{"id":99166,"date":"2021-04-01T21:00:18","date_gmt":"2021-04-01T15:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.forumias.com\/?p=99166"},"modified":"2021-04-02T11:33:05","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T06:03:05","slug":"9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-april-1-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-april-1-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 April 1, 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader<\/p>\n<p>Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-box-blue\">\r\n<p><strong>About 9 PM Brief<\/strong>- With the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">9 PM Daily Current affairs for UPSC brief we intend<\/span> to simplify the newspaper reading experience. In 9PM briefs, we provide our reader with a summary of all the important articles and editorials from three important newspapers namely The Hindu, Indian Express, and Livemint. This will provide you with analysis, broad coverage, and factual information from a Mains examination point of view.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>About Factly<\/strong>- The Factly initiative covers all the daily news articles regarding Preliminary examination. This will be provided at the end of the 9 PM Brief.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dear Aspirants,<\/p>\r\n<p>We know for a fact that learning without evaluation is a wasted effort. Therefore, we request you to please go through both our initiatives i.e 9PM Briefs and Factly, then evaluate yourself through the 10PM Current Affairs Quiz.<\/p>\r\n<p>We plan to integrate all our free daily initiatives to comprehensively support your success journey.<br \/><strong>Happy Learning!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/medical-termination-of-pregnancy-bill-2020-associated-issues\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medical Termination of Pregnancy Bill, 2020 &#8211; Associated Issues<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Source- <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/opinion\/columns\/medical-termination-of-pregnancy-bill-india-women-reproductive-sexual-rights-7253371\/\">The Indian Express<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Syllabus- GS 2 &#8211; <\/strong>Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Synopsis &#8211; <\/strong>The Medical Termination of Pregnancy MTP (Amendment) Bill 2020 Continues to ignore Pregnant person\u2019s rights.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Introduction-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Recently, The Medical Termination of Pregnancy MTP (Amendment) Bill 2020 passed in the upper house by voice vote.<\/li>\n<li>The bill seeks to amend the MTP Act, 1971. It provides for enhancing the upper gestation limit from 20 to 24 weeks for special categories of women but does not specify the category.<\/li>\n<li>Although the MTP Amendment Bill does expand the gestational cap in some cases, it falls well short of becoming rights-based legislation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/medical-termination-of-pregnancy-amendment-bill-2020-explained\/\"><strong>Medical termination of pregnancy bill 2020 &#8211; explained<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Objections raised in the Upper House<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lack of consultation with stakeholders.<\/li>\n<li>Lack of inclusion of transgender people within the MTP framework.<\/li>\n<li>Moreover, there is a lack of emphasis on women\u2019s autonomy in pregnancy.<\/li>\n<li>Medical boards would be a breach of privacy. It would cause excessive delays in access to abortion due to a shortage of specialists.<\/li>\n<li>The time limit for decision-making by the medical board is missing. Moreover, the women&#8217;s representation is unclear.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Issues in the proposed Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2020<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Lack of consultation<\/strong> with civil society and grassroots organizations.\u00a0This is an example of drafting and enacting laws without consultation with the people who are most affected. The Recent Farm Bill, 2020 is a prime example of this.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The provision still restricts abortion to a heteronormative framework.<\/strong> Only cisgender women are considered in it, and not persons with other gender identities.\n<ol>\n<li>Under the heteronormative framework, it is a belief that there are only 2 two sexual orientations and genders i.e. male and female.<\/li>\n<li>Cisgender is the person, who identifies herself with the sex at the time of birth. The person who undergoes gender change is not a cisgender.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Issues with setting up of Medical Boards &#8211;<\/strong> The MPT bill mandates the setup of a Medical Board in every state. The Medical Boards require giving opinions based on the facts regarding the termination of pregnancies.\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>This could cause severe delays in the abortion process.<\/li>\n<li>Pregnant women living in rural areas in large parts of the country could find these Medical Boards inaccessible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The bill retains the hetero-patriarchal population control legacy.<\/strong> The bill continues with the lack of control to the women, of their reproductive and sexual rights.\u00a0Abortion will be subject to doctor approval. This is in direct contrast with the Supreme Court&#8217;s precedent on reproductive autonomy and bodily integrity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Bill&#8217;s provisions continue to criminalize abortion<\/strong>. It will promote negative stereotypes and stigma surrounding reproduction, sexuality, and motherhood.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><strong>Way forward<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Before drafting or enacting legislation, the government must ensure the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Consultation with all stakeholders<\/strong> \u2013 Consultations and deliberations with members from civil society and grassroots organizations should be held by the government since they all have an interest in the implementation of such laws based on their personal experiences.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Women can be responsible for their own choices- <\/strong>The decision to terminate a pregnancy should be granted to the woman, not to doctors or any medical board.\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>The paternalistic notion that women need assistance in making decisions about their sexual and reproductive rights needs to change<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/afghan-peace-process-and-indias-stake-in-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Afghan Peace Process and India&#8217;s stake in it<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GGQ8EDQH2.1&amp;imageview=0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Hindu<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Syllabus: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GS-2: India and Neighbourhood relations<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Synopsis: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India should actively involve in the Afghan Peace Process and use its influence to guarantee peace in Afghanistan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s position in the Afghan Peace process has evolved over the years. There is a subtle shift in New Delhi\u2019s approach towards the Afghan crisis. For example,<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the 1990s and 2000s, India constantly opposed any dealings with the Taliban.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2018 during the time when Russia hosted Afghan and Taliban talks, India had sent a diplomatic delegation to Moscow.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/foreign-minister-attends-heart-of-asia-ministerial-conference\/\">9th Heart of Asia Conference<\/a> in Tajikistan, the External Affairs Minister said that India supports talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>How the countries participating in the Afghan peace process?<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Firstly<\/strong>, the new Afghan <strong>peace process<\/strong> <b>by the Joe Biden administration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the US includes two important proposals:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establishment of a <strong>single transition government<\/strong> between the warring parties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UN-led multilateral conference of ambassadors from India, China, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, and the US. India has supported this UN-led process.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Secondly, the U.S. has signed a deal with the Taliban<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Under this, the American troops are scheduled to pull back from Afghanistan by May 1.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Thirdly, the <\/b><\/span><b>Participation of Other countries in Afghan peace process:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> China<\/strong> had communicated with the Taliban<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> long ago. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Russia<\/strong> has hosted several rounds of talks with the Taliban. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>European powers<\/strong> have also shown interest in funding talks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Fourthly, <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>the participation of India:<\/strong> The inaugural session of Intra-Afghan peace talks occurred in Doha in September 2020. The External<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Affairs Minister was present at the inaugural session. This is in conformity with the long-held Indian position on the Afghan peace process. That is, a<strong>ny peace process should be Afghan-led, Afghan-owned, and Afghan-controlled.<\/strong><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Why India needs to improve its participation in the Afghan peace process?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s economic, strategic and security ties could be disturbed if the Taliban takes over. Recently, India has improved its relations with Afghanistan in the following ways.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India has built deep ties with the Afghan people and the government by investing in multiple projects. These projects deal with education, power generation, irrigation, and other infrastructure development, etc.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>India has sent Afghanistan its first batch of vaccines <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in February. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, India had signed an agreement to build the <strong>Shahtoot dam near Kabul<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, <b>India has to be more flexible and adapt to the new strategic reality.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Suggestions to improve India&#8217;s participation:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India needs to figure out how to help Afghanistan to end the violence without total submission of power to the Taliban.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India joining the peace process could strengthen the hands of the Afghan government. As the government is negotiating from a position of weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apart from that, India should use its regional influence to deepen ties with both the U.S. and Russia to achieve double peace. (Both inside Afghanistan and in the region.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-new-epf-tax-rules-should-be-re-examined\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The New EPF Tax Rules Should be Re-examined<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GGQ8EDQGK.1&amp;imageview=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hindu<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Syllabus<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: GS 2 &#8211; Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Synopsis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A limit on tax-free income under <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/budget-proposes-tax-on-epf-interest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPF(Employees Provident Fund) contributions<\/a><\/strong> is under the proposal. The intended objective is to prevent abuse of process by HNIs (High net individuals), however, there are some concerns that demand re-examination.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Background<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before the budget announcement, the EPF contributions were taxable beyond the permissible tax-free limit (1.5 lakh per annum) under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, there was<\/span><b> no tax on interest income<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> earned on such contributions except in the case of premature withdrawals (before 5 years).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>What changes have been made<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The finance bill 2021 was passed with 127 amendments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This included a proposal to tax the interest earned on EPF contributions beyond Rs. 2.5 lakh rupees.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The limit is 5 lakh in cases where employers do not make contributions to the provident fund.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Rationale behind the proposal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It intends to prevent abuse of process by HNIs who was getting the benefit of tax exemption at all stages \u2014 contribution, interest accumulation, and withdrawal.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Example:<\/strong> More than 20 accounts in EPF hold a balance of around 800 crores which is completely tax-free.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, the move will not harm other contributors as 90% of them contribute less than 2.5 lakh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Concerns with new EPF rules<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Complexity <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Earlier the process was simple and easy to understand. But now the taxation of interest makes it difficult to ascertain the retirement amount.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is also unclear if the interest on such excess contributions is to be taxed once during the year of contribution or throughout the term of investment in EPF.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mechanism of tax communication from the EPFO to the member also remains uncertain.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Double Taxation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Contribution above 1.5 lakh is already taxable under the Income Tax act. Taxing interest over 2.5 lakh contribution can lead to double taxation.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Regressive View:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The government is treating more investment by the rich as a regressive move that would do only evil.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A greater contribution is helpful considering the medical cost, inflation, volatile interest rate cycles, and minimal choices for post-retirement investments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, corporates earn from a mix of government securities and market instruments. The government gives them no subsidy towards EPF.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Ignore the safety potential<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The new rules ignore the safety of investment under EPF. It is the government backing that induces greater investment rather than a desire to abuse the tax concessions under the instrument.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Way Forward<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reconsideration of tax proposals is desired so that EPF remains the primary retirement saving instrument for people owing to its attractive nature and not by compulsion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further systems at EPFO will require changes as taxation of the annual interest rate is a new concept for the organization.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>EPF (Employees Provident Fund<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EPF is a social security scheme under the Employees\u2019 Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act,1952<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Managed by<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The scheme is managed under the aegis of Employees\u2019 Provident Fund Organization (EPFO).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Coverage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: EPF accounts are mandatory for employees earning up to \u20b915,000 a month in firms with over 20 workers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Contribution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Under the scheme, an employee has to pay a 12% contribution towards the scheme. An equal contribution is paid by the employer. The employee gets a lump sum amount including self and employer\u2019s contribution with interest on retirement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The employees can transfer contributions from one employer to another with the support of the Universal Account Regime. Withdrawal is possible only after permanent cessation of employment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/critical-analysis-of-15th-finance-commission-recommendations-for-local-bodies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Critical Analysis of 15th Finance Commission Recommendations for Local Bodies<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GGQ8EDQH4.1&amp;imageview=0\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Gs2: Devolution of Powers and Finances up to Local Levels and Challenges Therein.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Synopsis: <\/strong>Critical analysis of the recommendation of the 15<sup>th<\/sup> Finance Commission on grants to the local bodies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Background<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The primary task of the Union <strong>Finance Commission (FC)<\/strong> is to rectify the vertical and horizontal imbalances between the Union, the States, and the Local bodies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part IX<\/strong> and <strong>Part IX-A<\/strong> of the Constitution mandate the FC to supplement the resources of panchayats and municipalities. It should be on the basis of the recommendations of the <strong>State Finance Commission.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Local governance in India consists of nearly 2.5 lakh local governments and over 3.4 million elected representatives.<\/li>\n<li>The significance of Local governments was highlighted during the Pandemic. The <strong>Gram Sabha<\/strong> and other participatory institutions were instrumental in containing the crisis and delivering social protection in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What were the lacunas in the recommendation of 15<sup>th<\/sup> FC for the local government? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While there are some critical lacunae, it has several positive features too,<\/p>\n<p><strong>Positives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>First<\/strong>, the <strong>Grants to local bodies<\/strong> is high compared to the previous Finance<strong> Commission.<\/strong> <strong>For example<\/strong>, Finance Commission has granted Rs 4,36,361 crore from the central divisive tax pool to local governments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Second, <\/strong>it will strengthen <strong>cooperative federalism<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong>Out of the total grants earmarked for Panchayati raj institutions, 60 percent is earmarked for national priorities. (drinking water, rainwater harvesting, sanitation, etc.,)<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Concerns:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>First, <\/strong>the 15<sup>th<\/sup> FC has failed to provide <strong>Performance-based grants<\/strong> for the Panchayati raj. While only 8000 crores (for incubation of new cities) has been allocated to Urban local bodies.\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>The performance-linked grants were thoughtfully introduced by the 13<sup>th<\/sup> Finance Commission.<\/li>\n<li>It earmarked 35% of local grants specifying six conditions for panchayats and nine for urban local governments. <strong>For example<\/strong>, the establishment of an independent ombudsman, notifying standards for service sectors such as drinking water and solid waste management, etc.,<\/li>\n<li>Performance-linked conditionality is vital for improving the quality of decentralised governance, especially in underperforming local bodies.<\/li>\n<li>By neglecting the Performance-based grants, 15<sup>th<\/sup> FC has failed to acknowledge the transformative potential in it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Second<\/strong>, there are no entry-level criteria specified for <strong>Gram Panchayats<\/strong> to avail grants.\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Whereas, the <strong>14<sup>th<\/sup> FC<\/strong>, has recommended measures to standardize the accounting system and update the auditing of accounts.<\/li>\n<li>Without reliable data on Financial performance, it will be difficult to ensure Good governance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Third, <\/strong>the 15<sup>th<\/sup> FC has missed the opportunity to <strong>\u2018restructure the public finance<\/strong>\u2019 for greater <strong>fiscal decentralisation<\/strong> in providing basic services. It will ensure comparable minimum public services to every citizen irrespective of her choice of residential location.\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>11<sup>th<\/sup> and 12<sup>th<\/sup> schedules <\/strong>demand better public services and delivery of \u2018economic development and social justice at the local level.<\/li>\n<li>To fulfill this mandate we need <strong>fiscal decentralization. <\/strong>Public finance is an integrated whole and there needs to be an integrated, local government-centric approach as envisioned in the <strong>Alma-Ata declaration<\/strong> of the World Health Organization<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fourth, <\/strong>the 15<sup>th<\/sup> FC has used the criteria of the population (2011 Census) with 90% weightage and area 10% weightage for determining grant to local governments. However, it ignores <strong>equity and efficiency criteria.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We need to fiscally empower local governments to deliver territorial equity and to empower local people.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 class=\"note1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-nct-of-delhi-act-2021-enhances-cooperative-federalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The NCT of Delhi Act, 2021 Enhances Cooperative Federalism<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/Home\/ShareArticle?OrgId=GGQ8EDQH8.1&amp;imageview=0\">The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Gs2: Issues and Challenges Pertaining to the Federal Structure<\/p>\n<p><strong>Synopsis: <\/strong>The accusation made on the Government regarding the passage of the Government of the NCT (National Capital Territory) of the Delhi Act is groundless<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Background of the NCT of Delhi Bill<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Last week, both Houses of Parliament voted in favor of the amendments to the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/the-government-of-nct-of-delhi-amendment-bill-2021-explained-pointwise\/\">Government of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi Act<\/a>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Many criticized the passage of the bill that the government is undermining the federal structure of the country. Some have equated the passage of the bill as the<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/nct-of-delhi-amendment-bill-2021-is-against-the-principle-of-federalism\/\"> death of democracy and Federalism<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>But the government mentioned the Bill as a necessary change vital for the following things,\n<ul>\n<li>Ensuring clear-cut roles and responsibilities.<\/li>\n<li>To remove ambiguities in the governance of the NCT of Delhi<\/li>\n<li>To facilitate a clear chain of command among stakeholders<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Why the accusation against the NCT of Delhi Bill is groundless?<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>The<a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/nct-of-delhi-amendment-bill-is-against-the-spirit-of-federalism\/\"> Evolution of The GNCT of Delhi bill<\/a> has to be examined carefully to understand the issues against the accusations of the GNCT bill.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>First, <\/strong>the aim of the amendments was to clear the ambiguities in the roles of various stakeholders. Since various court judgments have observed the ambiguities and lack of clarity. The government through the recent amendment brought consistency in the definition of the term \u201cGovernment\u201d.\n<ol>\n<li>The amendment clearly stated that the term &#8216;government&#8217; refers to the Lieutenant Governor. By doing this, the government has only formalised the definition of a term that the <strong>Delhi Assembly itself had already accepted<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>For example, in 2015 the Legislative Assembly of Delhi passed the <strong>Delhi Netaji Subhas University of Technology Bill. <\/strong>It was sent for the President\u2019s assent.<\/li>\n<li>However, it was returned to the Delhi assembly as it had defined the term \u201cGovernment\u201d as the \u201cGovernment of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.<\/li>\n<li>Later, the Delhi assembly sent a modified version of the Bill for the President\u2019s assent. This time the definition of \u201cgovernment\u201d was described as \u201cLieutenant Governor of NCT Delhi appointed by the President.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Second<\/strong>, the government has proved itself as <strong>a torch-bearer of Federalism. <\/strong>For example, the government provided equal opportunities for States in the following events. Such as,\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>The creation of NITI Aayog,<\/li>\n<li>During the establishment of the Goods and Services Tax Council,<\/li>\n<li>The acceptance of the Fifteenth Finance Commission\u2019s recommendations for greater devolution.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Third, <\/strong>the amendments will ensure that there is no encroachment in legislative matters in the union\u2019s jurisdiction. NCT Delhi has no legislative competence in matters pertaining to the police, public order, and land. However, the current proposals for providing statehood to Delhi Legislative Assembly involve one major risk. That is the encroachment of the Delhi assembly on these subjects.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fourth, <\/strong>Delhi is of unique importance to India. It hosts the Parliament, the seat of the Union Government, Supreme court, Foreign embassies, and other institutions of national importance. In such instances, ensuring the opinion of the Lieutenant Governor can only ensure the smooth functioning of the government.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So, the <a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/mha-introduced-nct-of-delhi-amendment-bill-2021\/\">NCT of Delhi (Amendment) Bill<\/a> balances the proper functioning of the Delhi Assembly and the cooperative federalism in India.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"OApXppJ6Ve\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-1-apr-2021\/\">Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | 1 Apr, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Factly :-News Articles For UPSC Prelims | 1 Apr, 2021&#8221; &#8212; Free UPSC IAS Preparation For Aspirants\" src=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/factly-news-articles-for-upsc-prelims-1-apr-2021\/embed\/#?secret=qrDCtKntYo#?secret=OApXppJ6Ve\" data-secret=\"OApXppJ6Ve\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Good evening dear reader Here is our 9pm current affairs brief for you today Medical Termination of Pregnancy Bill, 2020 &#8211; Associated Issues Source- The Indian Express Syllabus- GS 2 &#8211; Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources. Synopsis &#8211; The Medical Termination of Pregnancy MTP (Amendment)&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/9-pm-daily-current-affairs-brief-april-1-2021\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief \u2013 April 1, 2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":80068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"9pm-brief-template.php","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9-pm-brief","category-public","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/9-PM-Brief-1-e1615452440806.png?fit=600%2C335&ssl=1","views":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99166\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}