{"id":5132,"date":"2026-08-22T05:25:43","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T23:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/hindi\/notes\/"},"modified":"2026-08-22T05:25:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T23:55:43","slug":"notes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/hindi\/notes\/","title":{"rendered":"PSIR \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u2014 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 (\u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930)"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Kalam:wght@400;700&family=Noto+Sans+Devanagari:wght@400;600;700&display=swap');\n.ph-wrap{font-family:'Noto Sans Devanagari',sans-serif;color:#1b2430;max-width:980px;margin:0 auto;padding:8px 14px 44px;line-height:1.85;font-size:1.03rem}\n.ph-kicker{font-family:'Kalam',cursive;font-size:1.15rem;color:#b91c1c}\n.ph-wrap h1{font-family:'Kalam',cursive;font-size:2.4rem;line-height:1.25;margin:.2em 0 .4em;color:#131a22}\n.ph-wrap h2{font-family:'Kalam',cursive;font-size:1.45rem;margin:1.8em 0 .6em;padding:8px 14px;border-radius:10px;color:#fff}\nh2.c-ia{background:#1d4ed8}h2.c-ib{background:#047857}h2.c-iia{background:#b45309}h2.c-iib{background:#b91c1c}\n.ph-pt{border:1px solid #e5e0d8;border-radius:12px;background:#fffdf8;margin:12px 0;padding:12px 16px}\n.ph-pt .num{font-family:'Kalam',cursive;font-weight:700;font-size:1.15rem;margin-right:8px}\n.ph-pt .syl{color:#3a4453}\n.ph-tp{margin-top:8px}\n.ph-tp a{display:inline-block;margin:3px 6px 3px 0;padding:4px 12px;border-radius:999px;border:1px solid #c9d6f5;background:#eef3ff;color:#1d4ed8;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600;font-size:.95rem}\n.ph-tp a:hover{background:#dbe6ff}\n.ph-tp span.dot{display:inline-block;margin:3px 6px 3px 0;padding:4px 12px;border-radius:999px;border:1px dashed #b9b2a6;color:#8a8375;font-size:.95rem}\n.ph-legend{color:#6b6455;font-size:.95rem;margin-top:1.5em}\n.ph-stats{display:flex;gap:26px;margin:.8em 0 0;font-family:'Kalam',cursive}\n.ph-stats b{font-size:1.7rem;display:block;line-height:1.1}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"ph-wrap\">\n<div class=\"ph-kicker\">\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u00b7 \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<h1>PSIR \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u2014 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940<\/h1>\n<p>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0920 UPSC \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0935\u0924\u094d \u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0939\u0948 (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927, \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0928\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0902. 05\/2026)\u0964 \u091f\u0949\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0916\u0941\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 IGNOU \u090f\u092e.\u090f. (MPS) \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-stats\">\n<div><b>170<\/b>\u091f\u0949\u092a\u093f\u0915<\/div>\n<div><b>40<\/b>\u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e-\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941<\/div>\n<div><b>0<\/b>\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"c-ia\" id=\"i-a\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u2013 I \u00b7 \u092d\u093e\u0917 A \u2014 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">1<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 : \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e :<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 : \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">2<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 : \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u0928\u0935\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a-\u0909\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0935\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a-\u0909\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">3<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f : \u0930\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0915\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f-\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0915<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">4<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e : \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927, \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">5<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930: \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924, \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 : \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">6<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930: \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924, \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0915, \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">7<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f, \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f (\u0939\u0947\u091c\u0947\u092e\u0928\u0940)<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u0948\u0927\u0924\u093e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">8<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0902: \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926, \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926, \u092b\u093e\u0938\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926, \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092b\u093e\u0938\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926 (\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">9<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928: \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u0938\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u092f\u0926 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926 \u0916\u093e\u0928, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0926, \u090f\u092e.\u0915\u0947. \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940, \u092c\u0940.\u0906\u0930. \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947\u0921\u0915\u0930, \u090f\u092e.\u090f\u0928. \u0930\u0949\u092f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u092f\u0926 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926 \u0916\u093e\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u090f\u092e.\u0915\u0947. \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092c\u0940.\u0906\u0930. \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947\u0921\u0915\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u090f\u092e.\u090f\u0928. \u0930\u0949\u092f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">10<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092a\u093e\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928: \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u094b \u0905\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941, \u092e\u0948\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0932\u0940, \u0939\u0949\u092c\u094d\u0938, \u0932\u0949\u0915, \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u090f\u0938. \u092e\u093f\u0932, \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940, \u0939\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u094b<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u0948\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0932\u0940<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0939\u0949\u092c\u094d\u0938<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0932\u0949\u0915<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u091c\u0949\u0928 \u090f\u0938. \u092e\u093f\u0932<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0939\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"c-ib\" id=\"i-b\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u2013 I \u00b7 \u092d\u093e\u0917 B \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">1<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926 : (\u0915) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 : \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939, \u0905\u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0938\u0935\u093f\u0928\u092f \u0905\u0935\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b, \u0909\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928, \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u0964 (\u0916) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f: \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u0909\u0917\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0932\u093f\u0924\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0935\u093f\u0928\u092f \u0905\u0935\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0909\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0917\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">2<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 : \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0925, \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0925<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">3<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e, \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f, \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924, \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">4<\/span><span class=\"syl\">(\u0915) \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0917: \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0964 (\u0916) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0917: \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">5<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930: \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, 73\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 74\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935, \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">73\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 74\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">6<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915, \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0928 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">7<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f : \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092c\u0902\u0927, \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a, \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">8<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938: \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f, \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927, \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">9<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u0943\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0943\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">10<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0926\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940: \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932, \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0926\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a, \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0915 \u0906\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0915 \u0906\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">11<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928: \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928, \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"c-iia\" id=\"ii-a\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u2013 II \u00b7 \u092d\u093e\u0917 A \u2014 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">1<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f: \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f; \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f : \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">2<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f; \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">3<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u092d\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e : \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932, \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">4<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923: \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 : \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">5<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e; \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092f\u0925\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0917\u092e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">6<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902; \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0939\u093f\u0924, \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927; \u092a\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e; \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0939\u093f\u0924, \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">7<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e: \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0941\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e, \u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0921\u093c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u0940\u0924 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927, \u0928\u093e\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0964 \u0917\u0941\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u0964 \u0938\u094b\u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e, \u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0921\u093c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u0940\u0924 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0917\u0941\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 : \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u094b\u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u0928, \u090f\u0915\u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0938\u094d\u0935<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">8<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092d\u0935 : \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0928\u0935\u0941\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 (CMEA); \u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 : \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0928\u0935\u0941\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0924\u0915<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 (CMEA)<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">9<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 : \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e-\u091c\u094b\u0916\u093e; \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923-\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0930\u0923; \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 : \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e-\u091c\u094b\u0916\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">10<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 : EU, ASEAN, APEC, SAARC, NAFTA<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918 (EU)<\/span><span class=\"dot\">ASEAN<\/span><span class=\"dot\">APEC<\/span><span class=\"dot\">SAARC<\/span><span class=\"dot\">NAFTA<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">11<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930 : \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923, \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f, \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926, \u0928\u093e\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u093e\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"c-iib\" id=\"ii-b\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u2013 II \u00b7 \u092d\u093e\u0917 B \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">1<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f: \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915, \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">2<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u0917\u0941\u091f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928: \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 : \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 : \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">3<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e : (\u0915) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 : \u090f\u0938\u090f\u090f\u0906\u0930\u0938\u0940 &#8211; \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u093e\u090f\u0902 (\u0916) \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 (\u0917) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0928 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f (\u0918) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0902: \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926: \u0905\u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0928\u0943\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094d\u0935, \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e : \u092a\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936<\/span><span class=\"dot\">SAARC : \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0928 (\u0932\u0941\u0915 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f) \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e-\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0943\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0935<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">4<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 : \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927, NIEO \u090f\u0935\u0902 WTO \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">NIEO \u090f\u0935\u0902 WTO \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">5<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930: \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0938\u0902\u0918 (EU), \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928, \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u0938\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918 (EU)<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u0938<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">6<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 : \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">7<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 : \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ph-pt\"><span class=\"num\">8<\/span><span class=\"syl\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938: \u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f, \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e, U S \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0907\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927, \u0928\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ph-tp\"><span class=\"dot\">\u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928, \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/span><span class=\"dot\">US \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0907\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/span><span class=\"dot\">\u0928\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"ph-legend\">\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930 (dotted) \u091f\u0949\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 <a href=\"\/psir\/psir-notes\/\">PSIR Notes<\/a> \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0935\u0924\u094d \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>UPSC \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 PSIR \u0915\u0947 \u091f\u0949\u092a\u093f\u0915-\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u2014 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 IGNOU \u090f\u092e.\u090f. (MPS) \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5129,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5132","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5132\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}