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Here we have provided the solutions to our Wednesday Geography and Environment Quiz.
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[Solutions to Geography and Env Quiz]
Q.1) What is the difference between asteroids and comets?
1. Asteroids are small rocky planetoids, while comets are formed of frozen gases held together by rocky and metallic material.
2. Asteroids are found mostly between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, while comets are found mostly between Venus and Mercury.
3. Comets show a perceptible glowing tail, while asteroids do not.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans- b
Explanation-
Asteroids, also called as minor planets or planetoids, are rocky remnants left over from the early formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. They are found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter within the main asteroid belt.
Comets are cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rock and dust. When a comet’s come close to the sun, it heats up and throws dust and gases into a giant glowing head. The dust and gases form a tail that stretches away for millions of kilometers.
Thus statement 2 is wrong and 1 and 3 are right. Therefore ans is option b.
Q.2) Consider the following statements:
1. The axis of the earth’s magnetic field is inclined at 23 ½ degrees to the geographical axis of the earth.
- Earth’s magnetic equator passes through Thumba in South India.
Select the correct statement using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans- b
Explanation-Statement 1 is wrong. Magnetic axis is tilted at 11.5 degree approximate to the geographic axis of the earth.
Earth’s magnetic equator passes through Thiruvananthapuram , Thumba is suburb of it. Statement 2 is thus correct.
Ans is therefore option b
Q.3) Consider the following statements regarding the Sedimentary Rocks.
1. Fossils are usually found in sedimentary rock.
2. Sedimentary rocks typically occur in layers.
Select the correct statement using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans-c
Explanation– Both the statements are correct.
Fossils are found in sedimentary rock. And sedimentary rocks are typically occurring in layers.
Q.4) If it is 10:00 a.m. Indian Standard Time, then what would be the local time at Shillong located at 92oE longitude?
a) 9:22 A.M.
b) 9:38 A.M.
c) 10:22 A.M.
d) 10:38 A.M.
Ans- d
Explanation– IST meridian passes through 82.5 degree .
Differenc between two given longitudes= 9.5 degrees.
As we know 1 degree= 4 minutes, therefore 9.5 degrees= 4 x 9.5= 38 minutes.
Thus, time is 10+38 minutes= 10:38 AM
Q.5) Consider the following features of a climate:
1. It is experienced along the eastern coasts of tropical lands.
2. This region receives steady rainfall due to Trade winds.
3. Rainfall is both orographic as well as convectional due to intense heating.
Select the climatic region which has above mentioned characteristics.
a) The tropical monsoon climate
b) The tropical marine climate
c) Mid Latitude Desert Climate
d) The cool temperate eastern margin
Ans-b
Explanation-It is given in page 124, certificate physical and Human geography by Goh Chen Leong. Tropical marine climate is experienced along the eastern coasts of the tropical lands, receiving steady rainfall from the trade winds all the time. Rainfall is both orographic and convectional due to intense heating.
Tropical monsoon climate wintness onshore wet monsoons in summer and off shore dry seasons in winter. They are best developed in Indian subcontinent, Burma, Thiland, Laos, cambodia, parts of Vietnam and south China and Australia.
Mid latitude desert climate is similar to those of hot deserts. They are cut off from the rain bearing winds as they are located hundreds of miles from sea and are sheltered by high mountains. Summers are very hot and winters are very cold. Winters are severe freezing lakes and rivers and strong cold winds blow all the time.
Cool temperate eastern margin climate or Laurentian climate features both maritime and continental climates. It is cold, dry. Winters are cold and dry and summers are warm and wet. Rain fall throughout the years
Q.6) Consider the following statements regarding the Salinization.
1. Irrigation of land helps in reduction of salinity of soil.
2. It occurs on soil due to improper agricultural practices only.
Select the correct statement using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans- d
Explanation-Salinization is the accumulation of the salts in the soil due to natural reasons or inefficient management practices like over-irrigation of farm land, inefficient water use, poor drainage, allowing water to pond for long periods and allowing seepage from irrigation channels, drains and water storages etc. These salts are detrimental for the crops as water intake is seriously affected.
Irrigation worsens the salinity problem of the soil. In fact, it is the prime cause of it. Statement 1 is thus wrong.
Statement 2 is also wrong as natural reasons are also behind salinization problem. You can read it here
Q.7) Photochemical smog is a resultant of the reaction among
a) CO, and O2 and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight
b) CO, CO2 and NO2 at low temperature
c) high concentration of NO2, O3 and CO in the evening
d) NO2, O3 and Peroxiacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight
Ans- d
Explanation-Photochemical smog forms in presence of sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds like PAN in the atmosphere, which leaves airborne particles and ground-level ozone.
Q.8) Consider the following ecosystems:
1. Taiga
2. Tropical Evergreen
3.Tropical Deciduous
4. Tundra
The correct sequence in decreasing order of the albedo values of these ecosystems is
a) 1, 4, 3 and 2
b) 4, 1, 2 and 3
c) 4, 1, 3 and 2
d) 1, 4, 2 and 3
Ans-c
Explanation-As tundra ecosystem comprise of mainly snow , albedo of it is highest. Albedo of taiga is lower than tundra as it is sub arctic climate and has dense forest, trees grow close together. Their dark color makes theiralbedo low and they absorb solar energy readily, keeping them a bit warmer.
Albedo increases when vegetation with its higher albedo begins to cover soil surface. Thus deciduous has more albedo.
Albedo declines due to increase canopy complexity.
This Ohio state university web page gives ranking of various ecosystem.
Q.9) Match list-I (National Park/Sanctuary) with List-II (State):
List-I List-II
A. Kanger Ghati National Park 1. Chhatisgarh
B. Nagerhole National Park 2. Haryana
C. Kugti Wildlife Sanctuary 3. Himachal Pradesh
D. Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary 4. Karnatka
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
b) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
c) A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
d) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Ans-c
Explanation – Kangherghati national park is in Chattisgarh, Nagarhole National park is in Karnataka, Kugti national park is in HP, Sultanpur bird sanctuary is in Haryana
Q.10) If a tropical rain forest is removed, it does not regenerate quickly as compared to a tropical deciduous forest. This is because
a) the soil of rainforest is deficient in nutrients
b) propagules of the trees in a rain forest have poor viability
c) the rain forest species are slow growing
d) exotic species invade the fertile soil of rain forest
Ans-a
Explanation-Tropical rain forest soil is very poor in nutrient which are required by plants to grow. This is due to acidic nature of soil and incessant rains. Potassium, calcium, magnesium and phospohorous are lost away due to leaching. Thus regeneration is very slow.
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