{"id":1073,"date":"2026-08-09T18:46:03","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/how-would-i-and-my-fellow-human-beings-behave-if-we-were-to-find-upsc-psir-2016-1301\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:43","slug":"how-would-i-and-my-fellow-human-beings-behave-if-we-were-to-find-upsc-psir-2016-1301","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/how-would-i-and-my-fellow-human-beings-behave-if-we-were-to-find-upsc-psir-2016-1301\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;How would I and my fellow human beings behave if we were to find ourselves state of nature, and what does this behaviour tell us about our innate predispositions?&#8221; (Thomas Hobbes)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> state of nature = hypothetical condition <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> remove common power <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> behaviour exposes innate nature<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> start from man as matter in motion <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> self-preservation + fear <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> nature read off behaviour<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>appetite\/aversion, self-preservation, fear <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> rough equality + scarcity <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> three causes of quarrel: competition, diffidence, glory <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> each a threat to all <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> war of every man against every man <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> \u201csolitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short\u201d <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> not wickedness but restless desire for power \u201cceasing only in death\u201d <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> against <b class=\"pq-sc\">Aristotle<\/b>\u2019s natural sociability <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> guilt removed from selfishness, a fact of nature<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Locke<\/b> &amp; <b class=\"pq-sc\">Rousseau<\/b> reject the pessimism <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> human nature not so bleak<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> behaviour mirrors innate nature: fear + self-preservation, not depravity<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> such a nature can be held in check only by a common power<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[42],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[56],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1073","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-42","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-western-political-thought","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4667,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1073\/revisions\/4667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1073"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1073"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1073"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}