{"id":1080,"date":"2026-08-09T18:46:04","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:16:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/comment-on-the-state-of-nature-as-state-of-war-hobbes-in-150-words-upsc-psir-2023-1308\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:45","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:45","slug":"comment-on-the-state-of-nature-as-state-of-war-hobbes-in-150-words-upsc-psir-2023-1308","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/comment-on-the-state-of-nature-as-state-of-war-hobbes-in-150-words-upsc-psir-2023-1308\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment on the State of Nature as State of War (Hobbes) in 150 words"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> state of nature = hypothetical pre-political condition <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> no common power, law or judge <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> therefore a state of war<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> start from human nature <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> equality to harm\/kill + scarcity + endless desire <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> war is the natural result<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>no common authority <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> natural equality of vulnerability + scarcity + unlimited desire <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> everyone a threat to everyone <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> three causes of quarrel: competition, diffidence, glory <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> \u201cwar of every man against every man\u201d <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> war as known disposition, not actual fighting <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> consequences: no justice\/industry\/arts <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> force and fraud become virtues <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> life \u201csolitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>war is not perpetual battle <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> it is the known disposition to violence while no assurance of safety exists <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> qualifies \u201cstate of war\u201d without reducing its danger<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> self-preservation impossible in this condition <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> security requires a common coercive power<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> order placed before unrestrained liberty <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> all judgement surrendered to the Leviathan<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[34],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[56],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1080","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-34","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-western-political-thought","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1080","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1080\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4674,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1080\/revisions\/4674"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1080"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1080"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1080"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}