{"id":1061,"date":"2026-08-09T18:46:02","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:16:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/when-a-nation-becomes-devoid-of-arts-and-learning-it-invites-upsc-psir-2021-1109\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:39","slug":"when-a-nation-becomes-devoid-of-arts-and-learning-it-invites-upsc-psir-2021-1109","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/when-a-nation-becomes-devoid-of-arts-and-learning-it-invites-upsc-psir-2021-1109\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cWhen a nation becomes devoid of arts and learning, it invites poverty.\u2019 (Sir Syed Ahmad Khan). In the light of this statement, assess the role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a reformer in modern India."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> post-1857 Muslim decline read as a crisis of learning <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> education the cure<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> his own diagnosis: no arts\/learning <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> poverty <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> reform built on this<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>idea into institutions <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Scientific Society (1863) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>Aligarh Institute Gazette<\/i> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> MAO College \/ AMU <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> science\u2013faith harmony (science + Quran) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> social reform via <i>Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq<\/i> (anti-superstition\/polygamy, widow remarriage, women\u2019s education) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> early pluralism (two eyes of India)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>post-1887 turn <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> opposed representative democracy \/ Congress \/ self-government <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> pro-British loyalism <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> weakened nationalism, fed separatist arguments <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> most criticised part<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Kopf<\/b>: a nineteenth-century moderniser, not merely a communal leader<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> judged by his own test (learning cures backwardness) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> foundational reformer &amp; Muslim modernist<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[40],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[55],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1061","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-40","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-indian-political-thought","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1061","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1061\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4655,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1061\/revisions\/4655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1061"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1061"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1061"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1061"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1061"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}