{"id":1357,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:47","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/examine-the-various-causes-of-agrarian-crisis-in-india-upsc-psir-2018-2304\/"},"modified":"2026-08-09T21:56:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:26:24","slug":"examine-the-various-causes-of-agrarian-crisis-in-india-upsc-psir-2018-2304","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/examine-the-various-causes-of-agrarian-crisis-in-india-upsc-psir-2018-2304\/","title":{"rendered":"Examine the various causes of agrarian crisis in India."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>&mdash; how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">GB visible distress (suicides, marches, migration) \u2192 crisis of profitability G33 farming no longer viable \u2192 causes structural &amp; policy-driven, not natural<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">unreformed land base (failed reforms, fragmentation, tenant exclusion \/ PM- Kisan) \u2192 state retreat (falling investment, weak irrigation, no extension) \u2192 Dhanagare: dependence shifts landlords \u2192 markets, state fails to regulate \u2192<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">liberalisation exposure (WTO, subsidised imports, price shocks, input costs, moneylenders) \u2192 Gulati: farmer gets ~25% of consumer price \u2192 climate stress (drought, groundwater) \u2192 rainfed suicides Maharashtra\/Karnataka<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">Sen &amp; Bhagwati: subsidies mainly aid rich farmers, remove them \u2192 fault is misdirected support, not its absence @39 Sainath: neoliberal policy + corporate input costs, not natural failure Swaminathan\u2019s remedy: procurement + C2+50% MSP as the corrective<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[43],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[64],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1357","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-43","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-planning-and-economic-development","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2581,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1357\/revisions\/2581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}