[Solution] – Wednesday Geography and Environment Quiz #5

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https://forumias.com/portal/wednesday-geography-and-environment-quiz-5/

[Solution]
Q.1) Tides occur in the oceans and seas due to which among the following?

1. Gravitational force of the Sun
2. Gravitational force of the Moon
3. Centrifugal force of the Earth

Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans-[D]
Explanation–  Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth.

An object traveling in a circle behaves as if it is experiencing an outward force. This force is known as the centrifugal force. Water on sea experience this force due to rotation of the earth.

The moon and the sun’s gravity tries to pull at anything on the Earth to bring it closer. But, the Earth is able to hold onto everything except the water. Since the water is always moving, the Earth cannot hold onto it, and the moon is able to pull at it. Each day, there are two high tides and two low tides. The ocean is constantly moving from high tide to low tide, and then back to high tide. There is about 12 hours and 25 minutes between the two high tides.

This gif image beautifully explains tides formation.

To a much smaller extent, tides also occur in large lakes, the atmosphere, and within the solid crust of the earth, acted upon by these same gravitational forces of the moon and sun.

Q.2) With reference to ‘Eco-Sensitive Zones’, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Eco-Sensitive Zones are the areas that are declared under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 .
2. The purpose of the declaration of Eco-Sensitive Zones is to prohibit all kinds of human activities, in those zones except agriculture.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans-[D]
Explanation- As per
http://www.moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/Guidelines%20for%20Eco-Sensitive%20Zone.pdf

Eco sensitive zones are declared under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Eco sensitive zones are area in and around National Park and sanctuaries which are considered as eco fragile zones. There are some activities allowed in these areas like cottage industries, erection of telecom and electricity wires, tourism, hot-air balloons, tourism and so on.

Q.3) Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Geographical Feature       Region
a) Abyssinian Plateau    :   Arabia
b) Atlas Mountains         :   North-Western Africa
c) Guiana Highlands      :   South-Western Africa
d) Okavango Basin          : Patagonia

Ans-[B]
Explanation- Atlas mountain is in NW Africa

Abyssinian plateau is in Ethiopia (in Africa)

Guiana Highland is in South America

Okavango basin/swamp is in Southern part of in Africa.

Q.4) In India, the problem of soil erosion is associated with which of the following?

1. Terrace cultivation
2. Deforestation
3. Tropical climate

Select the correct answer using the code given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans-[B]
Explanation– Terrace cultivation is the method of growing crops on side of hills mountains by planting on graduated terraces built into the slope. The method has been employed effectively to maximize arable land area in variable terrains and to reduce soil erosion and water loss. Thus, with this definition, option a,c and d are eliminated.

Q.5) Which one of the following National Parks has a climate that varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate and arctic?
a) Khangchendzonga National Park
b) Nandadevi National Park
c) Neora Valley National Park
d) Namdapha National Park

And-[D]
Explanation– Namdapha National Park is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot and is located in Arunachal Pradesh in Northeast India. The habitat changes with increasing altitude from tropical moist forests to Montane forests, temperate forests and at the higher elevations, to Alpine meadows and perennial snow. The park has extensive bamboo forests and secondary forests in addition to the primary forests.

Q.6) The seasonal reversal of winds is the typical characteristic of
a) Equatorial climate
b) Mediterranean climate
c) Monsoon climate
d) All of the above climates

Ans-[C]
Explanation– Equatorial climate has no seasonal reversal of wind. Thus, optionA and D are eliminated and Monsoon denotes the climate associated with seasonal reversal in the direction of winds.

Q.7) Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by
a) carbon dioxide and nitrogen
b) carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
c) ozone and carbon dioxide
d) nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide

Ans-[D]

Explanation This is very simple question. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.

Q.8) Variations in the length of daytime and nighttime from season to season are due to
a) the earth’s rotation on its axis
b) the earth’s revolution round the sun in an elliptical manner
c) latitudinal position of the place
d) revolution of the earth on a tilted axis

Ans-[D]

Explanation- This is due to revolution of earth around the sun on it’s tilted axis which causes this variations. Solstices and equinoxes are characteristic phenomenon due to this thing.

Q.9)Consider the following pairs :

             Wetlands                                     Confluence of rivers

1. Harike Wetlands        :           Confluence of Beas and Satluj/Sutlej
2. Keoladeo Ghana National Park : Confluence of Banas and Chambal
3. Kolleru Lake                :           Confluence of Musi and Krishna

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans[A]
Explanation-  Harike wetland is Situated on the confluence of the river Beas and Sutlez at the Ferozepur and Amritsar border.

Kolleru Lake, also called Colair Lake,lake in northeastern Andhra Prades hstate, southern India. It lies between the Godavari and Krishna river deltas near the city of Eluru.

Keoladeo national park is formed by inundation of Gambira and Banganga rivers