{"id":1392,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:51","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/comment-on-environmentalism-of-the-poor-upsc-psir-2023-2605\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:27","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:27","slug":"comment-on-environmentalism-of-the-poor-upsc-psir-2023-2605","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/comment-on-environmentalism-of-the-poor-upsc-psir-2023-2605\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment on Environmentalism of the poor."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> Concept = ecological struggle of poor and marginal communities <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> livelihood, health, culture, autonomy at stake <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> survival, not leisure.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> Not a post-material luxury <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> for the poor, protecting forests\/land\/water is a survival struggle <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> ties human and ecological survival together.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Martinez-Alier<\/b>: ecological distribution conflicts (who bears costs \/ who gains) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Guha<\/b>: Northern \u201cfull stomach\u201d (scientists) vs Southern \u201cempty stomach\u201d (the poor) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> joins distribution + recognition + participation; human rights = environmental rights <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> arises around mining, dams, land grabbing, biomass; idiom of dignity and sacredness <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Indian cases: Chipko (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Guha<\/b>\u2019s label), Narmada, Niyamgiri, Tuticorin <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Forest Rights Act, 2006 as a legal response.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>The poor are not always environmentalists <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the concept names only conflicts where survival aligns with ecological preservation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> Reframes environmentalism as justice \u2014 the distribution of ecological benefits and burdens.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> Ecological protection and human survival are inseparable <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> environment as equity, not leisure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[34],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[67],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-1392","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-34","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-social-movements","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4804,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1392\/revisions\/4804"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1392"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1392"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1392"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}