Hello everyone, how is your preparation for UPSC IAS Prelims 2016? We hope you are preparing well. Here are the set of solution of science and technology quiz #9. Now cross check your answers and compare your performance with others by commenting your correct and incorrect in comment section.
[Solutions]
Q.1) Consider the following statements about Plasmonics.
1. Plasmonics is the study of electrons of Plasma matter present in the stars like sun.
2. Plasmonics techniques will soon be used in the Bio-sensors technology.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans-[B]
Explanation – Plasmonics is the study of the interaction between electromagnetic field and free electrons present in a metal and it is not study of plasma matter present in the sun. Hence,statement 1 is wrong.
As we know, Free electrons in the metal can be excited by the electric component of light to have collective oscillations. Plasmonics make use of this property only and is the developing field of nano-photonics that holds the promise of molecular-size optical device technology. Its various applications are use in the bio-sensors, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Laser antennas and fibres, Trapping and manipulation of Nanoparticles, controlled drug delivery, cancer therapy and contrast imaging.
Q.2) 3D movies are very famous these days. Consider the following statement(s) related with 3D movies:
1. Modern 3D movies make use of red and blue light instead of Polarized light.
2. 3D glasses make use of polarized filters to enable audience to watch 3D movie.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are incorrect?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans – [A]
Explanation– This link nicely explains how 3D movies work.
Q.3) What does dosimeter measures?
a) It measures level of noises in environment
b) It measures exposure to non-ionizing radiation
c) It measures dosage of medicines in the blood in real time
d) It measures exposure to ionizing radiation.
Ans – [D]
Explanation – A radiation dosimeter is a device that measures exposure to ionizing radiation. It has two main uses: for human radiation protection and for measurement of radiation dose in both medical and industrial processes.
Q.4) What are the after effects of nuclear winter?
1. No oxygen regenration
2. Change in the radiation balance of the earth
3. Change in the heat budget of the earth
4. Disappearance of Monsoon and seasonal rains
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1, 2 and 3 only
c) 2 ,3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans – [D]
Explanation –
Nuclear winter can be seen in places where nuclear bomb is dropped or exploded. Due to the explosion, suspended particles like radioactive debris shoot and spread upto stratosphere and form a covering causing almost complete stopping of the sunlight to reach the earth surface. As a result, photosynthesis process stops and no oxygen is produced after sometime. If large scale fire happens, than a big portion of the oxygen is used up in the combustion and other process like respiration, industrial processes etc causes further decreases in percentage of oxygen in atmosphere. Level of carbon dioxide keeps on increasing as Plants can utilize it. This in turn change the radiation and heat budget of the earth. This change in the budget causes catastrophic changes in the wind circulation and thus, seasonal winds and monsoon may starts weakening and disappearing.
Q.5) Consider the following statements related with ‘Fire Ice’.
1. Fire ice are mainly Methane hydrates
2. Fire ice deposits are found at higher pressure than conventional gas deposits.
3. Its extraction is cheaper than conventional gas deposits.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) None of them
Ans – [A]
Explanation – Methane clathrate also called methane hydrate, hydro-methane, methane ice, fire ice, natural gas hydrate, or gas hydrate, is a solid clathrate compound (more specifically, a clathrate hydrate) in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.
Their Deposits are found at lower pressure than conventional gas deposits, meaning it will require more energy (and money) to pump the gas to where it needs to be transported.
Q.6) Which of the following statement is not true about Astrosat?
a) It is used for observation of the objects of the universe and telecommunication also.
b) It observes universe only through the high energy X ray regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
c) It is India’s first dedicated single wavelength space observatory
d) All of the above
Ans – [D]
Explanation- ASTROSAT is India’s first dedicated multi wavelength space observatory. This scientific satellite mission endeavours for a more detailed understanding of our universe. One of the unique features of ASTROSAT mission is that it enables the simultaneous multi-wavelength observations of various astronomical objects with a single satellite. ASTROSAT will observe universe in the optical, Ultraviolet, low and high energy X-ray regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, whereas most other scientific satellites are capable of observing a narrow range of wavelength band.
The scientific objectives of ASTROSAT mission are:
- To understand high energy processes in binary star systems containing neutron stars and black holes
- Estimate magnetic fields of neutron stars
- Study star birth regions and high energy processes in star systems lying beyond our galaxy
- Detect new briefly bright X-ray sources in the sky
- Perform a limited deep field survey of the Universe in the Ultraviolet region
Q.7) Consider the following statements about solar water heater.
1. It works on the principle of Greenhouse effect
2. Pipes are painted with white colors
3. Copper pipes are used in the solar water heater
Select the correct statement using the codes given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1,2 and 3
Ans – [C]
Explanation – Statement 2 is wrong. Pipes are painted black and not white to enable maximum absorption of sunlight. You can read about working of solar heater here and here.
Q.8) Which among the following has least wavelength?
a) Blue light
b) Green light
c) Red light
d) Yellow light
Ans – [A]
Explanation – VIBGYOR is the arrangement of light rays in the increasing order of wavelength and decreasing order of energy. Blue light has the least wavelength among all these.
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