{"id":1008,"date":"2026-08-09T18:45:56","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:15:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/deliberative-democracy-does-not-have-its-salience-without-upsc-psir-2017-0602\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:23","slug":"deliberative-democracy-does-not-have-its-salience-without-upsc-psir-2017-0602","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/deliberative-democracy-does-not-have-its-salience-without-upsc-psir-2017-0602\/","title":{"rendered":"Deliberative democracy does not have its salience without participation and participatory democracy does not have its credence without deliberations. Comment."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> not rival models <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> two halves of one legitimacy <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> participation = demos, deliberation = logos<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> statement marks the exact failure point <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> each collapses without the other <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> breadth needs depth, depth needs breadth<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>participatory democracy = active citizen beyond the ballot <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Pateman<\/b>: participation revives civic life, counters alienation <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but headcount alone turns populist <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> loses credence <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> deliberative democracy fills the gap: quality of reasoning <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Habermas<\/b>: communicative action, better argument over power <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> reasoned debate gives participation its credence <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but narrow expert deliberation = elite discourse <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> loses salience <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> each completes the other: inclusion makes deliberation authoritative, reason makes participation credible <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Barber<\/b>\u2019s strong democracy = participation + debate <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Rousseau<\/b>: sovereign people who must continuously deliberate<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>fusion is a demand, not a guarantee <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Fraser<\/b>: single public sphere reproduces inequality, needs counter-publics <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> skilled speakers form an epistemic elite <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> mobilisation can still capture participation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> statement holds <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> deliberation alone = elite talk, no salience <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> participation alone = populist noise, no credence<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Fishkin<\/b>\u2019s deliberative polling \/ citizen assemblies fuse wide participation + evidence-based reason <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> legitimacy needs demos and logos together<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[45],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[51],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1008","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-45","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-democracy","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4602,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1008\/revisions\/4602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1008"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1008"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1008"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}