are all the more required.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Way forward\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0a7\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Policymakers maintain that developing countries like India have a quite low state capacity. Therefore, higher standards set in the matured economy and continued by governments with higher capacity cannot be suddenly implanted.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:200,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"4\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The dominant argument is that practices will improve as economic growth happens and as the country builds capabilities. However, this incremental approach to be moderated.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"qyfASVszNH\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-jan-092021\/\">Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | Jan 09,2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | Jan 09,2021&#8221; &#8212; Free UPSC IAS Preparation For Aspirants\" src=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-jan-092021\/embed\/#?secret=k1qQ6wBwfC#?secret=qyfASVszNH\" data-secret=\"qyfASVszNH\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today GS &#8211; Paper 1 Flawed understanding of triple talaq law is leading to its misuse\u00a0 Issues in wages against housework and alternatives to it\u00a0 GS &#8211; Paper -2 India\u2019s counter-coercive strategy\u00a0against China\u00a0 Post-Central vista verdict: Need to improve\u00a0process of developing Public&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-january-9-2021\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 January 9, 2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":75337,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/website-banners-9-PM-DAILY-BRIEF-2.jpg?fit=1200%2C628&ssl=1","views":{"total":0,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1704942271},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76109"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76109\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}