{"id":1092,"date":"2026-08-09T18:46:06","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:16:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/the-success-of-mahatma-gandhi-lay-in-transforming-both-political-upsc-psir-2017-1501\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:49","slug":"the-success-of-mahatma-gandhi-lay-in-transforming-both-political-upsc-psir-2017-1501","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/the-success-of-mahatma-gandhi-lay-in-transforming-both-political-upsc-psir-2017-1501\/","title":{"rendered":"The success of Mahatma Gandhi lay in transforming both political and non-political movements into a unified nationalist movement."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> success = integration <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Congress moved from elite politics to mass politics<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> distinctive move = fuse political struggle with ethical\u2013social reconstruction <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> means and ends made continuous<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>political goals (Swaraj, Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, Quit India) tied to ethical \/ social reconstruction <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> non-political work (khadi, Swadeshi, removal of untouchability, village work) absorbed into nationalism <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Khilafat brings Hindu\u2013Muslim unity; Champaran \/ Kheda \/ Ahmedabad draw in peasants and workers <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> continuity of means and ends; freedom without ethical self-rule incomplete <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Pantham<\/b>: integral democracy, private morality + public freedom<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">M.N. Roy<\/b> and <b class=\"pq-sc\">Ambedkar<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> this fusion restrained more radical social transformation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> not mere mobilization but integration of political, social, economic and moral energies into one nationalism<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> success lay in making the non-political part of the political <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> a single mass movement<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[45],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[57],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1092","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-45","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-indian-nationalism","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4686,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1092\/revisions\/4686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}