Topic 1: Art & Culture – Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times<\/strong><\/p>\n Key concepts:<\/strong> Architecture \u2013 Forts \u2013 Palaces \u2013 Temple Architecture \u2013 Nagara \u2013 Vesara \u2013 Dravida – Caves \u2013 Ajanta \u2013 Ellora \u2013 Elephanta \u2013 Cave Paintings \u2013 Mosques \u2013 Arches \u2013 Domes – Public Buildings \u2013 Charles Corbusier – Sculptor \u2013 Indus Valley Civilization \u2013 Pashupati \u2013 Nataraja \u2013 Tandava – Ashokan \u2013 Buddhist – Pillars & Stupa \u2013 Indo-Greek \u2013 Mathura \u2013 Gandhara \u2013 Amravati \u2013 Gupta Period Sculptor \u2013 Delhi Sultanate – Evolution of Coinage \u2013 Gupta numismatic art – Gupta Sculptor in South Indian Temples & Caves \u2013 Mahabalipuram \u2013 Chola Temples \u2013 Paintings \u2013 Pre-historic paintings \u2013 Petroglyphs \u2013 Mesolithic Paintings \u2013 Chalcolithic Paintings \u2013 Pottery Paintings in Indus Valley Civilization \u2013 Vedic Age \u2013 Indo Greeks Period \u2013 Mural Paintings \u2013 Ajanta Ellora \u2013 Haathi Gumpha \u2013 Medieval Period Paintings \u2013 Miniature Paintings \u2013 Palas \u2013 Arabesque \u2013 Regional Schools of Painting \u2013 Maithili \u2013 Manjusha \u2013 Kalamkari \u2013 Kalighat \u2013 Phad \u2013 Worli \u2013 Batik \u2013 Tanjavur \u2013 Mysore Paintings – Mughal Paintings \u2013 Portrait \u2013 Miniature \u2013 Narrative Paintings \u2013 Rajput School \u2013 Pahari School \u2013 Indian Renaissance – Company School of Paintings \u2013 Bengal Renaissance \u2013 Nationalist School of Paintings \u2013 Raja Ravi Verma \u2013 Qubic Style \u2013 M F Hussain \u2013 Modern Art \u2013 Performing Arts \u2013 Dance \u2013 Classical \u2013 Folk \u2013 Martial Arts – Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Sattriya, Manipuri, Mohiniyattam \u2013 Music \u2013 Hindustani \u2013 Carnatic \u2013 Gharana Tradition \u2013 Lucknow \u2013 Gwalior \u2013 Darbhanga \u2013 Kirana \u2013 Instruments \u2013 String Based \u2013 Wind Instruments \u2013 Drum – Dholak \u2013 Mridang \u2013 Veena \u2013 Tabla \u2013 Santoor – Theatre \u2013 National School of Drama \u2013 Yakshgan \u2013 Nautanki \u2013 Rasleela \u2013 Bhand \u2013 Pather \u2013 Jatra – Puppetry \u2013 Gloves \u2013 Rod \u2013 String \u2013 Shadow Puppetry – Literature \u2013 Vedic Literature \u2013 Sangam Literature \u2013 Bhakti Literature – Early & Later \u2013 Buddhist Lit. \u2013 Jain Lit. Accounts of Travelers \u2013 Chinese – Fa-Hein \u2013 Megasthenes \u2013 Hein Tsang – Continuity of Indian Culture \u2013 Sangam Era \u2013 Arab Travelers \u2013 Al-Beruni \u2013 Ibn Battuta \u2013 Minhaz Siraj \u2013 Court Historians \u2013 Navratnas \u2013 Tansen \u2013 Amir Khusro \u2013 Abul Fazl \u2013 Abdul Badayuni \u2013 European Travelers \u2013 Francis Bernier – Vasco De Gama \u2013 Marco Polo \u2013 Nicolo Conti \u2013 Abdul Razzaq \u2013 Barbosa \u2013 Father Monserrat \u2013 Ralphfich \u2013 Captain Hawkins \u2013 Schools of Philosophy \u2013 Astika \u2013 Nastika \u2013 Charvaka \u2013 Jain \u2013 Buddha \u2013 Samkhya \u2013 Ajivikas \u2013 Mimamsa \u2013 Vedanta \u2013 Nayaya \u2013 Yoga \u2013 Samkhya \u2013 Vaisheshika \u2013 Advait \u2013 Shankaracharya \u2013 Bhakti Philosophy \u2013 Medieval Times \u2013 Kabir \u2013 Guru Nanak \u2013 \u201cVasudhaiv Kutumbakam\u201d \u2013 Architecture of Modern Cities \u2013 Chandigarh \u2013 Le Corbusier \u2013 Lessons in Planning from Ancient India.<\/p>\n Topic 2: Modern History: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. The Freedom Struggle \u2014 its various stages and important contributors\/contributions from different parts of the country.<\/strong><\/p>\n Modern History<\/strong>: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until 1905: Advent of Europeans \u2013 Portuguese \u2013 Contribution \u2013 Causes of FailureFrench \u2013 Carnatic Wars \u2013 Why they failed against the British? – Battle of Panipat \u2013 British and Native States \u2013 Battle of Plassey \u2013 Buxar \u2013 Anglo \u2013 Marathas \u2013 Anglo \u2013 Punjab \u2013 Sindh Conquest – Establishment of British rule in India – British policies and its impact \u2013 Land Revenue System \u2013 Permanent Settlement \u2013 Mahalwari \u2013 Ryotwari \u2013 Commercialization of Agriculture \u2013 Development of Civil Services \u2013 Police \u2013 Education \u2013 Press \u2013 Famine Commissions – De-industrialization \u2013 Railways \u2013 Local Self Government \u2013 Constitutional Developments \u2013 Regulating Act 1773,1784 \u2013 Charter Acts \u2013 Government of India Act 1858,1909,1919,1935 \u2013 Indian Councils Act 1861,1892 – Religious and social reform movements and their impact \u2013 Growth of art, literature and modern press in India \u2013 Major Social reforms – Indian Renaissance – Raja Ram Mohan Roy \u2013 Ishvar Chandra Vidyasagar – Caste movements in south India & Maharashtra – Reforms of Cornwallis, Wellesley, Hasting, William Bentick, Dalhousie – Revolt of 1857 , causes and consequences \u2013 Rise of Indian Nationalism \u2013 Drain Theory \u2013 Early political movements and Indian National Congress \u2013 Moderates \u2013 Extremists – Role of Lytton, Ripon and Curzon – Rise of extremism \u2013 Swadeshi and Boycott movement in India \u2013 Split in Congress and rise of revolutionary terrorism – Morley-Minto reforms and formation of Muslim League – Modern Indian history from 1905 until independence: Gandhi in South Africa \u2013 Role of Gandhi in eradication of Indentured slavery system – Return of Mahatma Gandhi – Gandhian Philosophy \u2013 Satyagraha – His ideas on Communalism, Trusteeship, Socialism, Means and Ends \u2013 Relevance of Gandhian ideas in present times \u2013 Gandhi vs Nehru, Gandhi vs Tagore, Gandhi vs Ambedkar, Gandhi vs Subhash \u2013 Role of Women in Gandhian movements \u2013Why Gandhi was successful – Champaran, Ahmedabad and Kheda Movement \u2013 Gadhar Movement \u2013 Home rule movement and its impact \u2013 Role of Foreigners in National Movement \u2013Influence of foreign events on Indian National movement – Non-cooperation movement and Khilafat movement \u2013 Gandhi vs Jinnah on Khilafat Issue – Montague Chelmsford reforms 1919 \u2013 Swarajists \u2013 Rise of Left \u2013 Congress Socialist Party \u2013 Communists \u2013 JLN, Subhash Bose influence \u2013 Peasant movements in India – Rise of communalism and its dangerous effects – Simon Commission \u2013 Lahore Congress, from Swaraj to complete independence \u2013 Civil disobedience movement \u2013 Round table conferences \u2013 Poona Pact \u2013 Constitutional development, Government of India Act 1935 – 28-month congress rule \u2013 National movement during world war \u2013 Individual Satyagraha \u2013 August Offer \u2013 Cripps Proposal – Quit India Movement \u2013 Wavell Plan \u2013 Rajaji\u2019s Formula \u2013 INA Trials \u2013 RIN Mutiny – National upsurge after second world war \u2013 Tebhaga Movement – Formation of Interim government \u2013 Constituent Assembly – Wavell Breakdown Plan \u2013 Mountbatten Plan \u2013 Menon Plan \u2013 Independence of India Act,1947 \u2013 Partition and Communal Violence.<\/p>\n Topic 3: Post-Independence: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization <\/strong>within the country.<\/strong><\/p>\n Post-Independence India<\/strong>: Keywords: Challenges before Indian Democracy – Impact and Legacy of Colonial Rule – Integration of Princely States – Linguistic State Formation and Issue of National and Official Language – Integration of Tribal \u2013 North Eastern \u2013 Challenges – Regionalism and Regional Inequality – Tribal Panchsheel – Land and Agriculture reforms – Zamindari Abolition – Tenancy Reforms (Operation Barga) – Land Ceilings; The Bhoodan Movement & Gramdan Movement \u2013 Recent land reforms – Green Revolution & Green Revolution – Foreign Policy, NAM and Relations with countries – International role – Indo China war \u2013 Indira Gandhi: Inner party struggle and congress split, Bangladesh Challenge, 1971 and Indo- Pak War – Shimla Agreement,1972 \u2013 Emergency: cause and consequences – Separatist movement: Kashmir, Punjab, North East – Women movements \u2013 Environmental movements in Post-Independence \u2013 Dalit Politics \u2013 Development of Science \u2013 New Farmer Movement<\/p>\n Topic 4: World History: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.\u2014 their forms and effect on the society.<\/strong><\/p>\n World History:<\/strong> Events from 18th century till world war I: Keywords: Renaissance \u2013 Age of Enlightenment – Industrial Revolution \u2013 Causes & Consequences \u2013 IR in Britain, Japan, Russia, India – Impact on India – Emergence of new ideologies like capitalism, communism, socialism – American revolution and civil war \u2013 American Constitution – British Mercantilism – French revolution – Rise and fall of Napoleon – Vienna Congress – Rise of Nation states \u2013 Rise of Socialism \u2013 Communism \u2013 1st International \u2013 2nd International \u2013 Workers Movement – unification of Germany and Italy – Balkan Wars – Imperialism and colonization- World warcause and consequence, Treaty of Versailles – League of Nations – Russian revolution, cause and consequence – Lenin\u2019s New Economic Policy \u2013 Stalin’s Economic policies \u2013 Great Depression and the New Deal Events from world war I and onwards: Keywords<\/strong>: Rise of Nazism and Hitler in Germany \u2013 Role of Hitler in WWII \u2013 Policy of appeasement – Rise of Fascism in Italy – Japanese imperialism – Chinese revolution \u2013 Spanish Revolution – World war II- cause and consequences – Decolonization and achievement of freedom by nations (from 18th century onwards) – West Africa \u2013 Indonesia \u2013 Apartheid \u2013 Malay Peninsula – Cold war and bipolar world \u2013 Cuban Missile Crisis – Afro-Asian unity and Non- alignment – Arab Nationalism – Palestine and Israel-Arab conflict – fall of USSR \u2013 Gorbachev\u2019s policies – Fall of Berlin Wall – Gulf wars – Iranian revolution – Afghan Invasion \u2013 European Union \u2013 Formation and new challenges.<\/p>\n Topic 5: Indian Society: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India. Role of women and women\u2019s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies. Effects of globalization on Indian society. Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.<\/strong><\/p>\n Key Concepts<\/strong>: Salient Features of Indian Society \u2013 Issues related to: Religion, communalism and secularism – Family – Caste system and caste based discrimination – Marriage and divorce – Print, digital and social media – Education – Women and gender based discrimination \u2013 Children – Senior citizen \u2013 Disabled \u2013 Youth- Urban Population and Rural population – Tribal – Impact of globalization on all social groups \u2013 Regionalism – Pluralism and Diversity of language, culture, food, institutions etc. – Women empowerment: social reforms, women organizations and SHGs \u2013 Population: age structure, literacy, sex ratio \u2013 Poverty and poverty line – Inequalities and exclusions – Social cause of poverty \u2013 Poverty alleviation initiatives.<\/p>\n Topic 6: Physical Geography: Salient features of world\u2019s physical geography.<\/strong> Geomorphology<\/strong>: Interior of the earth – Continental drift theory – Plate tectonic theory – Landform development in karst regions, arid region, glacial region – Landforms development due to fluvial, Aeolian and glacial action – Endogenic and Exogenic forces – Formation of fold mountains and island arcs – Volcanism and related landforms – Earthquakes and tsunami. Cryosphere. Oceanography: Temperature and salinity of the oceans – Ocean currents – Waves and tides – Coral reefs and coral bleaching – EL NINO and ENSO – Sea level change – Ocean acidification \u2013 Mineral Reserves \u2013 Deep Sea Mining – Challenges Climatology: Composition and structure of atmosphere – Temperature and pressure belts of the world – Atmospheric circulation- Planetary and local winds – Monsoon and jet streams – Air masses and air front – Tropical cyclones – Temperate cyclones – Heat budget – Climate change – Urban climate \u2013 Ozone Depletion Biogeography: Soils: types and locations; Major biomes of the world: tropical rainforest, Topic 7: Human and Economic Geography: Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).<\/strong><\/p>\n Human and Economic Geography: Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent): Minerals: Iron, Aluminum, Manganese, Lead, Zinc, Copper, Uranium, Rare earth metals \u2013 Energy resources: Coal, Oil and natural Gas \u2013 non-conventional energy resources: Coal bed methane, Shale gas etc. – Renewable Energy resources: Solar energy, wind energy, geothermal etc. Factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India): Iron and steel, Automobile, Cotton, Fertilizer, Pharmaceuticals etc. Indian Agriculture. Population and settlement geography: growth, distribution and demographic attributes – demographic dividend- Urbanization, Migration \u2013 problems in urban and rural areas \u2013 Slums – Urban sprawl \u2013 Urban Infrastructure-Industrial Corridors. Geopolitics. Space.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Indian Heritage & Culture, History and Geography of the world and Society Topic 1: Art & Culture – Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times Key concepts: Architecture \u2013 Forts \u2013 Palaces \u2013 Temple Architecture \u2013 Nagara \u2013 Vesara \u2013 Dravida – Caves \u2013 Ajanta \u2013 Ellora \u2013 Elephanta… Continue reading General Studies Paper 1 – Keywords<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10310,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","views":{"total":27,"cached_at":"","cached_date":1698475031},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10310"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92676"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92676\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nTopic 8: Geophysical Phenomena: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.<\/strong><\/p>\n
\ntemperate forests, Savanah grasslands, temperate grasslands, Desert biome, Monsoon and Mediterranean biome – Wetlands- Mangrove vegetation. Contemporary issues.<\/p>\n