{"id":1004,"date":"2026-08-09T18:45:56","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:15:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/human-rights-are-complex-and-contested-social-practice-that-upsc-psir-2022-0506\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:22","slug":"human-rights-are-complex-and-contested-social-practice-that-upsc-psir-2022-0506","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/human-rights-are-complex-and-contested-social-practice-that-upsc-psir-2022-0506\/","title":{"rendered":"Human Rights are complex and contested social practice that organises relations between individuals, society and the State. Comment."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> reject \u201crights as moral possessions\u201d <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> recast as a social practice born after WWII<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> the Holocaust ended absolute sovereignty <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the individual placed at the centre of political morality<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>the practice reorders three relations <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> individual (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Kant<\/b>: dignity, an end not a means) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> society (shared standards, coexistence among diverse ways of life) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> State (sovereignty into duty; protector and violator) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> complexity = moral + legal + political registers, across domestic, international, cultural<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>contestation from the same root <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Berlin<\/b> (no single hierarchy of values) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Walzer<\/b>, <i>Spheres of Justice<\/i> (justice rests on shared understandings and social practices; no one universal theory)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> contestation flows from its practical character <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> it does not weaken them<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> keeps human dignity at the centre <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> among the most inspiring political ideas of the twentieth century<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[47],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[50],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1004","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-47","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-rights","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1004\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4598,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1004\/revisions\/4598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1004"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1004"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1004"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}