{"id":1383,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:50","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/electoral-behaviour-of-voters-is-governed-more-by-the-social-and-upsc-psir-2022-2508\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:24","slug":"electoral-behaviour-of-voters-is-governed-more-by-the-social-and-upsc-psir-2022-2508","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/electoral-behaviour-of-voters-is-governed-more-by-the-social-and-upsc-psir-2022-2508\/","title":{"rendered":"Electoral behaviour of voters is governed more by the social and economic factors than the political factors. Explain."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> define electoral behaviour (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Plano &amp; Riggs<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> social + economic form the base, political works upon it<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> claim holds substantially <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> identity + material conditions anchor the vote<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>social factors deepest (caste \/ religion \/ region <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Morris Jones<\/b>: caste\u2013politics reciprocity <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>Kothari\u2019s<\/b> politicization of caste) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> economic factors rising (informed, performance-conscious voter <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> jobs \/ inflation \/ welfare <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Kohli<\/b>, <b class=\"pq-sc\">Gupta &amp; Panagariya<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Vaishnav<\/b>: economics up, identity entrenched) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> political factors not passive (leadership \/ campaign <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 2019 social consolidation over caste arithmetic)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Banerjee<\/b>: caste, religion, ethnicity still matter strongly <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> economics has not displaced identity<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> no single set governs <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> interaction decides<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> voter weighs identity + welfare + leadership + performance together <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> claim partly true; interaction the truer reading<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[47],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[66],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1383","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-47","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-party-system","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4795,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1383\/revisions\/4795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1383"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1383"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1383"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}